Cold Gas At High Redshift
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Cold Gas At High Redshift
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Author : M.N. Bremer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Cold Gas At High Redshift written by M.N. Bremer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Recent years have seen increasing evidence that the main epoch of galaxy formation in the universe may be directly accessible to observation. An gular fluctuations in the background relict radiation have been detected by various ground-based instruments as well as by the COBE satellite, and suggest that the epoch of galaxy formation was not so very early. Combined optical and radio studies have found galaxies at redshifts above 2. 0, systems that at least superficially show the characteristics expected of large galaxies seen only shortly after their formation. And absorption lines in the spectra of quasars seem to be telling us that most cold gas at early to intermediate cosmological epochs was in clouds having roughly galaxy sized masses. What kinds of new observations will best help us study this high redshift universe in future? What new instruments will be needed? These are questions that loom large in the minds of the Dutch astronom ical community as we celebrate 25 years of operation of the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. Celebration of this Silver Jubilee has included a birthday party (on 23 June, 1995), a commemorative volume looking at both the history and the future of the facility ("The Westerbork Observa tory, Continuing Adventure in Radio Astronomy," Kluwer 1996), and an international workshop, held in the village of Hoogeveen on 28-30 August, 1995.
Using Quasar Absorption Lines To Probe Cold Gas In High Redshift Galaxies
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Author : Siwei Zou
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Using Quasar Absorption Lines To Probe Cold Gas In High Redshift Galaxies written by Siwei Zou and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Gamma Ray Bursts And Their Host Galaxies
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Author : Jan Bolmer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Gamma Ray Bursts And Their Host Galaxies written by Jan Bolmer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
High Redshift Galaxies
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Author : Immo Appenzeller
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2009-06-17
High Redshift Galaxies written by Immo Appenzeller and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-06-17 with Science categories.
The high-redshift galaxies became a distinct research ?eld during the ?nal decade of the20thcentury. AtthattimetheLyman-breaktechniquemadeitpossibletoidentify signi?cant samples of such objects, and the new generation of 8 to 10-m telescopes resulted in ?rst good spectroscopic data. Today the high-redshift galaxies have developed into one of the important topics of astrophysics, accounting for about 5–10% of the publications in the major scienti?c journals devoted to astronomy. Because high-redshift galaxies is a rapidly developing ?eld and since new results are published constantly, writing a book on this topic is challenging. On the other hand, in view of the large amount of individual results now in the literature, and in view of the still growing interest in this topic, it appears worthwhile to summarize and evaluate the available data and to provide an introduction for those who wish to enter this ?eld, or who, for various reasons, might be interested in its results. The end of the ?rst decade of the 21st century appears to be a good point in time to attempt such a summary. The current generation of ground-based 8 to 10-m - optical telescopes, the Hubble Space Telescope, and the most important large radio telescopes have by now been in operation since about one or two decades. Although these instruments will continue to produce important scienti?c results for some time to come, many of the initial programs exploiting their unique new possibilities have been completed.
Galaxies At High Redshift
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Author : I. Pérez-Fournon
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2003-03-20
Galaxies At High Redshift written by I. Pérez-Fournon and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-03-20 with Science categories.
This volume presents lectures of the XI Canary Islands Winter School of Astrophysics written by experts in the field.
