Consumer Policy From Below
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Consumer Policy From Below
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Author : Kai-Uwe Hellmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-09-01
Consumer Policy From Below written by Kai-Uwe Hellmann and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-01 with Social Science categories.
Since its existence in the 1950s, consumer policy in Germany has been understood and pursued primarily as a bundle of actions and measures initiated and institutionalised by the state. In many cases, the state has also issued corresponding mandates and set up support models, which has created the impression that we are basically dealing with a 'consumer policy from above' imposed by macro-politics. Not that there have not been repeated attempts in the past decades to give impetus to consumer policy from the middle of civil society - often in the form of small citizens' initiatives. And in recent years in particular, a number of new consumer organisations have emerged which operate much closer to the grass roots. Nevertheless, the impression seems to have taken root among the large, government-related 'players' in the field, who have been in the 'business' for decades, not to mention government-internal consumer policy, that consumer policy concerns a policy field that is essentially ordered by a collaboration of the state on the one hand, and consumer protection organisations representing all consumers equally on the other, while the many small consumer initiatives, not even started by individual committed consumers, regularly fall behind in comparison. This perspective refers largely to the view of and from the centre of politics. This volume is intended to go some way towards countering the institutionally prevailing impression that, in principle, there is only 'consumer policy from above' that is really effective and assertive. The translation was done with the help of artificial intelligence. A subsequent human revision was done primarily in terms of content.
Consumer Policy From Below
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Author : Kai-Uwe Hellmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date :
Consumer Policy From Below written by Kai-Uwe Hellmann and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.
Product Liability
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Author : Rodney Nelson-Jones
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988
Product Liability written by Rodney Nelson-Jones and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with Consumer protection categories.
Consumer Awareness And Consumer Protection
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Author : Parkash Chandel
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-07-17
Consumer Awareness And Consumer Protection written by Parkash Chandel and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-17 with categories.
Consumer protection has become the topic of debate at all levels. The reason behind this has been the lack of awareness of consumers and the malpractices of the business world. In order to maximize profits, many businessmen exploit consumers by supplying poor qual-ity goods at higher prices. They adopt unfair trade practices such as adulteration, boarding, black-marketing, etc. As a result, consumers do not get value for their money. Big business houses use their power for private gain and to the detriment of consumers. Consumers are exposed to physical, environmental and other hazards. They need to be protected from spurious, duplicate and adulterated products, pollution of air, water and noise, and misleading advertising. Consumer protection, however, is only possible if two steps are taken. First is to frame rules, legislations and set up machinery like courts to assure that laws are implemented in their true spirits. Second is to make the stakeholders aware of such laws so that they might defend themselves when required. Keeping these two steps in mind, this study has been undertaken. It covers the evaluation of consumer protection machinery and assesses the level of awareness of consumers in Himachal Pradesh. A brief outline of the thesis is as below. Chapter - I deals with the introduction to consumer protection. It discusses the meaning of consumer, consumer protection, and consumerisms. It also discusses the consumer's rights, needs, and consumer's responsibilities. Chapter - II reviews the literature concerning the problem at hand. It also presents a picture of research design formulated for the present research work. It discusses the selection of the problem, importance, scope, objectives, hypotheses and research methodology of the present study. Finally, the limitations and the future scope of study have been shown. Chapter - III discusses consumerism and consumer protection movements at the international and national level. Chapter - IV is an attempt to examine various legislations for consumer protection at the international level as well at the national level in India. Chapter - V reviews the frameworks for consumer dispute resolution and redress in India. Chapter - VI examines the organizational setup for the consumer protection along with its evaluation in Himachal Pradesh. Chapter - VII deals with the analyses of opinion and perception about consumer awareness and consumer alertness with regard to consumer protection. Chapter - VIII highlights the summary and major findings of the study. It also explains suggestions to improve the implementation of consumer protection laws and awareness among people.
Product Liability
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
Product Liability written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with categories.
Consumer Protection In The 21st Century A Global Perspective
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Author : William Vukowich
language : en
Publisher: BRILL
Release Date : 2021-10-25
Consumer Protection In The 21st Century A Global Perspective written by William Vukowich and has been published by BRILL this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-25 with Law categories.
This comprehensive work covers the consumer protection laws and policies of governing bodies around the world. By presenting materials from edited laws, directives, courts cases, administrative regulations, and commission studies, the author explores the different approaches to the regulation of advertising, sales practices, credit, and product safety and quality. The methods by which consumer protection laws are enforced at the public and private level are also examined. Published under the Transnational Publishers imprint.
Competition Law And Consumer Protection
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Author : Katalin Judit Cseres
language : en
Publisher: Kluwer Law International B.V.
