Com Rcio Internacional E Crescimento Econ Mico No Brasil
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Com Rcio Internacional E Crescimento Econ Mico No Brasil
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Author : Sarquis José Buainain Sarquis
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Com Rcio Internacional E Crescimento Econ Mico No Brasil written by Sarquis José Buainain Sarquis and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Brazil categories.
Restri O Comercial Ao Crescimento Economico No Brasil 1980 2000
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Author :
language : pt-BR
Publisher:
Release Date : 2000
Restri O Comercial Ao Crescimento Economico No Brasil 1980 2000 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with categories.
Esta dissertação tem como tema principal a abordagem da balança comercial como restrição ao crescimento econômico do país. Todos sabemos que a economia brasileira é de dificil inserção no mercado internacional, mas poucos sabem que temos um potencial enorme de capacidade de substituição de importação. Nos idos da década de 80, tínhamos um enorme superávit comercial, mas a economia continuava mesmo caminhando a passos pequenos, isso quer dizer, continuava a crescer pouco. Pouco significa de 3% a 4% do PRODUTO INTERNO BRUTO (PID). Para produzir superávits absolutamente sem precedente na balança comercial, o Brasil pagou um preço extremamente elevado, sob a forma de recessão, fortes pressões adicionais sobre a taxa de inflação, aumento do desemprego, redução dos salários e retração dos investimentos. A capacidade de gerar saldos comerciais indica, sem dúvida que a dimensão cambial do problema da transferência teria sido equacionada. Mas ainda na década de 80, questionava-se a durabilidade dos resultados comerciais e alguns economistas alertavam para a vulnerabilidade das contas externas brasileiras a uma situação internacional marcada por profunda instabilidade e incerteza. Os anos 90 chegaram cheios de mudanças, houve a abertura comercial, a valorização do real e então começamos a crescer a taxas mais consideráveis, em torno de 6%. Por outro lado, atingimos déficits na balança comercial insustentáveis. Este trabalho busca avaliar a evolução desses índices que permeiam o quanto o Brasil pode crescer sem incorrer em risco da tão famosa vulnerabilidade externa. É fato que não conseguimos crescer mais a índices tão grandes como na década de 70, contudo nosso potencial de crescimento é maior do que no início da década de 90. Certamente, se houvesse um crescimento da ordem de 10% nas exportações, o Brasil poderia apresentar taxa de crescimento do PID em torno de 7%. É fato que o Brasil ganhou mais liberdade com o processo de estabilização econômica deflagrado pelo Plano Real em meados de 1994, mas também é fato que esse processo custou um aumento da dívida equivalente a US$ 200 bilhões e continua dependente de capital externo. É exatamente assim que os investidores observam o país: em progresso, mas dependente do exterior, apesar da forte desvalorização de 1999.
The Atlas Of Economic Complexity
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Author : Ricardo Hausmann
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2014-01-17
The Atlas Of Economic Complexity written by Ricardo Hausmann and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-01-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Maps capture data expressing the economic complexity of countries from Albania to Zimbabwe, offering current economic measures and as well as a guide to achieving prosperity Why do some countries grow and others do not? The authors of The Atlas of Economic Complexity offer readers an explanation based on "Economic Complexity," a measure of a society's productive knowledge. Prosperous societies are those that have the knowledge to make a larger variety of more complex products. The Atlas of Economic Complexity attempts to measure the amount of productive knowledge countries hold and how they can move to accumulate more of it by making more complex products. Through the graphical representation of the "Product Space," the authors are able to identify each country's "adjacent possible," or potential new products, making it easier to find paths to economic diversification and growth. In addition, they argue that a country's economic complexity and its position in the product space are better predictors of economic growth than many other well-known development indicators, including measures of competitiveness, governance, finance, and schooling. Using innovative visualizations, the book locates each country in the product space, provides complexity and growth potential rankings for 128 countries, and offers individual country pages with detailed information about a country's current capabilities and its diversification options. The maps and visualizations included in the Atlas can be used to find more viable paths to greater productive knowledge and prosperity.
The Global Trade Slowdown
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Author : Cristina Constantinescu
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2015-01-21
The Global Trade Slowdown written by Cristina Constantinescu and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-21 with Business & Economics categories.
This paper focuses on the sluggish growth of world trade relative to income growth in recent years. The analysis uses an empirical strategy based on an error correction model to assess whether the global trade slowdown is structural or cyclical. An estimate of the relationship between trade and income in the past four decades reveals that the long-term trade elasticity rose sharply in the 1990s, but declined significantly in the 2000s even before the global financial crisis. These results suggest that trade is growing slowly not only because of slow growth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP), but also because of a structural change in the trade-GDP relationship in recent years. The available evidence suggests that the explanation may lie in the slowing pace of international vertical specialization rather than increasing protection or the changing composition of trade and GDP.
Essays In Development Economics Wealth And Poverty
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Author : Jagdish N. Bhagwati
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1985
Essays In Development Economics Wealth And Poverty written by Jagdish N. Bhagwati and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Business & Economics categories.
