Chemical And Physical Methods Of The Templated Direction Of Block Copolymers
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Chemical And Physical Methods Of The Templated Direction Of Block Copolymers
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Author : Samuel Mospens Nicaise
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Chemical And Physical Methods Of The Templated Direction Of Block Copolymers written by Samuel Mospens Nicaise and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
This thesis discusses the investigation of various aspects of templated self-assembly of block copolymer (BCP) thin films for nanofeature fabrication. Two chapters outline the research of a combined physical and chemical templating method with two BCPs. The method was not effective in templating poly(styrene-block-methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PMMA) BCP because of limited template wettability. The method effectively templated poly(octofluro pentamethacrylate-block-hydroxystyrene) (OFPMA-b-HSM) BCP to fabricate orthogonally-directed lamellar microdomains and nanohole-mesh arrays. Chapter 4 discusses the achievement of a mean overlay accuracy of 52 nm and 0' for two electron-beam-based lithographic features as a result of an investigated overlay process. Lastly, the thesis reports the fabrication of a wide-range of nanofeatures - from two-dimensional and three dimensional nanoholes arrays to elliptical and cylindrical meshes - by the sacrificial-post templating method with poly(styreneblock- dimethylsiloxane) (PS-b-PDMS) BCP.
Block Copolymers
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Author : Francisco Balta Calleja
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2000-06-09
Block Copolymers written by Francisco Balta Calleja and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-06-09 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A summary of block copolymer chemical structures and synthesis. It discusses physical methods of characterization such as computer simulation, microhardness, dielectric spectroscopy, thermal mechanical relaxation, ultrasonic characterization, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray scattering, and NMR, among others. It also outlines rheological and processing parameters in the multiphase polymer systems with stable microstructures.
Block Copolymers
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Author : Nikos Hadjichristidis
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2003-04-28
Block Copolymers written by Nikos Hadjichristidis and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-04-28 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Polymers may be classified as either homopolymers, consisting of one single repeating unit, or copolymers, consisting of two or more distinct repeating units. Block copolymers contain long contiguous blocks of two or more repeating units in the same polymer chain. Covering one of the hottest topics in polymer chemistry, Block Copolymers provides a coherent overview of the synthetic routes, physical properties, and applications of block copolymers. This pioneering text provides not only a guideline for developing synthetic strategies for creating block copolymers with defined characteristics, but also a key to the relationship between the physical properties of block copolymers and the structure and dynamics of materials. Covering features of the chemistry and physics of block copolymers that are not found in comparable texts, Block Copolymers illustrates the structure-activity relationship of block copolymers and offers suggestions for the design of specific applications. Divided into five sections-Block Copolymers includes chapters on: * Block Copolymers by Chemical Modification of Precursor Polymers * Nonlinear Block Copolymers * Adsorption of Block Copolymers at Solid-Liquid Interfaces * Theory of Block Copolymer Segregation * Phase Transformation Kinetics * Block Copolymer Morphology * Block Copolymer Dynamics Polymer chemists, physicists, chemical engineers, and materials scientists, as well as graduate students in polymer science, will find Block Copolymers to be an invaluable text.
Block Copolymers In Solution
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Author : Ian W. Hamley
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2005-09-02
Block Copolymers In Solution written by Ian W. Hamley and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-09-02 with Science categories.
This unique text discusses the solution self-assembly of block copolymers and covers all aspects from basic physical chemistry to applications in soft nanotechnology. Recent advances have enabled the preparation of new materials with novel self-assembling structures, functionality and responsiveness and there have also been concomitant advances in theory and modelling. The present text covers the principles of self-assembly in both dilute and concentrated solution, for example micellization and mesophase formation, etc., in chapters 2 and 3 respectively. Chapter 4 covers polyelectrolyte block copolymers - these materials are attracting significant attention from researchers and a solid basis for understanding their physical chemistry is emerging, and this is discussed. The next chapter discusses adsorption of block copolymers from solution at liquid and solid interfaces. The concluding chapter presents a discussion of selected applications, focussing on several important new concepts. The book is aimed at researchers in polymer science as well as industrial scientists involved in the polymer and coatings industries. It will also be of interest to scientists working in soft matter self-assembly and self-organizing polymers.
Block Copolymer Templated Nitrogen Enriched Nanocarbons
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Author : Mingjiang Zhong
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Block Copolymer Templated Nitrogen Enriched Nanocarbons written by Mingjiang Zhong and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Block copolymers categories.
