Characterization Of In Use Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior
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Characterization Of In Use Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior
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Author : Adam Duran
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Characterization Of In Use Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior written by Adam Duran and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Automobile driving categories.
The U.S. Department of Energy's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) deployment and demonstration projects are helping to commercialize technologies for all-electric vehicles (EVs). Under the ARRA program, data from Smith Electric and Navistar medium duty EVs have been collected, compiled, and analyzed in an effort to quantify the impacts of these new technologies. Over a period of three years, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has compiled data from over 250 Smith Newton EVs for a total of over 100,000 days of in-use operation. Similarly, data have been collected from over 100 Navistar eStar vehicles, with over 15,000 operating days having been analyzed. NREL has analyzed a combined total of over 4 million kilometers of driving and 1 million hours of charging data for commercial operating medium duty EVs. In this paper, the authors present an overview of medium duty EV operating and charging behavior based on in-use data collected from both Smith and Navistar vehicles operating in the United States. Specifically, this paper provides an introduction to the specifications and configurations of the vehicles examined; discusses the approach and methodology of data collection and analysis, and presents detailed results regarding daily driving and charging behavior. In addition, trends observed over the course of multiple years of data collection are examined, and conclusions are drawn about early deployment behavior and ongoing adjustments due to new and improving technology. Results and metrics such as average daily driving distance, route aggressiveness, charging frequency, and liter per kilometer diesel equivalent fuel consumption are documented and discussed.
Characterization Of In Use Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Characterization Of In Use Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
The U.S. Department of Energy's American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) deployment and demonstration projects are helping to commercialize technologies for all-electric vehicles (EVs). Under the ARRA program, data from Smith Electric and Navistar medium duty EVs have been collected, compiled, and analyzed in an effort to quantify the impacts of these new technologies. Over a period of three years, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has compiled data from over 250 Smith Newton EVs for a total of over 100,000 days of in-use operation. Similarly, data have been collected from over 100 Navistar eStar vehicles, with over 15,000 operating days having been analyzed. NREL has analyzed a combined total of over 4 million kilometers of driving and 1 million hours of charging data for commercial operating medium duty EVs. In this paper, the authors present an overview of medium duty EV operating and charging behavior based on in-use data collected from both Smith and Navistar vehicles operating in the United States. Specifically, this paper provides an introduction to the specifications and configurations of the vehicles examined; discusses the approach and methodology of data collection and analysis, and presents detailed results regarding daily driving and charging behavior. In addition, trends observed over the course of multiple years of data collection are examined, and conclusions are drawn about early deployment behavior and ongoing adjustments due to new and improving technology. Results and metrics such as average daily driving distance, route aggressiveness, charging frequency, and liter per kilometer diesel equivalent fuel consumption are documented and discussed.
Charging Behavior Driving Patterns And Evmt For Phev 20s Over Time
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Author : Laura Christine Cackette
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Charging Behavior Driving Patterns And Evmt For Phev 20s Over Time written by Laura Christine Cackette and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Analysis of real world data from plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) in California was conducted with the objective of characterizing how owners charge and drive PHEVs with 20 miles of battery capacity (PHEV 20s). A large volume of in-use data, collected by a major vehicle manufacturer over a period of almost three years, was examined. Results and discussion focus on several key points of interest: how often PHEV 20 owners plug in and how that changes over time; how other variables such as fuel price may affect plug-in frequency; and how many electric miles are driven as a result of charging and travel behavior. On average, owners plug their vehicles in more than once per active day; although, some owners stop doing so and cause rates of not charging to increase over time. They also drive around 52 miles per active day, with 17 of those powered by electricity. Therefore, PHEV 20s in California achieve more than 30% eVMT (electric vehicle miles traveled) on average.
