Chemical Abundances In The Universe
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Chemical Abundances In The Universe
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Author : International Astronomical Union. Symposium
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010
Chemical Abundances In The Universe written by International Astronomical Union. Symposium and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Cosmic abundances categories.
Session I : Primordial nucleosynthesis and the first stars in the Universe -- Session II : First stars in the Galaxy -- Session III : Chemical abundances in the high red-shift Universe -- Session IV : Chemical abundance constraints on mass assembly and star formation in local galaxies and the Milky Way -- Session V : Extrasolar planets: the chemical abundance connection -- Session VI : Abundance surveys and projects in the era of future large telescopes.
Chemical Abundances In The Universe Iau S265
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Author : Katia Cunha
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2010-03-25
Chemical Abundances In The Universe Iau S265 written by Katia Cunha and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-03-25 with Science categories.
IAU Symposium 265 presents a unified picture of nucleosynthesis, the production of chemical elements over cosmic time. It explains how this chemical evolution links together the early Universe of the first stars, through the formation of galaxies and their diverse populations of stars, to a Universe of heavy-element rich stars and planets. The first generation of massive stars that drove reionization left their chemical signatures imprinted in the oldest low-mass stars, which we observe today. Chemical evolution is a broad, diverse and rapidly evolving field, due to the ever-expanding capabilities delivered by new arrays of instruments on large telescopes, together with significant advances in modelling and increasing access to large and accurate nuclear, atomic, and molecular databases. Written for researchers and graduate students, the topics covered in this volume provide a comprehensive overview of the scientific progress achieved in recent years.
True Chemical Abundances Of Galaxies In The Nearby Universe
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Author : Danielle Amanda Berg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
True Chemical Abundances Of Galaxies In The Nearby Universe written by Danielle Amanda Berg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The Cosmic Chemical Bond
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Author : D A Williams
language : en
Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry
Release Date : 2015-10-09
The Cosmic Chemical Bond written by D A Williams and has been published by Royal Society of Chemistry this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-10-09 with Science categories.
Introducing astrochemistry to a wide audience, this book describes how molecules formed in chemical reactions occur in a range of environments in interstellar and circumstellar space, from shortly after the Big Bang up to the present epoch. Stressing that chemistry in these environments needs to be driven, it helps identify these drivers and the various chemical networks that operate giving rise to signature molecules that enable the physics of the region to be better understood. The book emphasises, in a non-mathematical way, the chemistry of the Milky Way Galaxy and its planet-forming regions, describes how other galaxies may have rather different chemistries and shows how chemistry was important even in the Early Universe when most of the elements had yet to be formed. This book will appeal to anyone with a general interest in chemistry, from students to professional scientists working in interdisciplinary areas and non-scientists fascinated by the evolving and exciting story of chemistry in the cosmos.
Chemical Abundances In Dlas And The Distant Universe
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Author : Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Chemical Abundances In Dlas And The Distant Universe written by Miroslava Dessauges-Zavadsky and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with categories.
L'objet de cette thèse est l'étude de l'abondance des éléments chimiques dans l'Univers et dans les "dampted Ly[alpha] systems" (DLAs), galaxies à haut redshift détectées grâce aux raies d'absorption qu'elles produisent sur la ligne de visée de quasars. Nous avons obtenu des spectres à haute résolution de six de ces galaxies avec le spectrographe UVES sur le VLT. Ces données et les données de l'archive UVES nous ont permis d'étudier les problèmes cosmologiques suivants : "l'évolution chimique des galaxies" en contraignant l'histoire de la formation stellaire et l'âge de quelques DLAs ; "l'évolution de l'enrichissement en métaux de l'Univers" en examinant la contribution d'objets de densité de colonne de HI plus faible que celle des DLAs, appelés "sub-DLAs" ; et "la détermination des paramètres cosmologiques", tels que la densité baryonique de l'Univers obtenue à partir de l'abondance du deutérium et la température du fond de rayonnement cosmologique à un redshift de 3.025.
