Central Asia From Ethnic To Civic Nationalism

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Central Asia

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Author : Vladimir Fedorenko
language : en
Publisher: Rethink Institute
Release Date : 2012

Central Asia written by Vladimir Fedorenko and has been published by Rethink Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Asia, Central categories.

"Recently there was a wave of celebration of the 20th anniversary of independence in all Central Asian states, yet their nation building process is not complete and the perception of the national identity is still distorted. By its nature national identity should bring people together and unite them around common values and goals, in Central Asian states, however; national identity, conceived on ethnic basis, is a divisive force fragmenting people along the lines of ethnicity, religion, language, birth place, and social status. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Central Asian republics--Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kyrgyzsta--faced the difficult task of state- and nation-building. Although every Central Asian nation had its own challenges determined by its geography, ethnic and cultural composition, availability of natural resources and other factors, all of them faced same complexity that hindered the attaining of unity in those countries. As a result of abrupt dissolution of the Soviet Union, politically unstable, economically weak and interdependent, institutionally unprepared, and socially disorientated Central Asian states were in a serious crisis. In order to forge a new national identity, the political elites in all five Central Asian states decided to implement a nation building policy based on ethnicity. Ethnic nationalism was convenient and promising strategy capable of providing a sense of stability by uniting majority groups around the common and powerful link of ethnicity. In order to increase people's attachment to these new national identities, attractive myths regarding ethnic identities were created. In all of the Central Asian countries, the strategy of creating a national myth was similar. It consisted of rewriting history in order to show a strong attachment of the majority group to the present geographical location of the country as well as of choosing a historical figure that boosted the national pride of the dominant ethnic group. Consequently, Uzbeks have been putting emphasis on being successors of the famous conqueror Tamerlane who established Timurid Empire, Kyrgyz have been promoting the image of the mythical hero Manas, and Tajiks have been rediscovering their history that was linked to the Samanid Empire ruled by Ismail Samani, Kazakhs have been promoting nomadic culture and traditions, and Turkmens have been focusing on the Turkmen spiritual leader Magtymguly Pyragy. However, an important barrier to the nation building process around single ethnicity is the fact that most Central Asian states are multiethnic and multicultural societies. Thus, while ethnic nationalism provides the majority group a sense of belonging to the nation, minority ethnic groups in Central Asia do not easily embrace this new national identity and feel excluded from the nation building process. Moreover, majority ethnic groups also realize their dominance and often treat minorities unjustly. This creates tension and conflicts among the different ethnic groups. This paper addresses the question of how Central Asian societies can move away from divisive to inclusive form of nationalism"--Summary.

Nationalism And Identity Construction In Central Asia

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Author : Mariya Y. Omelicheva
language : en
Publisher: Lexington Books
Release Date : 2014-12-17

Nationalism And Identity Construction In Central Asia written by Mariya Y. Omelicheva and has been published by Lexington Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-12-17 with History categories.

This edited volume scrutinizes the nature and discourses of nationalisms and identity construction in the post-Soviet Central Asian republics, and elucidates the main strategies and tactics employed at various levels of identity construction in these states.

Ethnicity Modernity And Nationalism In Central Asia

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Author : Manish Jha
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007

Ethnicity Modernity And Nationalism In Central Asia written by Manish Jha and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Ethnicity categories.

Nations Minorities And States In Central Asia

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Author : Ajay Patnaik
language : en
Publisher: Anamika Pub & Distributors
Release Date : 2003

Nations Minorities And States In Central Asia written by Ajay Patnaik and has been published by Anamika Pub & Distributors this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Asia, Central categories.

A Close Book At State Policies In Central Asia That Have Consolidated Indeginous Nationhoods And Seek To Build Upon A Multi-Ethnic And Diverse Society, Also Looks At Identity Issues In Soviet And Post-Soviet Times And Concludes That The States In Central Asia Need To Reflect And Represent Through Their Policies, The Multi-Ethnic Chamber Of Their Societies. In Addition To Introduction And Conclusions, Contains 5 Chapters.

Identity Politics In Central Asia And The Muslim World

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Author : Edited By Willem Van Schendel And Erik J. Zuercher
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Identity Politics In Central Asia And The Muslim World written by Edited By Willem Van Schendel And Erik J. Zuercher and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.

