Children And Secondhand Smoke Exposure
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The Health Consequences Of Involuntary Exposure To Tobacco Smoke
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
The Health Consequences Of Involuntary Exposure To Tobacco Smoke written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Passive smoking categories.
This Surgeon General's report returns to the topic of the health effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. The last comprehensive review of this evidence by the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) was in the 1986 Surgeon General's report, The Health Consequences of Involuntary Smoking, published 20 years ago this year. This new report updates the evidence of the harmful effects of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke. This large body of research findings is captured in an accompanying dynamic database that profiles key epidemiologic findings, and allows the evidence on health effects of exposure to tobacco smoke to be synthesized and updated (following the format of the 2004 report, The Health Consequences of Smoking). The database enables users to explore the data and studies supporting the conclusions in the report. The database is available on the Web site of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco.
Children And Secondhand Smoke Exposure
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Author : Janice R. Harrington
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Children And Secondhand Smoke Exposure written by Janice R. Harrington and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with Children categories.
Today, massive and conclusive scientific evidence documents the serious health risks that second-hand smoke poses to children, and the list of these health conditions has lengthened. The 2006 Surgeon General's report on The Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure to Tobacco Smoke concludes that children who are exposed to second-hand smoke are at an increased risk for sudden infant death syndrome, lower respiratory infections, middle ear disease, more severe asthma, respiratory symptoms, and slowed lung growth. Because their respiratory, immune, and nervous systems are still developing, children are especially vulnerable to the health effects of second-hand smoke. In addition, young children typically are exposed to second-hand smoke involuntarily and have limited options for avoiding exposure. They depend on their parents and on adults around them for protection.
Children And Secondhand Smoke Exposure
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Children And Secondhand Smoke Exposure written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Passive smoking in children categories.
This excerpt from The health consequences of involuntary exposure to tobacco smoke highlights the serious health risks that secondhand smoke exposure poses to children and the need to extend the same protections to them that many U.S. adults already enjoy.
Effectiveness Of Smoke Free Legislation On Second Hand Smoke Exposure Of Children
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Author : Wing-Ying Joanne Kwok
language : en
Publisher: Open Dissertation Press
Release Date : 2017-01-27
Effectiveness Of Smoke Free Legislation On Second Hand Smoke Exposure Of Children written by Wing-Ying Joanne Kwok and has been published by Open Dissertation Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-27 with categories.
This dissertation, "Effectiveness of Smoke-free Legislation on Second Hand Smoke Exposure of Children: a Systematic Review" by Wing-ying, Joanne, Kwok, 郭詠瑩, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Background: The tobacco epidemic causes a major burden to long-term global public health. Second hand smoke is one of the modifiable exposures causing adverse health effects to children; 40% of children in the world are regularly exposed to second hand smoke and children account for more than a quarter of all deaths from second hand smoke exposure. The global burden highlights the importance of implementation and enforcement of comprehensive smoke-free legislation. Despite smoke-free legislation having been shown to have a positive effect in reducing the prevalence of tobacco consumption and second hand smoke exposure, displacement of smoking from enclosed public places to homes after implementation of smoke-free legislation might increase second hand smoke exposure in children. Objectives: This systematic review aims to investigate the effect of smoke-free legislation on second hand smoke exposure in children and to explore the potential risk factors that may affect its effectiveness. Methods: Studies were searched in online electronic databases, PubMed and EMBASE Classic+ EMBASE 1980-via Ovid (from 1980 to 2014) under the Library website of the University of Hong Kong, by keyword search, hand search of references and Google Scholar for relevant articles published from 2004 to present. Observational studies assessing the effect of smoke-free legislation on second hand smoke exposure in children assessed from cotinine measured before and after the introduction of smoke-free legislation were included. Results: This systematic reviewed identified 8 relevant studies. 3 were assessed as good quality and 5 as average quality. All selected studies reported a decrease in the geometric mean of cotinine concentration after the implementation of smoke-free legislation, but only one of them showed that the reduction in cotinine concentration was significantly reduced from 0.3ng/ml to 0.2ng/ml. An increase in the percentage of cotinine concentrations below the limit of detection and a decrease in the percentage of harmful levels of cotinine concentration were also found. Lower socioeconomic status, more parental smokers and low level of home smoking restriction affected the reduction in second hand smoke exposure after implementation of smoke-free legislation. Conclusion: Smoke-free legislation has a positive effect towards reduction in second hand smoke exposure in children. There is no evidence supporting the possibility that smokers displace tobacco consumption from public areas to their homes after implementation of smoke-free legislation in Western settings. Whether more effort to encourage smoking cessation among parents and other family members living with children would be particularly effective in reducing the public health burden of tobacco consumption should be investigated. Further tobacco control strategies are suggested to work comprehensively with smoke-free legislation to further reduce the global burden of tobacco epidemic. DOI: 10.5353/th_b5320396 Subjects: Passive smoking in children Smoking - Law and legislation
Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Cardiovascular Effects
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-02-21
Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Cardiovascular Effects written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-02-21 with Medical categories.
