Chapter West Nile Virus Basic Principles Replication Mechanism Immune Response And Important Genetic Determinants Of Virulence


Chapter West Nile Virus Basic Principles Replication Mechanism Immune Response And Important Genetic Determinants Of Virulence
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Viral Replication


Viral Replication
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Author : German Rosas-Acosta
language : en
Publisher: IntechOpen
Release Date : 2013-02-27

Viral Replication written by German Rosas-Acosta and has been published by IntechOpen this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-27 with Medical categories.


This book provides a collection of in-depth reviews broadly related to the mechanisms of viral replication as applied to various viruses of critical relevance for human or animal disease. Specifically, this book contains six different chapters: 1) Influenza A Virus Multiplication and the Cellular SUMOylation System; 2) West Nile Virus: Basic Principles, Replication Mechanism, Immune Response and Important Genetic Determinants of Virulence; 3) Hepatitis B Virus Genetic Diversity: Disease Pathogenesis; 4) An Overview of the Immune Evasion Strategies Adopted by Different Viruses With Special Reference to Classical Swine Fever Virus; 5) Viral Replication Strategies: Manipulation of ER Stress Response Pathways and Promotion of IRES-Dependent Translation; 6) Antiviral Replication Agents. This book is aimed at students, scholars, professors, and investigators who are peripherally related to, or somehow intrigued by, the different areas of virology covered in this book, as well as at those individuals with greater expertise and knowledge in the topics herein presented who may want up-to-date in depth reviews related to such topics.



Viral Replication


Viral Replication
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Author : German Rosas-Acosta
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2013-02-27

Viral Replication written by German Rosas-Acosta and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-27 with Medical categories.


This book provides a collection of in-depth reviews broadly related to the mechanisms of viral replication as applied to various viruses of critical relevance for human or animal disease. Specifically, this book contains six different chapters: 1) Influenza A Virus Multiplication and the Cellular SUMOylation System; 2) West Nile Virus: Basic Principles, Replication Mechanism, Immune Response and Important Genetic Determinants of Virulence; 3) Hepatitis B Virus Genetic Diversity: Disease Pathogenesis; 4) An Overview of the Immune Evasion Strategies Adopted by Different Viruses With Special Reference to Classical Swine Fever Virus; 5) Viral Replication Strategies: Manipulation of ER Stress Response Pathways and Promotion of IRES-Dependent Translation; 6) Antiviral Replication Agents. This book is aimed at students, scholars, professors, and investigators who are peripherally related to, or somehow intrigued by, the different areas of virology covered in this book, as well as at those individuals with greater expertise and knowledge in the topics herein presented who may want up-to-date in depth reviews related to such topics.



Viral Pathogenesis


Viral Pathogenesis
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Author : Michael G. Katze
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2015-12-30

Viral Pathogenesis written by Michael G. Katze and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-12-30 with Science categories.


Viral Pathogenesis: From Basics to Systems Biology, Third Edition, has been thoroughly updated to cover topical advances in the evolving field of viral pathogenesis, while also providing the requisite classic foundational information for which it is recognized. The book provides key coverage of the newfound ability to profile molecular events on a system-wide scale, which has led to a deeper understanding of virus-host interactions, host signaling and molecular-interaction networks, and the role of host genetics in determining disease outcome. In addition, the content has been augmented with short chapters on seminal breakthroughs and profiles of their progenitors, as well as short commentaries on important or controversial issues in the field. Thus, the reader will be given a view of virology research with perspectives on issues such as biomedical ethics, public health policy, and human health. In summary, the third edition will give the student a sense of the exciting new perspectives on viral pathogenesis that have been provided by recent developments in genomics, computation, modeling, and systems biology. Covers all aspects of viral infection, including viral entry, replication, and release, as well as innate and adaptive immunity and viral pathogenesis Provides a fresh perspective on the approaches used to understand how viruses cause disease Features molecular profiling techniques, whole genome sequencing, and innovative computational methods Highlights the use of contemporary approaches and the insights they provide to the field



Fenner And White S Medical Virology


Fenner And White S Medical Virology
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Author : Christopher J. Burrell
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2016-11-09

Fenner And White S Medical Virology written by Christopher J. Burrell and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-11-09 with Science categories.


