California Charter Oversight
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California Charter Oversight
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Author : Rebecca E. Blanton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
California Charter Oversight written by Rebecca E. Blanton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Education categories.
This study was mandated by SB537 (Simitian, Chapter 650, Stats. of 2007, codified at Ed. Code Section 47613), which requires the California Research Bureau (CRB) to prepare and submit to the Legislature a report on the key elements and actual costs of charter school oversight. Charter schools are public schools that are operated by entities other than the traditional school district. They are publicly funded, mandated to accept any student who applies, and cannot discriminate based on race, religion, sex, or geographic location. Charter schools are exempted from significant portions of the California Education Code, but are overseen by charter school authorizers. An authorizer is an entity--most often a school district--that approves the formation of a charter school and regularly reviews its academic and financial performance. Authorizers have the power to close underperforming charter schools. Both authorizers and charter schools receive state funds for their operations. Charter schools educate approximately six percent of all California students. Charter authorizers oversee the performance of these schools and are responsible for ensuring that low-performing schools are either improved or closed. Under the direction of the Legislature, CRB examined the relationship between charter authorizers and charter schools, with a special emphasis on financial arrangements that would increase the opportunity for oversight beyond the legislatively mandated oversight activities. Additionally, the Legislature requested that CRB determine if the current funding formula for charter oversight provides sufficient reimbursement for authorizer activities. Finally, CRB addressed the Legislature's request to review best practices for charter school oversight and make recommendations on improving oversight in California. This report presents four key findings. First, the author and her colleagues found that during their study period, authorizers varied widely in both the services they performed and the amounts they charged charter schools for oversight. While some authorizers reported that petition review accounted for less than $1,000 in costs, other authorizers reported petition reviews costing upwards of $112,500. Second, they uncovered no correlation between activities performed for oversight and cost of oversight among study participants. A majority of the respondents had not adopted guidelines to determine what activities or services should be paid for with money received for charter school oversight. Third, few respondents to their survey reported formally accounting for staff time and costs expended conducting charter school oversight. Hence they are unable to provide the Legislature with a meaningful estimate of the true costs of or sufficiency of funding for authorizers' charter school oversight. They found that authorizers ranged from zero to 17 full-time employees dedicated to oversight. While 61 of the 72 respondents were able to provide an estimate on expenditures to revenue ratios, only 16 authorizers reported accounting for their actual oversight costs. Fourth, they found that, while professionally-accepted standards for charter school oversight have begun to emerge, California charter authorizers vary in their adherence to these standards. Several staff at authorizing agencies CRB staff spoke with stated their agency had to "reinvent the wheel" when it came to establishing oversight practices and standards. While some authorizers utilize established professional standards, others create their own unique forms of oversight. SB537 requires CRB to make policy recommendations about the structure and function of charter school oversight. The lack of good information about the costs and revenues including the use of California Education Code section 47613 funding has limited the author's and her colleagues' ability to provide concrete guidance to the Legislature in some areas. Their recommendations are based on current, professionally-accepted standards in charter school authorization and the results of their survey findings. These are: (1) Make charters or charter petitions available to the public; (2) Improve oversight accounting for authorizer reimbursement funds; (3) Define reimbursable oversight activities under California Education Code section 47613; and (4) Use multiple metrics to evaluate charter school performance. Appended are: (1) Advisory Panel; (2) Charter School Authorizer Survey Tool; (3) State Funding Allotments for Oversight Activity; (4) Significant CA Charter School Legislation; (5) Aligned General Oversight Standards; (6) National Consensus Panel on Charter School Academic Quality/National Consensus Panel on Charter School Operational Quality; (7) NACSA Financial Red Flags; (8) Charter School Transparency Laws; (9) Additional Authorizing Experts; (10) Data Overview; and (11) Works Cited. (Contains 15 tables, 18 figures and 2 equations.) [For "California Charter Oversight: Key Elements and Actual Costs. CRB Briefly Stated," see ED528996.