Statistical Characterization Of Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Drive Cycles
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Statistical Characterization Of Medium Duty Electric Vehicle Drive Cycles written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
With funding from the U.S. Department of Energy's Vehicle Technologies Office, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) conducts real-world performance evaluations of advanced medium- and heavy-duty fleet vehicles. Evaluation results can help vehicle manufacturers fine-tune their designs and assist fleet managers in selecting fuel-efficient, low-emission vehicles that meet their economic and operational goals. In 2011, NREL launched a large-scale performance evaluation of medium-duty electric vehicles. With support from vehicle manufacturers Smith and Navistar, NREL research focused on characterizing vehicle operation and drive cycles for electric delivery vehicles operating in commercial service across the nation.
Medium Duty Plug In Electric Delivery Truck Fleet Evaluation
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Medium Duty Plug In Electric Delivery Truck Fleet Evaluation written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
In this paper, the authors present an overview of medium-duty electric vehicle (EV) operating behavior based on in-use data collected from Smith Newton electric delivery vehicles and compare their performance and operation to conventional diesel trucks operating in the same fleet. The vehicles' drive cycles and operation are analyzed and compared to demonstrate the importance of matching specific EV technologies to the appropriate operational duty cycle. The results of this analysis show that the Smith Newton EVs demonstrated a 68% reduction in energy consumption over the data reporting period compared to the conventional diesel vehicles, as well as a 46.4% reduction in carbon dioxide equivalent emissions based on the local energy generation source.
Overcoming Barriers To Deployment Of Plug In Electric Vehicles
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-06-26
Overcoming Barriers To Deployment Of Plug In Electric Vehicles written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-06-26 with Science categories.
In the past few years, interest in plug-in electric vehicles (PEVs) has grown. Advances in battery and other technologies, new federal standards for carbon-dioxide emissions and fuel economy, state zero-emission-vehicle requirements, and the current administration's goal of putting millions of alternative-fuel vehicles on the road have all highlighted PEVs as a transportation alternative. Consumers are also beginning to recognize the advantages of PEVs over conventional vehicles, such as lower operating costs, smoother operation, and better acceleration; the ability to fuel up at home; and zero tailpipe emissions when the vehicle operates solely on its battery. There are, however, barriers to PEV deployment, including the vehicle cost, the short all-electric driving range, the long battery charging time, uncertainties about battery life, the few choices of vehicle models, and the need for a charging infrastructure to support PEVs. What should industry do to improve the performance of PEVs and make them more attractive to consumers? At the request of Congress, Overcoming Barriers to Deployment of Plug-in Electric Vehicles identifies barriers to the introduction of electric vehicles and recommends ways to mitigate these barriers. This report examines the characteristics and capabilities of electric vehicle technologies, such as cost, performance, range, safety, and durability, and assesses how these factors might create barriers to widespread deployment. Overcoming Barriers to Deployment of Plug-in Electric Vehicles provides an overview of the current status of PEVs and makes recommendations to spur the industry and increase the attractiveness of this promising technology for consumers. Through consideration of consumer behaviors, tax incentives, business models, incentive programs, and infrastructure needs, this book studies the state of the industry and makes recommendations to further its development and acceptance.
Field Evaluation Of Medium Duty Plug In Electric Delivery Trucks
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Field Evaluation Of Medium Duty Plug In Electric Delivery Trucks written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
This report focuses on medium-duty electric delivery vehicles operated by Frito-Lay North America (FLNA) at its Federal Way, Washington, distribution center. The 100% electric drive system is an alternative to conventional diesel delivery trucks and reduces both energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. The vehicles' drive cycles and operation are analyzed and compared to demonstrate the importance of matching specific electric vehicle (EV) technologies to the appropriate operational duty cycle. The results of this analysis show that the Smith Newton EVs demonstrated a 68% reduction in energy consumption over the data reporting period compared to the conventional diesel vehicles, as well as a 46.4% reduction in CO2 equivalent emissions based on the local energy generation source. In addition to characterizing the in-use performance of the EVs compared to the conventional diesels, detailed facility load data were collected at the main building power feed as well as from each of the 10 EV chargers to better understand the broader implications associated with commercial EV deployment. These facility loads were incorporated into several modeling scenarios to demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating onsite renewables.