Fenner and White's Medical Virology, Fifth Edition provides an integrated view of related sciences, from cell biology, to medical epidemiology and human social behavior. The perspective represented by this book, that of medical virology as an infectious disease science, is meant to provide a starting point, an anchor, for those who must relate the subject to clinical practice, public health practice, scholarly research, and other endeavors. The book presents detailed exposition on the properties of viruses, how viruses replicate, and how viruses cause disease. These chapters are then followed by an overview of the principles of diagnosis, epidemiology, and how virus infections can be controlled. The first section concludes with a discussion on emergence and attempts to predict the next major public health challenges. These form a guide for delving into the specific diseases of interest to the reader as described in Part II. This lucid and concise, yet comprehensive, text is admirably suited to the needs of not only advanced students of science and medicine, but also postgraduate students, teachers, and research workers in all areas of virology. Features updated and expanded coverage of pathogenesis and immunity Contains the latest laboratory diagnostic methods Provides insights into clinical features of human viral disease, vaccines, chemotherapy, epidemiology, and control



Essential Human Virology


Essential Human Virology
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Author : Jennifer Louten
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-05-28

Essential Human Virology written by Jennifer Louten and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-28 with Science categories.


Essential Human Virology, Second Edition focuses on the structure and classification of viruses, virus transmission and virus replication strategies based upon type of viral nucleic acid. Several chapters focus on notable and recognizable viruses and the diseases caused by them, including influenza, HIV, hepatitis viruses, poliovirus, herpesviruses and emerging and dangerous viruses. Additionally, how viruses cause disease (pathogenesis) is highlighted, along with discussions on immune response to viruses, vaccines, anti-viral drugs, gene therapy, the beneficial uses of viruses, research laboratory assays and viral diagnosis assays. Fully revised and updated with new chapters on coronaviruses, nonliving infectious agents, and notable non-human viruses, the book provides students with a solid foundation in virology. Focuses on human diseases and the cellular pathology that viruses cause Highlights current and cutting-edge technology and associated issues Presents real case studies and current news highlights in each chapter Features dynamic illustrations, chapter assessment questions, key terms, and a summary of concepts, as well as an instructor website with lecture slides, a test bank and recommended activities Updated and revised, with new chapters on coronaviruses, nonliving infectious agents, and notable non-human viruses



Pediatric Neurology


Pediatric Neurology
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Author : F. Rozenberg
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier Inc. Chapters
Release Date : 2013-04-23

Pediatric Neurology written by F. Rozenberg and has been published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-23 with Medical categories.


Acute viral encephalitis is a rare but devastating complication of common virus infections. Primary viral encephalitis is due to brain invasion by the virus and subsequent replication in the central nervous system, whereas postinfectious encephalitis is thought to be immune-mediated. The most frequent causes of primary encephalitis worldwide are rabies and the arboviruses, which comprise different families of viruses distributed according to geography and seasonality. Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is the commonest cause of encephalitis in Western countries. Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) occurs at all ages during infancy and childhood with a peak incidence during the first year of life. Its pathogenesis remains unsolved, although defects in the innate immune response have been observed in a few cases. Direct and sensitive virological diagnosis is available, but may be difficult at early stages of the disease. Specific antiviral therapy has proven to improve the prognosis of HSE dramatically, if administered early. Despite use of antiviral drugs, sequelae remain high and relapses may occur, presumably secondary to HSV latency in the brain. In addition, deleterious host inflammatory responses might account for failure of therapy. Immunomodulatory treatments have been proposed but require a better understanding of the respective roles of the multiple pathways of the immune response.



West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection


West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection
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Author : Michael S. Diamond
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-02-12

West Nile Encephalitis Virus Infection written by Michael S. Diamond and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-12 with Medical categories.


West Nile virus is a neurotropic flavivirus that has emerged globally as a primary cause of viral encephalitis. Infection of humans and other vertebrate animals is associated with a febrile illness that can progress to a lethal encephalitis or flaccid paralysis syndrome. Its appearance in the Western Hemisphere in 1999 and the corresponding increase in global disease burden over the last decade have been accompanied by intensive study, including the entry of many scientists into the field. Breakthroughs have been made in understanding the unique transmission pattern between the vector and the multiple avian and mammalian hosts and targets. Studies in mammalian systems have dissected the viral and host factors that determine the pathogenesis and outcome of West Nile virus infection. On the basis of these experiments, progress has been made on the identification of genetic factors that predispose to severe human disease. Thus, in a remarkably short period of time, insight has been gained on a wide variety of disciplines related to West Nile virus biology. The aim of this book was to assemble an up-to-date and cutti- edge anthology from the leading experts in the field. The chapters are balanced by submissions from newcomers who have made significant recent contributions with those from established investigators who have dedicated their careers to the study of West Nile virus.



Pediatric Neurology


Pediatric Neurology
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Author : Olivier Dulac
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2013-04-23

Pediatric Neurology written by Olivier Dulac and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-23 with Medical categories.