The Elements
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Author : P. A. Cox
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 1989
The Elements written by P. A. Cox and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Here is the first book to provide a complete natural history of the elements. This interdisciplinary guide will give the reader a broad, non-technical view of the origin of the elements, the factors controlling their abundances, and their distributions in the Earth, solar system, and universe. This unique volume is based on a series of lectures given for freshman chemistry students and will be of equal value to both undergraduates and professors in all physical sciences. It includes a broad introduction to the range of existing elements and information on their nuclear and chemical properties, as well as coverage of radioactive elements, the condensation of the elements, the elements of life and the oceans. Valuable appendix materials include coverage of elemental abundances and isotopic composition, while suggestions for further reading are provided at the end of each chapter.
Chemical Abundances In Carbon Enhanced Metal Poor Stars
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Author : Anna Kwa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Chemical Abundances In Carbon Enhanced Metal Poor Stars written by Anna Kwa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Abstract: Metal-poor stars in the Galactic halo were born during the first few generations following the Big Bang, and thus provide key insights regarding conditions in the early Universe. Carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars, a subset of this population, are of even further interest because of their peculiar elemental abundance patterns. We studied high-resolution spectra of ten CEMP stars to learn more about the sources of their carbon excess, and now have preliminary abundances for up to 29 elements in our sample. Carbon enhancement in the stellar atmospheres was taken into consideration when conducting the abundance analysis, but did not appear to have a significant effect on derived abundances. Comparison of heavy element abundance ratios to the solar system pattern will be used to study nucleosynthesis at extremely low metallicities.
Planets Stars And Stellar Systems
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Author : Gerard Gilmore
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-02-23
Planets Stars And Stellar Systems written by Gerard Gilmore and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-23 with Science categories.
This is volume 5 of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems, a six-volume compendium of modern astronomical research, covering subjects of key interest to the main fields of contemporary astronomy. This volume on “Galactic Structure and Stellar Populations”, edited by Gerard F. Gilmore, presents accessible review chapters on Stellar Populations, Chemical Abundances as Population Tracers, Metal-Poor Stars and the Chemical Enrichment of the Universe, The Stellar and Sub-Stellar Initial Mass Function of Simple and Composite Populations, The Galactic Nucleus, The Galactic Bulge, Open Clusters and Their Role in the Galaxy, Star Counts and the Nature of Galactic Thick Disk, The Infrared Galaxy, Interstellar PAHs and Dust, Galactic Neutral Hydrogen, High-Velocity Clouds, Magnetic Fields in Galaxies, Astrophysics of Galactic Charged Cosmic Rays, Gamma-Ray Emission of Supernova Remnants and the Origin of Galactic Cosmic Rays, Galactic Distance Scales, Globular Cluster Dynamical Evolution, Dynamics of Disks and Warps, Mass Distribution and Rotation Curve in the Galaxy, Dark Matter in the Galactic Dwarf Spheroidal Satellites, and History of Dark Matter in Galaxies. All chapters of the handbook were written by practicing professionals. They include sufficient background material and references to the current literature to allow readers to learn enough about a specialty within astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology to get started on their own practical research projects. In the spirit of the series Stars and Stellar Systems published by Chicago University Press in the 1960s and 1970s, each chapter of Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems can stand on its own as a fundamental review of its respective sub-discipline, and each volume can be used as a textbook or recommended reference work for advanced undergraduate or postgraduate courses. Advanced students and professional astronomers in their roles as both lecturers and researchers will welcome Planets, Stars and Stellar Systems as a comprehensive and pedagogical reference work on astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology.
Water In The Universe
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Author : Arnold Hanslmeier
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2010-09-29
Water In The Universe written by Arnold Hanslmeier and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-09-29 with Science categories.
