Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria
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Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria
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Author : Tateo Yamanaka
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2010-10-21
Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria written by Tateo Yamanaka and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-10-21 with Science categories.
Bacteria change the surface of the Earth. All kinds of bacteria reside in the biosphere, and although sometimes they may cause damage, they also help in cleaning the surface of the Earth and in the circulation of various substances. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria in particular have a unique and intimate relationship with inorganic substances and human beings. This book covers in detail advances in the biochemistry and physiology of several chemolithoautotrophic bacteria as well as their relationship to certain environments. Included are recent findings regarding the oxidation mechanisms of ammonia, nitrite, sulfur compounds, and ferrous iron by special bacteria. The characteristics of many cytochromes are described to further advance the understanding of bacterial oxidation systems of inorganic compounds. Applications of bacteria, such as in sewage treatment and in biohydometallurgy, among others, are detailed, and bacteria considered closest to the origins of life are discussed in the final chapter.
Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria
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Author : Tateo Yamanaka
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2008-08-28
Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria written by Tateo Yamanaka and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-08-28 with Science categories.
Bacteria change the surface of the Earth. All kinds of bacteria reside in the biosphere, and although sometimes they may cause damage, they also help in cleaning the surface of the Earth and in the circulation of various substances. Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria in particular have a unique and intimate relationship with inorganic substances and human beings. This book covers in detail advances in the biochemistry and physiology of several chemolithoautotrophic bacteria as well as their relationship to certain environments. Included are recent findings regarding the oxidation mechanisms of ammonia, nitrite, sulfur compounds, and ferrous iron by special bacteria. The characteristics of many cytochromes are described to further advance the understanding of bacterial oxidation systems of inorganic compounds. Applications of bacteria, such as in sewage treatment and in biohydometallurgy, among others, are detailed, and bacteria considered closest to the origins of life are discussed in the final chapter.
The Oxidation Of Arsenopyrite And Stibnite By Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria And Some Related Studies
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Author : Orpah Zinyemba
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
The Oxidation Of Arsenopyrite And Stibnite By Chemolithoautotrophic Bacteria And Some Related Studies written by Orpah Zinyemba and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
Physiology And Molecular Ecology Of Chemolithoautotrophic Nitrate Reducing Bacteria At Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Physiology And Molecular Ecology Of Chemolithoautotrophic Nitrate Reducing Bacteria At Deep Sea Hydrothermal Vents written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Bacteria categories.
At hydrothermal vent systems, the ability of microorganisms to use sulfur containing compounds for metabolic purposes has been long established while little is known regarding nitrogen metabolism. The objective of this thesis was to gain a better understanding of how microorganisms are involved in the cycling of nitrogen at deep sea hydrothermal vents through culture dependent and independent methods, isolation of novel nitrate reducing microorganisms, and phylogenetic surveys (16S rRNA gene, citrate lyase (aclA and aclB), and periplasmic nitrate reductase (napA)) of isolates and environmental samples. Sulfide, fluid, and bacterial filament samples from three separate hydrothermal vent sites (Rainbow, Logatchev, and Broken Spur) along the Mid Atlantic Ridge (MAR) and from 9° N on the East Pacific Rise (EPR) were used for isolation and phylogenetic surveys. Several novel autotrophic nitrate ammonifying bacterial strains belonging to the Epsilonproteobacteria were isolated with strain TB2 described as a new species, Caminibacter mediatlanticus. Phylogenetic surveys of the 16S rRNA gene, aclB, and napA showed the dominance of C. mediatlanticus related organisms at the Rainbow hydrothermal vent system indicating that we had successfully isolated an environmentally relevant organism. The environmental survey for napA was the first to be completed for deep sea hydrothermal vents. The phylogenetic survey of napA in reference organisms and environmental samples indicated that there is a wide diversity of Epsilonproteobacterial related sequences present at hydrothermal vents, with the greatest diversity seen within the mesophilic temperature range. It also appears that the periplasmic nitrate reductase gene (napA) is possibly being laterally transferred between members among the Epsilonproteobacteria.
Genetic Manipulation Of The Obligate Chemolithoautotrophic Bacterium Thiobacillus Denitrificans
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Genetic Manipulation Of The Obligate Chemolithoautotrophic Bacterium Thiobacillus Denitrificans written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Chemolithoautotrophic bacteria can be of industrial and environmental importance, but they present a challenge for systems biology studies, as their central metabolism deviates from that of model organisms and there is a much less extensive experimental basis for their gene annotation than for typical organoheterotrophs. For microbes with sequenced genomes but unconventional metabolism, the ability to create knockout mutations can be a powerful tool for functional genomics and thereby render an organism more amenable to systems biology approaches. In this chapter, we describe a genetic system for Thiobacillus denitrificans, with which insertion mutations can be introduced by homologous recombination and complemented in trans. Insertion mutations are generated by in vitro transposition, the mutated genes are amplified by the PCR, and the amplicons are introduced into T. denitrificans by electroporation. Use of a complementation vector, pTL2, based on the IncP plasmid pRR10 is also addressed.
Thermophilic Bacteria
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Author : Jakob K. Kristjansson
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2021-01-31
Thermophilic Bacteria written by Jakob K. Kristjansson and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-31 with Science categories.