"Reversible-deactivation radical polymerization (RDRP), also referred to as controlled/"living" radical polymerization (CRP) has been developed over the past 20 years. RDRP promotes the synthesis of well-defined polymeric materials with controlled molecular weights and molecular weight distributions, complex topologies and functionalities. In the past decade, the Matyjaszewski and Kowalewski groups pioneered the work of synthesizing nanostructured carbon by pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) containing polymeric precursors prepared via RDRP. My contribution to this topic was primarily focused on the following aspects: (1) optimization of the synthetic procedure, (2) deeper investigation of the structures, (3) exploration of the surface chemistry with particular emphasis of nitrogen functionality, (4) and energy related applications. This thesis first focuses on addressing current challenges in RDRP particularly in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), one of the most robust RDRP techniques. Based on the development of a deep mechanistic understanding of RDRP's, ATRP was then used for the synthesis of PAN containing block copolymers followed by applying a series of analytical tools to provide detailed physical characterization. Finally, these materials were utilized as precursors for the formation of nanocarbons that were evaluated in various energy related applications. The development of nanostructured carbon materials from PAN precursors is discussed in Chapter 1. Particular emphasis is placed on the rational structural design of PAN containing polymeric precursors developed in the Matyjaszewski and Kowalewski groups, while the detailed synthetic methodology will be discussed in the subsequent chapters. Controlled synthesis is the prerequisite for many applications. The successful preparation of block copolymers via RDRP requires preparation of a macroinitiator with preserved chain end functionality (CEF). Work described in Chapter 2 resulted in the establishment of a universal rule for quantifying the CEF in all RDRPs, which is also the most important criterion for determining the "livingness" and degree of control over the polymerization. The parameters affecting the level of CEF preservation are determined. Another challenge in ATRP is diminishing the concentration of catalyst employed during the polymerization procedure in order to reduce the cost and simplify the purification steps. Chapter 3 describes the systematic study of RDRP in the presence of zerovalent copper, which offers significant advantages in this regard. The contribution of all of the potential reactions occurring in an ATRP carried out in the presence of copper zero were evaluated, and a supplemental activator and reducing agent (SARA) ATRP mechanism is concluded to precisely describe this system. How to conduct and optimize SARA ATRP system is then demonstrated. Chapter 4 is focused on another aspect of the robust capability of ATRP : controlling the molecular weight distribution. Activator regeneration electron transfer (ARGET) ATRP was employed to prepare polystyrene-block-poly(methyl acrylate) copolymers with tunable dispersity in the range of 1.32 to 2.0 for each block. Knowledge attained from the studies discussed in Chapter 2 to 4 has been extensively utilized in the studies of nanocarbons. Chapter 5 discusses the preparation of a series of PAN containing diblock copolymers that were used as precursors for the preparation of nanocarbons. The block copolymers undergo phase separation and then the poly(n-butyl acrylate) serves as a sacrificial segment upon pyrolysis. Both thin film and bulk nanocarbons with diverse morphologies, resembling the original phase-separated copolymer precursors, were prepared. The carbonization of bulk copolymer precursors with branched PAN domains was of particular interest; which resulted in the formation of porous nanocarbons with large surface area and highly accessible nitrogen functionality originating from PAN. Chapter 6 illustrates how porosity and accessible nitrogen functionality in the nanocarbon introduced in Chapter 5 can be utilized for CO2 capture. The main emphasis was placed on the surface area and nitrogen content's influence on adsorption capacity and selectivity was studied. Chapter 7 discusses the application of PAN-derived nanocarbons as electrode materials for supercapacitors. Materials displaying both high energy density and high power density were achieved. This excellent performance was partially due to the mesoporous structure with high specific surface area, in combination with the pseudocapacitance originating from graphitic edge nitrogens. Evidence of electrochemical activity of the nitrogen heteroatoms provided the motivation to explore the performance of copolymer templated nanocarbon as an electrocatalyst for oxygen reduction, as described in Chapter 8. A desirable 4-electron transfer process with a low overpotential system was achieved by as-prepared nanocarbon film with porous morphology; which again, demonstrates one of the unique properties of nanocarbons prepared from PAN containing block copolymer precursors. Finally, a summary is provided in Chapter 9 and some future directions regarding synthesis and utility of heteroatom-enriched nanocarbons are discussed."--Pages ii-v.
Functional Synthetic Polymers
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Author : Johannes Karl Fink
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2019-05-21
Functional Synthetic Polymers written by Johannes Karl Fink and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-21 with Science categories.