An Exploration Of Inter Stellar Gas And Its Role In Galaxy Assembly Over Cosmic Time
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Author : Riccardo Pavesi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
An Exploration Of Inter Stellar Gas And Its Role In Galaxy Assembly Over Cosmic Time written by Riccardo Pavesi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
The key physical processes driving galaxy formation and evolution are controlled by gas and, in particular, the process of star formation from cold, dense gas is not well understood since it depends upon the gas cooling ability, its dynamical state and complex feedback processes. Galaxies were observed to form stars much more rapidly in the past (~10-11 billion years ago), which may be due to larger gas reservoirs or more efficient star formation processes. While previous studies have identified large molecular gas reservoirs in a few pre-selected star-forming galaxies, an unbiased survey for molecular gas is necessary to provide robust statistical constraints to the gas content of galaxies at the peak epoch of cosmic star formation. Taking advantage of the improved frequency coverage, sensitivity and bandwidth of the upgraded Very Large Array we have carried out the first unbiased survey by performing a deep-field blind search for CO(1-0) line emission at z~2-3 and CO(2-1) line emission at z~5-7, targeting CO(1-0) which is the most commonly used tracer of the cold, dense molecular gas which fuels star formation. Having detected the first CO(1-0)-selected galaxies at high redshift, we have used their luminosity and abundance to provide robust statistical constraints to the CO luminosity function at z~2-3, finding conclusive evidence for a much higher gas mass content relative to galaxies in the local Universe. This finding suggested that evolution in the mechanisms of star formation may not be the dominant contribution to the high observed star formation rates, but rather large amounts of available cold gas. In order to explore how this finding may apply to even higher redshift, we have also achieved the first detection of CO emission in "normal" galaxies at z>5 (in the first billion years of cosmic time) together with far-infrared fine structure line tracers of the atomic and ionized gas using the sensitive Atacama Large(sub-)Millimeter Array. We found that early galaxies appear to be extremely gas rich, relative to their stellar content, and to display comparable star formation efficiency to typical lower redshift "normal" galaxies. However, the interstellar medium in a fraction of such galaxies also appears to be strongly affected by lower metallicity, affecting the phase structure of the interstellar medium, and the usefulness of CO as a tracer of molecular gas.
Gas Accretion Onto Galaxies
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Author : Andrew Fox
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-23
Gas Accretion Onto Galaxies written by Andrew Fox and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-23 with Science categories.
This edited volume presents the current state of gas accretion studies from both observational and theoretical perspectives, and charts our progress towards answering the fundamental yet elusive question of how galaxies get their gas. Understanding how galaxies form and evolve has been a central focus in astronomy for over a century. These studies have accelerated in the new millennium, driven by two key advances: the establishment of a firm concordance cosmological model that provides the backbone on which galaxies form and grow, and the recognition that galaxies grow not in isolation but within a “cosmic ecosystem” that includes the vast reservoir of gas filling intergalactic space. This latter aspect in which galaxies continually exchange matter with the intergalactic medium via inflows and outflows has been dubbed the “baryon cycle”. The topic of this book is directly related to the baryon cycle, in particular its least well constrained aspect, namely gas accretion. Accretion is a rare area of astrophysics in which the basic theoretical predictions are established, but the observations have been as yet unable to verify the expectations. Accretion has long been seen around the Milky Way in so-called High Velocity Clouds, but detecting accretion even around nearby galaxies has proved challenging; its multi-phase nature requires sensitive observations across the electromagnetic spectrum for full characterization. A promising approach involves looking for kinematic signatures, but accretion signatures are often confused with internal motions within galaxies. Accretion studies therefore touch a wide range of astrophysical processes, and hence a wide cross-section of the astronomical community. As observational facilities are finally able to access the wavelength ranges and depths at which accretion processes may be manifest, the time is right to survey these multiple lines of investigation and determine the state of the field in accretion studies of the baryon cycle.