Due to its specific chemical and physical properties, water is essential for life on Earth. And it is assumed that this would be the case for extraterrestrial life as well. Therefore it is important to investigate where water can be found in the Universe. Although there are places that are completely dry, places where the last rainfall happened probably several 100 million years ago, surprisingly this substance is quite omnipresent. In the outer solar system the large satellites of Jupiter and Saturn are covered by a thick layer of ice that could be hiding a liquid ocean below. This of course brings up the question of whether the recently detected extrasolar planets could have some water on their surfaces and how we can detect this. Water molecules are also found in interstellar gas and dust clouds. This book begins with an introductory chapter reviewing the physical and chemical properties of water. Then it illuminates the apparent connection between water and life. This is followed by chapters dealing with our current knowledge of water in the solar system, followed by a discussion concerning the potential presence and possible detection of water on exoplanets. The signature of water in interstellar space and stars are reviewed before the origin of water in the Universe is finally discussed. The book ends with an appendix on detection methods, satellite missions and astrophysical concepts touched upon in the main parts of the book. The search for water in the Universe is related to the search for extraterrestrial life and is of fundamental importance for astrophysics, astrobiology and other related topics. This book therefore addresses students and researchers in these fields.
Life In The Universe
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Author : Joseph Seckbach
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-03-21
Life In The Universe written by Joseph Seckbach and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-03-21 with Science categories.
H. BALTSCHEFFSKYChairman Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. Professor Stanley Miller, Professor K. R. Srinivasan, Organizers and Sponsors of this Conference, Ladies and Gentlemen; WearegettingreadyfortheAbdusSalamLecture, honoringtwomostdistinguishedsci- tists. Bothhaveverysigni?cantlycontributedtotherapidgrowthofthesphereoffun- mentalknowledgeinthesecondhalfofthetwentiethcentury. Abdus Salam, theoreticalphysicist, NobelPrizewinner, creatorandlongtimeleader of The Abdus Salam Center of Theoretical Physics. With his active interest in the origin oflifeheplayedaleadingroleininstigatingtheseconferencesonChemicalEvolutionand theOriginofLifehereinTrieste, whichstillareofsuchprimaryimportanceinthis?eld. Heleftthisworldin1996. And Stanley Miller, whomostgenerously, astheAbdusSalamLecturer, isgoingto giveushis"Recollectionsofthebeginningofchemicalevolutionexperiments" DearStanley, itisagreatprivilege, andindeedapleasuretointroduceyou. Thisisina wayaquiteeasytask, becauseweallalreadyknowthat"theMillerexperiment", whichis mostappropriatelyplacedinthetitleofthisconference, in1953, exactly50yearsago, was amajorbreakthrough, openingupanewresearch?eldwith, andfor, rationalandadvanced chemicalexperimentationonthemolecularoriginoflife. Itwouldtaketoomuchtimetotrytodescribehereyourscienti?ccarrier, yourprices, yourPresidencyofISSOLandyourmanyothersuccesses. SoIratherwillendthisint- ductionwithacoupleofpersonalrecollections. First I would like to combine something of Abdus Salam and Stanley Miller. Abdus Salamgavethevery?rstinvitedlectureoftheUniversityofStockholmInternationalL- turesonHuman, GlobalandUniversalProblems, in1975. And10yearslater, atLidingo ] closetoStockholm, StanleyMillergavetheopeninglectureofaconferenceontheMol- ularEvolutionofLife. OnapictureItook, asaco-arrangeroftheseevents, Stanleyisseen approachinginhisusual, modestway, morefocussedonscienti?cdiscussionthanonthe camera. Last but not least, I shall tell you the true story about when we learned that Stanley isanenthusiasticenvironmentalist, inthebestsenseoftheword. About25yearsago, in Stockholm, Stanley, my wife and I strolled in the King's Garden. Its elmtrees were full 7 J. Seckbach et al. (eds. ), Life in the Universe,7-8. C 2004 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the Netherlands. 8 of young people who, some even spending nights in the trees, prevented the authorities from removing the elmtrees, by ax and saw. Also Stanley signed a petition to save the elmtrees-andtheyweresaved! Stanley, I believe that your greatness as a scientist and as a friend must be linked to the many facets of your wonderful personality. We much look forward to your lecture. THE BEGINNING OF CHEMICAL EVOLUTION EXPERIMENTS Recollections and Perspectives 1 2 3 S. L. MILLER, J. L. BADA, and A.