Volume I, Wealth and Poverty, addresses domestic or internal development problems.
Globalization And Development
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Author : Eugene D. Jaffe
language : en
Publisher: Infobase Publishing
Release Date : 2006
Globalization And Development written by Eugene D. Jaffe and has been published by Infobase Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Business & Economics categories.
A definition and discussion of the pros and cons of globalization.
International Economics
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Author : Giancarlo Gandolfo
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09
International Economics written by Giancarlo Gandolfo and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Business & Economics categories.
There is no lack of good international economics textbooks ranging from the elementary to the advanced, so that an additional drop in this ocean calls for an explanation. In the present writer's opinion, there seems still to be room for a textbook which can be used in both undergraduate and graduate courses, and which contains a wide range of topics, including those usually omitted from other textbooks. These are the intentions behind the present book, which is an outcrop from undergraduate and graduate courses in international economics that the author has been holding at the University of Rome since 1974, and from his on going research work in this field. Accordingly the work is organized as two-books in-one by distributing the material between text and appendices. The treatment in the body of this book is directed to undergraduate students and is mainly confined to graphic analysis and to some elementary algebra, but it is assumed that the reader will have a good knowledge of basic microeconomics and macroeconomics (so that the usual review material on production functions, indifference curves, standard Keynesian model, etc. , etc. has been omitted) . Each chapter is followed by an appendix in which the treatment is mainly mathematical, and where (i) the topics explained in the text are treated at a level suitable for advanced undergraduate or first-year graduate students and (ii) generalizations and/or topics not treated in the text (including some of those at the frontiers of research) are formally examined.
International Integration Of The Brazilian Economy
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Author : Elias C. Grivoyannis
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-19
International Integration Of The Brazilian Economy written by Elias C. Grivoyannis and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-19 with Business & Economics categories.
Brazil is the most populous economy in Latin America with the second highest GDP among the emerging BRIC economies, after China, and the second per capita GDP among the BRIC economies after Russia. The objective of this book is to provide a thorough historical, statistical, and institutional description of the factors that affect and are affected by Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy. It includes a most recent account of what is presently going on in Brazil and the type of economy from which Brazil is emerging. The authors use Brazil as a case study and explain both the process and the outcome of international economic integration by analyzing in each chapter a different contributing factor to the benefits and costs from Brazil’s economic interdependency with the world economy. This makes the reading of this book extremely valuable. The topics addressed in this book will increase the reader’s awareness of the institutional, economic, and cultural forces that shape the dynamism of Brazil’s international trade and integration with the world economy, and will continue to do so in future years.
The Oxford Handbook Of The Brazilian Economy
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Author : Edmund Amann
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2018-08-01
The Oxford Handbook Of The Brazilian Economy written by Edmund Amann and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Brazil is a globally vital but troubled economy. This volume offers comprehensive insight into Brazil's economic development, focusing on its most salient characteristics and analyzing its structural features across various dimensions. This innovative Oxford Handbook provides an understanding of the economy's evolution over time and highlights the implications of the past trajectory and decisions for current challenges and opportunities. The opening section covers the country's economic history, beginning with the colonial economy, through import-substitution, to the era of neoliberalism. Second, it analyses Brazil's broader place in the global economy, and considers the ways in which this role has changed, and is likely to change, over coming years. Particular attention is given to the productive sectors of Brazil's economy, for example manufacturing, agriculture, services, energy, and infrastructure. In addition to discussions of regional differences within Brazil, socio-economic dimensions are examined. These include income distribution, human capital, environmental issues, and health. Also included is a discussion of Brazil in the world economy, such as the increase in "South-South" cooperation and trade as well as foreign direct investment. Last but not least is a discussion of the role of the Brazilian state in the economy, whether through state enterprises, competition policy, or corruption.
Dependency And Development In Latin America
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Author : Fernando Henrique Cardoso
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 2024-03-29
Dependency And Development In Latin America written by Fernando Henrique Cardoso and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-03-29 with History categories.
At the end of World War II, several Latin American countries seemed to be ready for industrialization and self-sustaining economic growth. Instead, they found that they had exchanged old forms of political and economic dependence for a new kind of dependency on the international capitalism of multinational corporations. In the much-acclaimed original Spanish edition (Dependencia y Desarrollo en América Latina) and now in the expanded and revised English version, Cardoso and Faletto offer a sophisticated analysis of the economic development of Latin America. The economic dependency of Latin America stems not merely from the domination of the world market over internal national and "enclave" economies, but also from the much more complex interact ion of economic drives, political structures, social movements, and historically conditioned alliances. While heeding the unique histories of individual nations, the authors discern four general stages in Latin America's economic development: the early outward expansion of newly independent nations, the political emergence of the middle sector, the formation of internal markets in response to population growth, and the new dependence on international markets. In a postscript for this edition, Cardoso and Faletto examine the political, social and economic changes of the past ten years in light of their original hypotheses.