Ethno Territorial Conflict And Coexistence In The Caucasus Central Asia And Fereydan

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Author : Babak Rezvani
language : en
Publisher: Amsterdam University Press
Release Date : 2014-03-15

Ethno Territorial Conflict And Coexistence In The Caucasus Central Asia And Fereydan written by Babak Rezvani and has been published by Amsterdam University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-03-15 with Political Science categories.

"Few authors have such an intimate knowledge of the background of confliicts in Central Asia. Rezvani looks at the region from a fresh perspective. He arrives at highly relevant recommendations how the politicization of ethnicity can be avoided and how ethnic nationalism in the long run can be turned into civic nationalism." Gerd Junne: Emeritus Professor of International Relations, University of Amsterdam. "It is rare to find such a thorough study about identity/culture and territory/geography in the troubled regions of Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Iran, and it is even more rare to find a comparative analysis. This book is encyclopedic and thought-provoking at the same time." Ton Dietz: Director of African Studies Centre, Leiden University, and Guest Professor of Human Geography, University of Amsterdam. "In contrast to much other research on con ict between ethnic groups, Rezvani has not only focused on the con icts and their origins but also included the set of situations where a con ict could have erupted but failed to occur. This provides a useful correction to stereotypes of conflict-prone regions, particularly in the Caucasus and Central Asia." Gertjan Dijkink: Associate Professor of Political Geography, University of Amsterdam. "Babak Rezvanis well-written and systematic work focuses on ethno-territorial and demographic aspects of conflict, combining theory with case studies and statistical analysis. He not only provides an innovative and interesting contribution to his field of study but also demonstrates a detailed knowledge of the relevant literature. The book is extremely well-sourced and offers a deep and insightful history of the areas and conflicts concerned." Georg Frerks: Professor of Con ict Prevention and Con ict Management, Utrecht University, The Netherlands. Babak Rezvani is a geographer and political scientist.

Rethinking Kazakh And Central Asian Nationhood

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Author : R. Charles Weller
language : en
Publisher: Xlibris Corporation
Release Date : 2006

Rethinking Kazakh And Central Asian Nationhood written by R. Charles Weller and has been published by Xlibris Corporation this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Fiction categories.

After summarizing the five main views of nationhood, including the central debate between & acute; naturalists-perennialists& acute; and & acute; Western modernists& acute; , a critique is offered of Western modernist writers treating the Kazakh and Central Asian nations. These writers insist on applying the cardinal Western doctrine of & acute; the separation of ethnicity and state& acute; in the Central Asian context in an effort to conform the post-Soviet Central Asian nations to Western norms of multiethnic & acute; democratic& acute; nationhood. To achieve this, they offer historiographical reinterpretations based in late 20th century Western modernist theories which themselves still echo Western eurocentric views of & acute; historyless, cultureless peoples& acute; . They attribute the rise of modern ethnicity and statehood in Central Asia to Tsarist and/or Soviet policy. Modern Central Asian ethnic identities as well as the nation-states associated with them are, in their view, artificial (i.e. & acute; imagined& acute; or & acute; invented& acute; ) constructs, political fabrications " created" via Russian " ethno-engineering" and Russian-trained & acute; elite& acute; nationalists who inculcated in the masses an entirely & acute; new& acute; and & acute; modern& acute; idea of ethnonational identity having little or no roots in their own past. By taking this approach, they allegedly demonstrate that today& acute; s nation-states in Central Asia have no true or historic relation to the ethnic nations whose names they bear and that those ethnic identities themselves in their current forms are & acute; inherentlyproblematic& acute; , inconsistent and highly instable, largely divorced from their pre-colonial histories. The Central Asians are conveniently (for Western modernists) left with no rightful historical claim as & acute; ethnic nations& acute; to their own modern & acute; political nations& acute; . These views continue to profoundly impact international and ethnonational human rights in the modern global age, including rights of national language, culture and history in Central Asia. As a challenge to these prevailing Western views, the author offers a perspective on Central Asian ethnonational identity which affirms its & acute; complex unity& acute; and depth of historical rootedness, recognizing the long-standing intimate connection between the ethnosocial, ethnocultural, ethnolinguistic, ethnoreligious and ethnopolitical dimensions of nationhood in the Central Asian tradition. From this unique, non-Western historical and contextual base, a more indigenous, integral form of & acute; Central Asian democratic nationhood& acute; is sought which strives to achieve genuine justice and equality for all ethnonational peoples involved. The author lived and worked in Kazakhstan for eight years and completed his Ph.D. in cultural theory and history at Kazakh National University in Almaty working entirely in Kazakh under the direction of Kazakh scholars. He draws significantly upon Kazakh scholarship as central part of the & acute; challenge to prevailing Western views.& acute; (Click on the link below to read the & acute; Preface& acute; from the book; visit www.ara-cahcrc.com/ca-nationhood.htm for more details.)