From Dusty To Dust Free
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Author : Logan Houston Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
From Dusty To Dust Free written by Logan Houston Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
The creation of new stars from cold gas is one of the most fundamental astrophysical processes that can be observed in our own galaxy and in others. At a broad level, the modern phenomenological picture of how stars form is consistent with observations of systems ranging from nearby molecular clouds to the most distant galaxies. Many gaps and limitations in the details of such a picture, however, remain unfilled and unanswered. For example, questions remain about the interplay between star formation and chemical enrichment in blue, metal-poor galaxies and the impact of that relationship in cosmic reionization -- one of the final frontiers of observational extragalactic astrophysics. Meanwhile, on the other end of the electromagnetic and metallicity spectrum, there exists a population of high-redshift, far-infrared-bright, and heavily dust-obscured starbursting galaxies that represent a fleeting but possibly integral stage in the growth of massive galaxies and of dense, large-scale structures like (proto)clusters of galaxies. However, the mechanism(s) that trigger such starbursts, especially in dense environments, remains ambiguous. The research that comprises this dissertation aims to answer two questions that, while both relevant to astronomers' understanding of the birth and evolution of galaxies in the broadest sense, are largely disjoint from one another. These questions are: 1) What are the intermediate- to high-redshift analogs to the sources that reionized the universe at very early times?; and 2) As a function of redshift and/or environment, how common are massively star-forming, dust-obscured galaxies? Because these questions are so different from one another, this dissertation will be split into two major parts. In the first, I present a search in two legacy fields (the GOODS-North and the GOODS-South) for galaxies at high redshift that may be sources of ionizing ultraviolet photons. Such objects are expected to be analogs, in various ways, to the first generation of galaxies, and thus provide clues to the nature of very-high-redshift galaxies that will be discovered en masse by future ground- and space-based observatories. In the second part, I present the spectroscopic confirmation of an overdensity of dusty starbursting galaxies at $z \approx 3.14$, signposting a protocluster of galaxies near the peak of star formation activity in the universe. Compared to similar recent discoveries in the literature, this new protocluster is relatively late-forming and includes several of the most infrared-luminous starbursts currently known. This makes it an excellent laboratory for testing theories of starburst triggering and the subsequent buildup of stellar mass in dense environments. In the final chapter of this dissertation, I reiterate the key results of the research presented in chapters 2, 3, and 5.
The Kiloparsec Scale Structure And Kinematics Of High Redshift Star Forming Galaxies
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Author : David R. Law
language : en
Publisher: Universal-Publishers
Release Date : 2008-09
The Kiloparsec Scale Structure And Kinematics Of High Redshift Star Forming Galaxies written by David R. Law and has been published by Universal-Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09 with Science categories.
We study the spatially resolved properties of star-forming galaxies at redshift z 2 - 3 on scales 1 kpc using a combination of morphological and kinematic analyses in an effort to characterize the major mechanisms of galaxy formation in the young universe. Using a sample of 216 galaxies which have been spectroscopically confirmed to lie between redshifts z = 1.8 - 3.4 in the GOODS-N field we demonstrate that rest-UV morphology (as seen by the Hubble Space Telescope) is statistically uncorrelated with physical properties such as star formation rate and is therefore unable to support the hypothesis that the prevalence of irregular morphologies indicates a high major merger fraction. Further, we present a sample of 13 galaxies observed with the OSIRIS integral field spectrograph and the Keck laser-guide star adaptive optics system which demonstrate the prevalence of high velocity dispersions 80 km/s and generally little in the way of spatially resolved velocity gradients, inconsistent with favored rotating disk models. We discuss the implications of these results for galaxy formation models, including gas accretion via cold flows and gravitational instability of early gas-rich galactic disks. There is some evidence for a trend towards stronger rotational signatures in galaxies with more massive stellar populations.
The Mass Of Galaxies At Low And High Redshift
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Author : Ralf Bender
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2003-01-23
The Mass Of Galaxies At Low And High Redshift written by Ralf Bender and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-23 with Science categories.
Measuring the masses of galaxies as a function of redshift is perhaps one of the most challenging open issues in current astronomical research. The evolution of the baryonic and dark matter components of galaxies is not only a critical test of the hierarchical formation paradigm, but ultimately also provides new clues on the complex interplay between star formation, the cooling and heating of gas and galaxy merging processes. This book reviews current techniques to measure the baryonic (stellar) and dark masses of nearby galaxies, and focusses on ongoing attempts to measure theses same quantities in galaxies at higher and higher redshifts. It also gives room to future perspectives, with special emphasis on new survey projects and satellite missions.