Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
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Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
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Author : United States Accounting Office (GAO)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-05
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data written by United States Accounting Office (GAO) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-05 with categories.
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
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Author : United States. General Accounting Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data written by United States. General Accounting Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with Automobiles categories.
Every new automobile sold in the United States has a label showing its tested fuel economy. In addition, all fuel economy test results are published annually to encourage the production and purchase of more fuel-efficient automobiles. Consumers are skeptical, however, because their on-road experience often falls far short of the tested mileage figures.
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data
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Author : United States General Accounting Office
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1981
Consumers Need More Reliable Automobile Fuel Economy Data written by United States General Accounting Office and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981 with categories.
Cost Effectiveness And Deployment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-09-28
Cost Effectiveness And Deployment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-28 with Science categories.
The light-duty vehicle fleet is expected to undergo substantial technological changes over the next several decades. New powertrain designs, alternative fuels, advanced materials and significant changes to the vehicle body are being driven by increasingly stringent fuel economy and greenhouse gas emission standards. By the end of the next decade, cars and light-duty trucks will be more fuel efficient, weigh less, emit less air pollutants, have more safety features, and will be more expensive to purchase relative to current vehicles. Though the gasoline-powered spark ignition engine will continue to be the dominant powertrain configuration even through 2030, such vehicles will be equipped with advanced technologies, materials, electronics and controls, and aerodynamics. And by 2030, the deployment of alternative methods to propel and fuel vehicles and alternative modes of transportation, including autonomous vehicles, will be well underway. What are these new technologies - how will they work, and will some technologies be more effective than others? Written to inform The United States Department of Transportation's National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and greenhouse gas (GHG) emission standards, this new report from the National Research Council is a technical evaluation of costs, benefits, and implementation issues of fuel reduction technologies for next-generation light-duty vehicles. Cost, Effectiveness, and Deployment of Fuel Economy Technologies for Light-Duty Vehicles estimates the cost, potential efficiency improvements, and barriers to commercial deployment of technologies that might be employed from 2020 to 2030. This report describes these promising technologies and makes recommendations for their inclusion on the list of technologies applicable for the 2017-2025 CAFE standards.
Automobile Fuel Economy
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Author : Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association of the United States
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1973
Automobile Fuel Economy written by Motor Vehicle Manufacturers Association of the United States and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1973 with Automobiles categories.
Essays On Fuel Efficiency And Vehicle Demand Dynamics
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Author : Yizao Liu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Essays On Fuel Efficiency And Vehicle Demand Dynamics written by Yizao Liu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Reducing automobile-based gasoline consumption has been a major U.S. public policy issue recently. A key driving force behind policymakers' desire is the concern of environmental externalities and national security. Currently, there are three public policies towards reducing automobile gasoline consumption: raising federal gasoline tax, raising the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) Standards and vehicle scrappage subsidies of government to retirement of old vehicles. My research studies the effectiveness of these policies in the United States. Among all polices, economists often argue that higher gasoline tax would be more effective in improving fuel economy efficiency. In my first chapter, I ask how gasoline prices influence households' automobile replacement decisions and thus market fuel economy efficiency, which is measured by average mileage per gallon in a city. I specify and estimate a structural dynamic model of consumer preference for new and used vehicles following the methodology proposed by Gowrisankaran and Rysman (2009). Since gasoline costs accounts for 65% of total operating costs, the current and future gasoline price must need to be taken into consideration for rational forward-looking consumers when they are making vehicle choices. Besides, the replacement decision for vehicles is dynamic as well: facing depreciation as the automobile ages and the improving features for new products, consumers need to decide whether to replace the vehicle in the current period or later. Therefore, a dynamic model of consumer choice would be crucial to correct policy evaluation of fuel economy efficiency, while previous literature fails to consider the dynamics. By taking dynamics into consideration, I am able to capture the inherent dynamic nature of a forward-looking consumer's decision, with rational expectation on the evolution of vehicle attributes and retail gasoline prices. I estimate the