Ethnicity Nationalism And Conflict In And After The Soviet Union

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Author : Valery Tishkov
language : en
Publisher: SAGE
Release Date : 1997

Ethnicity Nationalism And Conflict In And After The Soviet Union written by Valery Tishkov and has been published by SAGE this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Political Science categories.

Valery Tishkov is a well-known Russian historian and anthropologist, and former Minister of Nationalities in Yeltsin's government. This book draws on his inside knowledge of major events and extensive primary research. Tishkov argues that ethnicity has a multifaceted role: it is the most accessible basis for political mobilization; a means of controlling power and resources in a transforming society; and therapy for the great trauma suffered by individuals and groups under previous regimes. This complexity helps explain the contradictory nature and outcomes of public ethnic policies based on a doctrine of ethno-nationalism.

The Spectacular State

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Author : Laura L. Adams
language : en
Publisher: Duke University Press
Release Date : 2010-02-05

The Spectacular State written by Laura L. Adams and has been published by Duke University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-05 with Social Science categories.

Laura L. Adams offers unique insight into nation building in Central Asia during the post-Soviet era through an exploration of Uzbekistan’s production of national culture in the 1990s. As she explains, after independence the Uzbek government maintained a monopoly over ideology, exploiting the remaining Soviet institutional and cultural legacies. The state expressed national identity through tightly controlled mass spectacles, including theatrical and musical performances. Adams focuses on these events, particularly the massive outdoor concerts the government staged on the two biggest national holidays, Navro’z, the spring equinox celebration, and Independence Day. Her analysis of the content, form, and production of these ceremonies shows how Uzbekistan’s cultural and political elites engaged in a highly directed, largely successful program of nation building through culture. Adams draws on her observations and interviews conducted with artists, intellectuals, and bureaucrats involved in the production of Uzbekistan’s national culture. These elites used globalized cultural forms such as Olympics-style spectacle to showcase local, national, and international aspects of official culture. While these state-sponsored extravaganzas were intended to be displays of Uzbekistan’s ethnic and civic national identity, Adams found that cultural renewal in the decade after Uzbekistan’s independence was not so much a rejection of Soviet power as it was a re-appropriation of Soviet methods of control and ideas about culture. The public sphere became more restricted than it had been in Soviet times, even as Soviet-era ideas about ethnic and national identity paved the way for Uzbekistan to join a more open global community.

Regime Transition In Central Asia

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Author : Dagikhudo Dagiev
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-30

Regime Transition In Central Asia written by Dagikhudo Dagiev and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-30 with Political Science categories.

Presenting a study of regime transition, political transformation, and the challenges that faced the post-Communist republics of Central Asia on independence, this book focuses on the process of transition in Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and the obstacles that these newly-independent states are facing in the post-Communist period. The book analyses how in the early stages of their independence, the governments of Central Asia declared that they would build democratic states, but that in practice, they demonstrated that they are more inclined towards authoritarianism. With the declaration of independence, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, like many other former Soviet national republics, were faced with the issues of nationalism, ethnicity, identity and territorial delimitation. This book looks at how the discourse of patrimonial nationalism in post-Communist Tajikistan and Uzbekistan has been the elites’ strategy to address all these issues: to maintain the stateness of their respective countries; to preserve the unity of their nation; to fill the ideological void of post-Communism; to prevent the rise of Islam; and to legitimize their authoritarian practice. Arguing against the claim that the Central Asian states have undergone divergent paths of transition, the book discusses how they are in fact all authoritarian, although exhibiting different degrees of authoritarianism. This book provides a useful contribution to studies on Central Asian Politics and International Relations.