Law And Discretion In California Charter School Oversight
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Author : Kelsey Mayo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Law And Discretion In California Charter School Oversight written by Kelsey Mayo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Over the past 25 years, charter schools have grown rapidly both in number and in popularity through market reforms to education at federal, state, and local district levels. With this rise has come a practical and scholarly focus on charter school quality, approached primarily through the proxy of comparative student performance on standardized tests. While results from these inquiries are mixed, substandard or mediocre charter performance poses a legitimacy problem for the charter school as a reform that merits additional investment. If charters do no better than traditional public schools, how do politicians and advocates justify their continued operation or expansion? One strategy to ensure charter quality has been to attend to oversight responsibilities carried out by local and state authorizers. Existing literature on these authorizers has taken a predominantly comparative approach, mapping the oversight structures that emerge in a decentralized regulatory environment with significant legal diversity regarding charter schools. Yet gaps remain in our understanding of how diverse authorizers (particularly within the same state), understand and act on school quality, and in how piecemeal regulatory decisions shape larger educational landscapes and opportunities. To address such gaps, this project trains a sociolegal lens on oversight fora and its participants. How do formal legal requirements shape the local practice of charter oversight? How does embedded discretion affect regulatory processes surrounding compliance and quality judgments? How do alternative ideas of school quality intersect with legal understandings? These questions are grounded by two theoretical concepts: (1) institutional logics- motivating ‘idea bundles’ present in the organizational field and the strategic actions of participants, and (2) the ‘law in action’ paradigm that sees law as a dynamic tool at work both within and beyond its traditional structures. This project stands as a counterpoint to existing research on charter quality that focuses on student performance and measurement outcomes. This study examines the role of law as a primary institutional logic of charter oversight in California, the state with the largest and arguably most diverse population of charter schools in the nation. I focus on charter establishment and renewal petitions to understand how authorizers approach and enact determination of school quality and operational fitness, and how these moments reflect interaction and competition of institutional logics. I examine the participation of different actors and their arguments, finding evidence for three motivating logics of oversight: the legal, the educational, and the market logic. I track how a sample of diverse charter authorizers- from the local district level to the State Board of Education, respond to these arguments and decide to open or to close schools. The project relies on multiple sources, including demographic data on California’s 327 charter authorizers and more than 1,200 charter schools (as of 2017); minutes from local, county, and state oversight fora; 31 interviews and three case studies of specific oversight actions. I also draw on materials relevant to charter operation and oversight, including legal opinions, materials from advocacy organizations, and charter petitions and renewal documents. The first chapter provides background on the demographics of charter schools and the oversight structure in California. Chapter 2 reviews the previous research on charter quality and oversight and delves into the conceptual approaches mentioned briefly above. Chapter 3 presents the research design and methodological strategies. Chapter 4 situates oversight within the organizational and strategic action field of charter schools. It explores the participants, logics, and boundaries revealed in the practice oversight: a contrast to the orderly portrait of regulation suggested by existing legal provision, or “law on the books.” Chapter 5 examines local discretion in chartering decisions and the role of competing logics therein. Chapter 6 focuses on the legalization of the oversight process and the consequences for participants; it also examines law as material resources distributed unequally among charters and the resistance potential contained within the legal logic. Chapter 7 discusses the implications of the research: both theoretically- in thinking about how institutional logics interact to structure the regulatory environment, and practically- for authorizers, charter operators and school communities. The study’s findings challenge the prevalent notion that charter quality is an objective organizational fact. It presents evidence that authorizers’ decisions reflect conflicting institutional currents now present in larger charter environment as well as material disparities among schools. I conclude that the current legal framework of charter oversight in California creates an open stage for actors to debate the nuances and sources of school quality, the suitability of market logics in public structures, and the legitimacy of the charter form itself. On such a stage, law is a dynamic tool in the hands of diverse participants, permitting mobilization toward different ends: arguing for increased market reforms to education, shoring up historic arrangements of local control, or even resisting the erosion of traditional public provision. Following from research in the law and society movement, law also emerges as an unequally distributed material resource, with advantages accruing to the “repeat players” while disadvantaging the position of less-resourced schools and communities. This work has implications for theories of how law unfolds in the unique organizational context of public education, as well as for the construction of equitable and democratic charter oversight structures.
California S Charter Schools
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Author : California. Bureau of State Audits
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
California S Charter Schools written by California. Bureau of State Audits and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Charter schools categories.
Californias Charter Schools
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Author : Elaine M. Howell
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002-01
Californias Charter Schools written by Elaine M. Howell and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-01 with Education categories.
The Calif. Leg. passed the Charter Schools Act of 1992 to provide opportunities for teachers, parents, students, & community members to establish & operate schools independently of the existing school district structure, to increase innovation & learning opportunities while being accountable for achieving measurable student outcomes. However, 4 entities -- Fresno, L.A., Oakland, & San Diego City school dist. -- do not monitor to determine if their charter schools are achieving their student outcomes. The chartering entities are not effectively monitoring their charter schools & ensuring that these schools meet the agreed-upon student outcomes listed in their charters, & their fiscal monitoring is also weak. Tables.
Assessing California S Charter Schools
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Author : Jennifer Kuhn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Assessing California S Charter Schools written by Jennifer Kuhn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Charter schools categories.
Smarter Choices Better Education
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Author : Commission on California State Government Organization and Economy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Smarter Choices Better Education written by Commission on California State Government Organization and Economy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Charter schools categories.
Charter Schools
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Author : California. State Auditor (2013- )
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Charter Schools written by California. State Auditor (2013- ) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Charter schools categories.
Assessing California S Charter Schools
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Author : Elizabeth G. Hill
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 2008-04
Assessing California S Charter Schools written by Elizabeth G. Hill and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-04 with Education categories.
Charter School Operations And Performance
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Author : Ron Zimmer
language : en
Publisher: Rand Corporation
Release Date : 1999-06-30
Charter School Operations And Performance written by Ron Zimmer and has been published by Rand Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-06-30 with Education categories.
Analyzes an array of issues pertaining to accessibility, student achievement, governance, and operation of charter schools in California. Four specific research questions were investigated: (1) What population of students attends charter schools? (2) Is student achievement higher in charter schools than in conventional public schools? (3) What oversight and support do the chartering authorities provide? (4) How do charter schools differ from their conventional public school counterparts in terms of their operation, including finances, academic achievement, and staffing?
Charter Schools
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Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Charter Schools written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Education and the Workforce. Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Education categories.