Data suggest that exposure to secondhand smoke can result in heart disease in nonsmoking adults. Recently, progress has been made in reducing involuntary exposure to secondhand smoke through legislation banning smoking in workplaces, restaurants, and other public places. The effect of legislation to ban smoking and its effects on the cardiovascular health of nonsmoking adults, however, remains a question. Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects reviews available scientific literature to assess the relationship between secondhand smoke exposure and acute coronary events. The authors, experts in secondhand smoke exposure and toxicology, clinical cardiology, epidemiology, and statistics, find that there is about a 25 to 30 percent increase in the risk of coronary heart disease from exposure to secondhand smoke. Their findings agree with the 2006 Surgeon General's Report conclusion that there are increased risks of coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among men and women exposed to secondhand smoke. However, the authors note that the evidence for determining the magnitude of the relationship between chronic secondhand smoke exposure and coronary heart disease is not very strong. Public health professionals will rely upon Secondhand Smoke Exposure and Cardiovascular Effects for its survey of critical epidemiological studies on the effects of smoking bans and evidence of links between secondhand smoke exposure and cardiovascular events, as well as its findings and recommendations.
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease
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Author : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Government publications categories.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure In Children Aged 3 19 Years With And Without Asthma In The United States 1999 2010
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Author : Kenneth B. Quinto
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure In Children Aged 3 19 Years With And Without Asthma In The United States 1999 2010 written by Kenneth B. Quinto and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Asthma in children categories.
Secondhand Smoking And Infant Growth
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Author : Shamsi Azar
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2015-07-23
Secondhand Smoking And Infant Growth written by Shamsi Azar and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-23 with categories.
According to the 2014 Surgeon General's Report, there have been more than 20 million smoking-related deaths in the United States since 1964; 2.5 million of those deaths were among non-smokers who died from exposure to secondhand smoke. During that same time, 100,000 babies have died due to parental smoking.Tobacco smoke hurts infants. infants who are exposed to secondhand tobacco smoke breathe the same dangerous chemicals that smoker's inhale. Several studies have shown that negative impact of second-hand smoke cigarettes on weight, height and head circumference of infants that unfortunately negative effects will be long-term on children's life.This effect is more visible, especially during lactation because Children from two sources of air and breast milk is affected by secondhand smoke The main place where young children are exposed to secondhand smoke is at home.Smoke-free home and vehicle rules help protect children and adults . Learn more about the health effects of secondhand smoke and ways to fully protect nonsmokers from secondhand smoke exposure with materials such as this book that focus on protecting infants and children from exposure to secondhand smoke.
Perceptions Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Smoking Among Hong Kong Children
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Author : Man-ping Wang (M. Phil.)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Perceptions Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Smoking Among Hong Kong Children written by Man-ping Wang (M. Phil.) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Children categories.
Perceptions Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Smoking Among Hong Kong Children
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Author : Man-Ping Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-01-26
Perceptions Secondhand Smoke Exposure And Smoking Among Hong Kong Children written by Man-Ping Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-26 with categories.