The text focuses on the basic issues and also the literature of the past decade. The book provides a broad overview of functional synthetic polymers. Special issues in the text are: Surface functionalization supramolecular polymers, shape memory polymers, foldable polymers, functionalized biopolymers, supercapacitors, photovoltaic issues, lithography, cleaning methods, such as recovery of gold ions olefin/paraffin, separation by polymeric membranes, ultrafiltration membranes, and other related topics.
Block Copolymers Ii
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Author : Volker Abetz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2005-12-02
Block Copolymers Ii written by Volker Abetz and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
. A.J. M ller, V. Balsamo, M.L. Arnal: Nucleation and Crystallization in Diblock and Triblock Copolymers.- 2 J.-F. Gohy: Block Copolymer Micelles.- 3 M.A. Hillmyer: Nanoporous Materials from Block Copolymer Precursors.- 4 M. Li, C. Coenjarts, C.K. Ober: Patternable Block Copolymers.-
Block Polymers
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Author : American Chemical Society. Meeting
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Block Polymers written by American Chemical Society. Meeting and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with Block copolymers categories.
Polymer Science A Comprehensive Reference
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Newnes
Release Date : 2012-12-05
Polymer Science A Comprehensive Reference written by and has been published by Newnes this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-05 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The progress in polymer science is revealed in the chapters of Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, Ten Volume Set. In Volume 1, this is reflected in the improved understanding of the properties of polymers in solution, in bulk and in confined situations such as in thin films. Volume 2 addresses new characterization techniques, such as high resolution optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other procedures for surface and interface characterization. Volume 3 presents the great progress achieved in precise synthetic polymerization techniques for vinyl monomers to control macromolecular architecture: the development of metallocene and post-metallocene catalysis for olefin polymerization, new ionic polymerization procedures, and atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer systems as the most often used controlled/living radical polymerization methods. Volume 4 is devoted to kinetics, mechanisms and applications of ring opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers and cycloolefins (ROMP), as well as to various less common polymerization techniques. Polycondensation and non-chain polymerizations, including dendrimer synthesis and various "click" procedures, are covered in Volume 5. Volume 6 focuses on several aspects of controlled macromolecular architectures and soft nano-objects including hybrids and bioconjugates. Many of the achievements would have not been possible without new characterization techniques like AFM that allowed direct imaging of single molecules and nano-objects with a precision available only recently. An entirely new aspect in polymer science is based on the combination of bottom-up methods such as polymer synthesis and molecularly programmed self-assembly with top-down structuring such as lithography and surface templating, as presented in Volume 7. It encompasses polymer and nanoparticle assembly in bulk and under confined conditions or influenced by an external field, including thin films, inorganic-organic hybrids, or nanofibers. Volume 8 expands these concepts focusing on applications in advanced technologies, e.g. in electronic industry and centers on combination with top down approach and functional properties like conductivity. Another type of functionality that is of rapidly increasing importance in polymer science is introduced in volume 9. It deals with various aspects of polymers in biology and medicine, including the response of living cells and tissue to the contact with biofunctional particles and surfaces. The last volume is devoted to the scope and potential provided by environmentally benign and green polymers, as well as energy-related polymers. They discuss new technologies needed for a sustainable economy in our world of limited resources. Provides broad and in-depth coverage of all aspects of polymer science from synthesis/polymerization, properties, and characterization methods and techniques to nanostructures, sustainability and energy, and biomedical uses of polymers Provides a definitive source for those entering or researching in this area by integrating the multidisciplinary aspects of the science into one unique, up-to-date reference work Electronic version has complete cross-referencing and multi-media components Volume editors are world experts in their field (including a Nobel Prize winner)
Nanobiomaterials
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Author : Roger Narayan
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2017-09-15
Nanobiomaterials written by Roger Narayan and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Nanobiomaterials: Nanostructured materials for biomedical applications covers an extensive range of topics related to the processing, characterization, modeling, and biomedical applications of nanostructured ceramics, polymers, metals, composites, self-assembled materials, and macromolecules. Novel approaches for bottom-up and top-down processing of nanostructured biomaterials are highlighted. In addition, innovative techniques for characterizing the in vitro behavior and in vivo behavior of nanostructured biomaterials are considered. Applications of nanostructured biomaterials in dentistry, drug delivery, medical diagnostics, surgery and tissue engineering are examined. Provides a concise description of the materials and technologies used in the development of nanostructured biomaterials Provides industrial researchers with an up-to-date and handy reference on current topics in the field of nanostructured biomaterials Includes an integrated approach that is used to discuss both the biological and engineering aspects of nanostructured biomaterials