Release Date : 2005-01-01
Competition Law And Consumer Protection written by Katalin Judit Cseres and has been published by Kluwer Law International B.V. this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005-01-01 with Law categories.
The assumption that competition law and consumer protection are mutually reinforcing is rarely challenged. The theory seems uncontroversial. However, because a positive interaction between the two is presumed to be self-evident, the frequent conflicts that do in fact arise are often dealt with on an ad hoc basis, with no overarching legal authority. There is a clear need for a detailed and coherent understanding of exactly where the complements and tensions between the two policy areas exist. Dr Cseres in-depth analysis provides that understanding. Proceeding from the dual perspective of law and economics that is, of justice, fairness, and reasonableness on the one hand, and of efficiency of the other she fully considers such underlying issues as the following: the role of competition law and consumer law in a free market economy;the notion of consumer welfare;the effect of the modernisation of EC competition law for consumers;economics theories of information, bounded rationality, and transaction costs;the special significance of vertical agreements and merger control; and,how consumers are affected by information asymmetries. The ultimate focus of the book is on current and emerging EC law, in which a rapprochement between the two areas seems to be under way. Dr. Cseres provides a knowledgeable guide to the various strands of theory, policy, and jurisprudence that (she shows) ought to be taken into account in the process, including schools of thought and law and policy experience in both Europe and the United States. A special chapter on Hungary, where post-1989 law and practice reveal a fresh and distinctly forward-looking understanding of the matter, is one of the book's most extraordinary features. Competition Law and Consumer Protection stands alone as a committed contribution to bridging a gap in legal knowledge the significance of which grows daily. It will be of immeasurable value to a wide range of professionals from academics and researchers to officials, policymakers, and practitioners in competition law, consumer protection advocacy, economic theory and planning, business administration, and various pertinent government authorities.
Perspectives For European Consumer Law
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Author : Hans Schulte-Nölke
language : en
Publisher: Walter de Gruyter
Release Date : 2010-12-23
Perspectives For European Consumer Law written by Hans Schulte-Nölke and has been published by Walter de Gruyter this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-23 with Law categories.
The forthcoming Directive on Consumer Rights is part of a far-reaching European development in the field of consumer law and general contract law. The European Commission has initiated the long expected broad shift to full harmonisation. This puts the national laws and all lawyers applying it under new challenges. In future, the Member States will be prohibited from deviations not only "downwards" but also "upwards". In particular the relation between (EC and national) consumer law and general contract law is under question. The Czech EU Presidency in the first half of 2009 gave the occasion for a conference organised by the Charles University, the Acquis Group and the Czech European Consumer Center at Prague. Leading contract law scholars, policy makers and stakeholders from across Europe put the Proposal under close scrutiny from political, legal and practical angles. This volume contains the results of the conference and thus responds to the question of the extent to which the Proposal offers indeed perspectives for European consumer law. It also contains a position paper elaborated by the Acquis Group in the aftermath of the conference which highlights strengths and weaknesses and suggests improvements of the Proposal.
Consumer Protection Under Wto Law
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Author : Sawmiya Rajaram
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Consumer Protection Under Wto Law written by Sawmiya Rajaram and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Internationally, the significance of consumer protection transpired beyond the national frontiers with the adoption of the United Nations Guidelines on Consumer Protection (UNGCP) in 1985. Ever since, there had been various contributions by scholars on the question of consumer rights and their status under various fragmentations of international law. However, in this paper, the focus is to understand the status of consumers in the World Trade Organisation (WTO). As part of this, primarily the paper analyses various agreements of the WTO and consumer-related disputes that were brought before the dispute settlement body (DSB) of the WTO to understand the extent of protection afforded to the consumer in this trade forum. Secondly, it investigates consumer representation in various committees and councils of the WTO and the participation of consumer organizations in the decision-making processes of the WTO to understand the inclusivity of consumer issues in the WTO.
The European Unfair Commercial Practices Directive
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Author : Willem van Boom
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2016-02-11
The European Unfair Commercial Practices Directive written by Willem van Boom and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-02-11 with Law categories.
One of the most important EU consumer protection directives of the past decade, the 2005 Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, or UCPD, is brought under examination in this stimulating volume. Bringing together leading experts in the comparative law and consumer law domain, the book discusses the impact of the Directive and whether the many possible issues identified at its inception have been borne out in practice. Divided into four parts of 'Implementation, Approximation and Harmonization', 'Vulnerability', 'The UCP Directive and Other Regimes', and finally 'Enforcement', the volume examines the various policy developments, the growing body of case law, the decisions of relevant national enforcement authorities, as well as the legislative debates which have surrounded the implementation of the UCPD in Member States. This book provides a valuable assessment of the impact of a major EU directive almost ten years after its adoption, and as such will be of interest to academics, legal practitioners and the judiciary working in the areas of European and Consumer law.