Chile And The Cgiar Centers

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Chile And The Cgiar Centers

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Author : Eduardo Venezian L.
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987

Chile And The Cgiar Centers written by Eduardo Venezian L. and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This paper examines the collaboration efforts in Chile between the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) and the International Agricultural Research Centers (IARCs). Divided into three primary sections, the first section provides an overview of NARS. The second section, discusses the impact of IARCs on NARS, and finally, the last section discusses research impacts on agricultural production. It is concluded that IARCs have had a positive impact through the provision of biological materials, training and staff exchanges, promotion of international contacts and assistance in research techniques. IARCs have also helped with the development of adopted foreign technologies such as machinery, pesticides and irrigation equipment. Although this has yet to translate into agricultural production increases, the recent changes in pricing and foreign trade policies provide favorable conditions. The research generated technologies, however, must be effectively adopted by farmers.

Partners In Research

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Author : Grant McDonald Scobie
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987

Partners In Research written by Grant McDonald Scobie and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Technology & Engineering categories.

After decades of neglect, the agricultural sector in many countries of Latin America is receiving renewed attention. As part of this, the establishment and consolidation in Latin America of three international centers funded through the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR) account for a small but significant part of the growth in agricultural research. The importance of the centers lies not in the additional funding they bring, but rather in their collaboration with national research programs. There is increasing evidence that these centers have helped to expand the capacity of many national programs, especially in the numerous smaller countries. Their sustained funding, apolitical nature and international scientific linkages have added an important dimension to the region's own enhanced capacity for agricultural research. The accelerated growth in the yields and output of staple foods in Latin America achieved over the past decade is striking testimony to the strengthened national research programs which are receiving, testing, adapting and releasing technologies developed through their collaboration with international centers.

Publications Of The International Agricultural Research And Development Centers

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: IRRI
Release Date : 1989

Publications Of The International Agricultural Research And Development Centers written by and has been published by IRRI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with Agriculture categories.

The International Agricultural Research Centers

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Author : Robert Eugene Evenson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987

The International Agricultural Research Centers written by Robert Eugene Evenson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Since CGIAR centers have been in existence for a number of years, this paper addresses the impact of these centers on national research and extension programs and crop productivity. The study estimates that the CGIAR Centers have had a positive impact on investment in national research programs in each of the crops for which CGIAR crop programs exist except cassava. Estimates for livestock and horticultural crop research programs show a significant positive CGIAR impact as well. National extension spending is also stimulated by CGIAR programs. These estimates are based on an econometric specification that takes into account the impact of several economic development aid initiatives in addition to the activities of the CGIAR impacts. The study estimates that CGIAR Center programs have had significant impacts on crop productivity for maize, millets, sorghum, rice, wheat, beans, cassava and potatoes in all the regions studied. National research programs have had a positive impact on crop productivity in most of these crops as well. In addition, national extension programs have been productive in some crops. These estimates are based on crop production data in 25 countries.

Development And Spread Of Improved Maize Varieties And Hybrids In Developing Countries

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Author : David Harry Timothy
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988

Development And Spread Of Improved Maize Varieties And Hybrids In Developing Countries written by David Harry Timothy and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Corn categories.

Isnar Agricultural Research Indicator Series

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Author : Philip G. Pardey
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2004-01-05

Isnar Agricultural Research Indicator Series written by Philip G. Pardey and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-01-05 with Nature categories.

Fully-sourced country-specific files on the basic resources committed to national agricultural research systems for 154 developing and developed countries.

Science And Environment In Chile

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Author : Javiera Barandiaran
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2018-07-31

Science And Environment In Chile written by Javiera Barandiaran and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-31 with Political Science categories.

The politics of scientific advice across four environmental conflicts in Chile, when the state acted as a “neutral broker” rather than protecting the common good. In Science and Environment in Chile, Javiera Barandiarán examines the consequences for environmental governance when the state lacks the capacity to produce an authoritative body of knowledge. Focusing on the experience of Chile after it transitioned from dictatorship to democracy, she examines a series of environmental conflicts in which the state tried to act as a “neutral broker” rather than the protector of the common good. She argues that this shift in the role of the state—occurring in other countries as well—is driven in part by the political ideology of neoliberalism, which favors market mechanisms and private initiatives over the actions of state agencies. Chile has not invested in environmental science labs, state agencies with in-house capacities, or an ancillary network of trusted scientific advisers—despite the growing complexity of environmental problems and increasing popular demand for more active environmental stewardship. Unlike a high modernist “empire” state with the scientific and technical capacity to undertake large-scale projects, Chile's model has been that of an “umpire” state that purchases scientific advice from markets. After describing the evolution of Chilean regulatory and scientific institutions during the transition, Barandiarán describes four environmental crises that shook citizens' trust in government: the near-collapse of the farmed salmon industry when an epidemic killed millions of fish; pollution from a paper and pulp mill that killed off or forced out thousands of black-neck swans; a gold mine that threatened three glaciers; and five controversial mega-dams in Patagonia.

A Survey Of Agricultural Economics Literature

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Author : Lee R. Martin
language : en
Publisher: U of Minnesota Press
Release Date : 1992

A Survey Of Agricultural Economics Literature written by Lee R. Martin and has been published by U of Minnesota Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Technology & Engineering categories.

Deregulating Technology Transfer In Agriculture

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Author : David Gisselquist
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999

Deregulating Technology Transfer In Agriculture written by David Gisselquist and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Agricultura - Turquia categories.

Making Nature Shaping Culture

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Author :
language : en
Publisher: U of Nebraska Press
Release Date : 1995-01-01

Making Nature Shaping Culture written by and has been published by U of Nebraska Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-01-01 with Science categories.

For ages, farmers have domesticated plant varieties, while scientists have "made" nature through hybridization and other processes. This give and take-mediated through negotiations, persuasion, the marketplace, and even coercion-has resulted in what we call "nature" and has led to a homogenization of plant crops. Yet homogenization has led to new problems: genetic vulnerability, and the lack of systems to maintain plant germplasm of varieties no longer grown in the fields. This book addresses issues previously viewed as primarily technical concerning the germplasm debate: that is, how, what, and where to store the range of genetic materials necessary to reproduce plants. By examining Brazil, Chile, France, and the United States, the authors show how different cultures respond to the decline in genetic diversity. The findings show that the quest for uniformity in foods, agriculture, and environment eventually threatens everyone. The politicization of this debate is inevitable because the destruction of human cultural diversity goes hand in hand with the destruction of plant varietal diversity. The authors agree that responses to the controversies must involve food security, relinking of food with agriculture and the environment, revaluing traditional knowledge, and rethinking development. They stress that answers will be found not by experts acting unilaterally but through the democratization of scientific and technical exchange. Lawrence Busch is professor of sociology at Michigan State University. William B. Lacy is director of the Cooperative Extension Service at Cornell University. Jeffrey Burkhardt is a professor of agricultural economics at the Institute for Food and AgriculturalSciences at the University of Florida. Douglas Hemken is a Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Rural Sociology at the University of Wisconsin. Jubel Moraga-Rojel is professor of sociology at the Universidade Australe del Chile. Timothy Koponen is a Ph.D. candidate in sociology at Northwestern University and Josi de Souza Silva is with the Commission on Plant Genetic Resources at FAO in Rome.