The child is neither an adult miniature nor an immature human being: at each age, it expresses specific abilities that optimize adaptation to its environment and development of new acquisitions. Diseases in children cover all specialties encountered in adulthood, and neurology involves a particularly large area, ranging from the brain to the striated muscle, the generation and functioning of which require half the genes of the whole genome and a majority of mitochondrial ones. Human being nervous system is sensitive to prenatal aggression, is particularly immature at birth and development may be affected by a whole range of age-dependent disorders distinct from those that occur in adults. Even diseases more often encountered in adulthood than childhood may have specific expression in the developing nervous system. The course of chronic neurological diseases beginning before adolescence remains distinct from that of adult pathology – not only from the cognitive but also motor perspective, right into adulthood, and a whole area is developing for adult neurologists to care for these children with persisting neurological diseases when they become adults. Just as pediatric neurology evolved as an identified specialty as the volume and complexity of data became too much for the general pediatician or the adult neurologist to master, the discipline has now continued to evolve into so many subspecialties, such as epilepsy, neuromuscular disease, stroke, malformations, neonatal neurology, metabolic diseases, etc., that the general pediatric neurologist no longer can reasonably possess in-depth expertise in all areas, particularly in dealing with complex cases. Subspecialty expertise thus is provided to some trainees through fellowship programmes following a general pediatric neurology residency and many of these fellowships include training in research. Since the infectious context, the genetic background and medical practice vary throughout the world, this diversity needs to be represented in a pediatric neurology textbook. Taken together, and although brain malformations (H. Sarnat & P. Curatolo, 2007) and oncology (W. Grisold & R. Soffietti) are covered in detail in other volumes of the same series and therefore only briefly addressed here, these considerations justify the number of volumes, and the number of authors who contributed from all over the world. Experts in the different subspecialties also contributed to design the general framework and contents of the book. Special emphasis is given to the developmental aspect, and normal development is reminded whenever needed – brain, muscle and the immune system. The course of chronic diseases into adulthood and ethical issues specific to the developing nervous system are also addressed. A volume in the Handbook of Clinical Neurology series, which has an unparalleled reputation as the world's most comprehensive source of information in neurology International list of contributors including the leading workers in the field Describes the advances which have occurred in clinical neurology and the neurosciences, their impact on the understanding of neurological disorders and on patient care



Emerging And Reemerging Viral Pathogens


Emerging And Reemerging Viral Pathogens
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Author : Moulay Mustapha Ennaji
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2019-09-14

Emerging And Reemerging Viral Pathogens written by Moulay Mustapha Ennaji and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-09-14 with Science categories.


Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens: Applied Virology Approaches Related to Human, Animal and Environmental Pathogens, Volume Two presents new research information on viruses and their impact on the scientific community. It provides a reference book on certain viruses in humans, animals and vegetal, along with a comprehensive discussion on interspecies interactions. The book then looks at the drug, vaccine and bioinformatical strategies that can be used against these viruses, giving the reader a clear understanding of transmission. The book's end goal is to create awareness that the appearance of newly transmissible pathogens is a global risk that requires shared/adoptable policies for prevention and control. Covers most emerging viral disease in humans, animals and plants Provides the most advanced tools and techniques in molecular virology and the modeling of viruses Creates awareness that the appearance of new transmissible pathogens is a global risk Highlights the need to adopt shared policies for the prevention and control of infectious diseases



The Emergence Of Zoonotic Diseases


The Emergence Of Zoonotic Diseases
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2002-04-09

The Emergence Of Zoonotic Diseases written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-04-09 with Medical categories.


Zoonotic diseases represent one of the leading causes of illness and death from infectious disease. Defined by the World Health Organization, zoonoses are "those diseases and infections that are naturally transmitted between vertebrate animals and man with or without an arthropod intermediate." Worldwide, zoonotic diseases have a negative impact on commerce, travel, and economies. In most developing countries, zoonotic diseases are among those diseases that contribute significantly to an already overly burdened public health system. In industrialized nations, zoonotic diseases are of particular concern for at-risk groups such as the elderly, children, childbearing women, and immunocompromised individuals. The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases: Understanding the Impact on Animal and Human Health, covers a range of topics, which include: an evaluation of the relative importance of zoonotic diseases against the overall backdrop of emerging infections; research findings related to the current state of our understanding of zoonotic diseases; surveillance and response strategies to detect, prevent, and mitigate the impact of zoonotic diseases on human health; and information about ongoing programs and actions being taken to identify the most important needs in this vital area.