Battery Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior Observed Early In The Ev Project
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Author : John Smart
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Battery Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior Observed Early In The Ev Project written by John Smart and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Battery Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior Observed Early In The Ev Project
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Battery Electric Vehicle Driving And Charging Behavior Observed Early In The Ev Project written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
As concern about society's dependence on petroleum-based transportation fuels increases, many see plug-in electric vehicles (PEV) as enablers to diversifying transportation energy sources. These vehicles, which include plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEV), range-extended electric vehicles (EREV), and battery electric vehicles (BEV), draw some or all of their power from electricity stored in batteries, which are charged by the electric grid. In order for PEVs to be accepted by the mass market, electric charging infrastructure must also be deployed. Charging infrastructure must be safe, convenient, and financially sustainable. Additionally, electric utilities must be able to manage PEV charging demand on the electric grid. In the Fall of 2009, a large scale PEV infrastructure demonstration was launched to deploy an unprecedented number of PEVs and charging infrastructure. This demonstration, called The EV Project, is led by Electric Transportation Engineering Corporation (eTec) and funded by the U.S. Department of Energy. eTec is partnering with Nissan North America to deploy up to 4,700 Nissan Leaf BEVs and 11,210 charging units in five market areas in Arizona, California, Oregon, Tennessee, and Washington. With the assistance of the Idaho National Laboratory, eTec will collect and analyze data to characterize vehicle consumer driving and charging behavior, evaluate the effectiveness of charging infrastructure, and understand the impact of PEV charging on the electric grid. Trials of various revenue systems for commercial and public charging infrastructure will also be conducted. The ultimate goal of The EV Project is to capture lessons learned to enable the mass deployment of PEVs. This paper is the first in a series of papers documenting the progress and findings of The EV Project. This paper describes key research objectives of The EV Project and establishes the project background, including lessons learned from previous infrastructure deployment and PEV demonstrations. One such previous study was a PHEV demonstration conducted by the U.S. Department of Energy's Advanced Vehicle Testing Activity (AVTA), led by the Idaho National Laboratory (INL). AVTA's PHEV demonstration involved over 250 vehicles in the United States, Canada, and Finland. This paper summarizes driving and charging behavior observed in that demonstration, including the distribution of distance driven between charging events, charging frequency, and resulting proportion of operation charge depleting mode. Charging demand relative to time of day and day of the week will also be shown. Conclusions from the PHEV demonstration will be given which highlight the need for expanded analysis in The EV Project. For example, the AVTA PHEV demonstration showed that in the absence of controlled charging by the vehicle owner or electric utility, the majority of vehicles were charged in the evening hours, coincident with typical utility peak demand. Given this baseline, The EV Project will demonstrate the effects of consumer charge control and grid-side charge management on electricity demand. This paper will outline further analyses which will be performed by eTec and INL to documenting driving and charging behavior of vehicles operated in a infrastructure-rich environment.
Analysis Of Electric Vehicle Charging Impact On The Electric Power Grid
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Analysis Of Electric Vehicle Charging Impact On The Electric Power Grid written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
In order to evaluate the impact of electric vehicles (EVs) on the distribution grid and assess their potential benefits to the future smart grid, it is crucial to study the EV charging patterns and the usage charging station. Though EVs are not yet widely adopted nationwide, a valuable methodology to conduct such studies is the statistical analysis of real-world charging data. This paper presents actual EV charging behavior of 64 EVs (5 brands, 8 models) from EV users and charging stations at Los Angeles Department of Water and Power for more than one year. Twenty-four-hour EV charging load curves have been generated and studied for various load periods: daily, monthly, seasonally and yearly. Finally, the effect and impact of EV load on the California distribution network are evaluated at different EV penetration rates.