Thermophilic Bacteria is a comprehensive volume that describes all major bacterial groups that can grow above 60-65°C (excluding the Archaea). Over 60 different species of aerobic and anaerobic thermophilic bacteria are covered. Isolation, growth methods, characterization and identification, ecology, metabolism, and enzymology of thermophilic bacteria are examined in detail, and an extensive compilation of recent biotechnological applications and the properties of many thermostable enzymes are also included. Major topics discussed in the book include a general review on thermophilic bacteria and archaea; heterotropic bacilli; the genus Thermus; new and rare genera of aerobic heterophophs, such as Saccharococcus, Rhodothermus, and Scotohermus; aerobic chemolithoautotrophic thermophilic bacteria; obligately anaerobic thermophilic bacteria; and hyperthermophilic Thermotogales and thermophilic phototrophs. Extensive bibliographies are also provided for each chapter. The vast amount of information packed into this one volume makes it essential for all microbiologists, biochemists, molecular biologists, and students interested in the expanding field of thermophilicity. Biotechnologists will find the book useful as a source of information on thermophiles or thermostable enzymes of possible industrial use.
Whole Genome Transcriptional Analysis Of Chemolithoautotrophic Thiosulfate Oxidation By Thiobacillus Denitrificans Under Aerobic Vs Denitrifying Conditions
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Whole Genome Transcriptional Analysis Of Chemolithoautotrophic Thiosulfate Oxidation By Thiobacillus Denitrificans Under Aerobic Vs Denitrifying Conditions written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Thiobacillus denitrificans is one of the few known obligate chemolithoautotrophic bacteria capable of energetically coupling thiosulfate oxidation to denitrification as well as aerobic respiration. As very little is known about the differential expression of genes associated with ke chemolithoautotrophic functions (such as sulfur-compound oxidation and CO2 fixation) under aerobic versus denitrifying conditions, we conducted whole-genome, cDNA microarray studies to explore this topic systematically. The microarrays identified 277 genes (approximately ten percent of the genome) as differentially expressed using Robust Multi-array Average statistical analysis and a 2-fold cutoff. Genes upregulated (ca. 6- to 150-fold) under aerobic conditions included a cluster of genes associated with iron acquisition (e.g., siderophore-related genes), a cluster of cytochrome cbb3 oxidase genes, cbbL and cbbS (encoding the large and small subunits of form I ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, or RubisCO), and multiple molecular chaperone genes. Genes upregulated (ca. 4- to 95-fold) under denitrifying conditions included nar, nir, and nor genes (associated respectively with nitrate reductase, nitrite reductase, and nitric oxide reductase, which catalyze successive steps of denitrification), cbbM (encoding form II RubisCO), and genes involved with sulfur-compound oxidation (including two physically separated but highly similar copies of sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase and of dsrC, associated with dissimilatory sulfite reductase). Among genes associated with denitrification, relative expression levels (i.e., degree of upregulation with nitrate) tended to decrease in the order nar> nir> nor> nos. Reverse transcription, quantitative PCR analysis was used to validate these trends.
Encyclopedia Of Astrobiology
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Author : Ricardo Amils
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2021-01-14
Encyclopedia Of Astrobiology written by Ricardo Amils and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-14 with Science categories.
The interdisciplinary field of Astrobiology constitutes a joint arena where provocative discoveries are coalescing concerning, e.g. the prevalence of exoplanets, the diversity and hardiness of life, and its increasingly likely chances for its emergence. Biologists, astrophysicists, biochemists, geoscientists and space scientists share this exciting mission of revealing the origin and commonality of life in the Universe. The members of the different disciplines are used to their own terminology and technical language. In the interdisciplinary environment many terms either have redundant meanings or are completely unfamiliar to members of other disciplines. The Encyclopedia of Astrobiology serves as the key to a common understanding. Each new or experienced researcher and graduate student in adjacent fields of astrobiology will appreciate this reference work in the quest to understand the big picture. The carefully selected group of active researchers contributing to this work and the expert field editors intend for their contributions, from an internationally comprehensive perspective, to accelerate the interdisciplinary advance of astrobiology.
Bacterial Physiology And Metabolism
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Author : Byung Hong Kim
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2008-02-21
Bacterial Physiology And Metabolism written by Byung Hong Kim and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-02-21 with Science categories.
Recent determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria has made in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function essential in order to give biochemical, physiological, and ecological meaning to the genomic information. Clearly describing the important metabolic processes that occur in prokaryotes under different conditions and in different environments, this advanced text provides an overview of the key cellular processes that determine bacterial roles in the environment, biotechnology, and human health. Prokaryotic structure is described as well as the means by which nutrients are transported into cells across membranes. Glucose metabolism through glycolysis and the TCA cycle are discussed, as well as other trophic variations found in prokaryotes, including the use of organic compounds, anaerobic fermentation, anaerobic respiratory processes, and photosynthesis. The regulation of metabolism through control of gene expression and control of the activity of enzymes is also covered, as well as survival mechanisms used under starvation conditions.
Advances In Microbial Physiology
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-04-28
Advances In Microbial Physiology written by and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-04-28 with Science categories.
Advances in Microbial Physiology, Volume 150 in this important serial, highlights new advances in the field with this new volume including content by an international board of authors. Chapters in this new release include Organization of respiratory chains in the bacterial cell, Anaerobic methane oxidizing archaea, Dawn of the DedA: the structure and function of the DedA family of integral membrane proteins associated with bacterial viability and antimicrobial resistance, Nickel, an essential virulence determinant of Helicobacter pylori: trafficking pathways and their targeting by bismuth, Dissimilatory sulfur compounds oxidation in thermophilic and chemolithoautotrophic bacteria belonging to the Aquificales order, and much more. Provides the authority and expertise of leading contributors from an international board of authors Presents the latest release in Advances in Microbial Physiology serial