model using a rich dataset combing vehicle registration data on different cities, vehicle characteristic data, average gasoline price, etc. Although a high gasoline tax is never put in practice in the U.S. and may not be political feasible, I further conduct an experiment of raising gasoline tax to test how fuel economy efficiency is affected based on my model estimates. Experiments suggest that keeping a $4 gasoline price would result in a steady trend for a city's fleet fuel efficiency increase, while doubling current rate will only increase fuel efficiency in the first several years, but experience drops over time. The Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) are regulations in the United States that intended to improve the average fuel economy of cars and light trucks sold in the US. However, it is long been realized that with a more fuel efficiency car, consumers may be induced to drive more which partially offsets the original energy saving by the policy. Therefore, to assess the effectiveness of CAFE standards, it is crucial to ask: how fuel economy efficiency, which is measured by mileage per gallon (MPG), affects households' vehicle mileage traveled and its distribution. In my second chapter, I answer the question by estimating a structural model for joint determination of vehicle fuel efficiency choice and vehicle mileage traveled each year with a detailed micro-level data of National Household Travel Survey 2001. I further study the distributional effects on vehicle miles of fuel efficiency using instrumental quantile regression. Comparison on results and tests of weak instruments between my method and literature suggest that my model and choice of instruments provide consistent estimates, while using choice probabilities as instruments is not valid. My results support some earlier findings of rebound effects with a more precise quantitative estimation. In addition, I find new evidence that costs associated with raising CAFE standards vary across different quantiles of annual mileage driven and are especially high for those with below-average vehicle mileage driven. These findings also provide rationale in support of a tax on mileage, which is more effective in reducing gasoline consumptions, comparing to the costs of CAFE standards. My third chapter focus on 2009 CARS Program (Cash-for-Clunker). The 2009 CARS program attempted to boost the sale of new fuel efficient vehicles to replace old gas guzzlers. The program established a two-tier incentive system depending on whether buyers purchased a passenger vehicle or an SUV. The result is that many of the new purchased vehicles are indeed SUVs. The CARS program collected information about the old scrapped vehicles and linked it to the actual purchase of the new vehicles. It is thus possible to analyze the effect of preference inertia in choices by comparing the characteristics of old and new vehicles. The fact that effective prices that consumers face are determined by the mileage class of the old car also allows us to evaluate the distribution of valuation trade-offs between mileage and other characteristics such as size, performance, and vehicle class. My findings suggest that the 2009 Cash-for-Clunker is not very effective in terms of affecting consumers' choice of SUVs and big cars. For transactions under the program, consumers still prefer SUVs and large cars. The extra $1000 rebates actually increase consumers' tastes towards SUVs.
Consumer Behavior Towards Fuel Efficient Vehicles
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Author : Charles River Associates
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1978
Consumer Behavior Towards Fuel Efficient Vehicles written by Charles River Associates and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1978 with Automobiles categories.
Assessment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-07-03
Assessment Of Fuel Economy Technologies For Light Duty Vehicles written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-07-03 with Science categories.
Various combinations of commercially available technologies could greatly reduce fuel consumption in passenger cars, sport-utility vehicles, minivans, and other light-duty vehicles without compromising vehicle performance or safety. Assessment of Technologies for Improving Light Duty Vehicle Fuel Economy estimates the potential fuel savings and costs to consumers of available technology combinations for three types of engines: spark-ignition gasoline, compression-ignition diesel, and hybrid. According to its estimates, adopting the full combination of improved technologies in medium and large cars and pickup trucks with spark-ignition engines could reduce fuel consumption by 29 percent at an additional cost of $2,200 to the consumer. Replacing spark-ignition engines with diesel engines and components would yield fuel savings of about 37 percent at an added cost of approximately $5,900 per vehicle, and replacing spark-ignition engines with hybrid engines and components would reduce fuel consumption by 43 percent at an increase of $6,000 per vehicle. The book focuses on fuel consumption-the amount of fuel consumed in a given driving distance-because energy savings are directly related to the amount of fuel used. In contrast, fuel economy measures how far a vehicle will travel with a gallon of fuel. Because fuel consumption data indicate money saved on fuel purchases and reductions in carbon dioxide emissions, the book finds that vehicle stickers should provide consumers with fuel consumption data in addition to fuel economy information.
Do Car Reviews Matter
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Author : Adam Campos
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Do Car Reviews Matter written by Adam Campos and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Automobile industry and trade categories.
This thesis aims to find if car reviews influence car sales in the U.S. auto market through an econometric analysis. Since there is no free data source that conveniently provides car sales, car reviews, and control variables in a spreadsheet, a data set was constructed by collecting data from various sources. Review data was collected from U.S. News and World Report, a free source that used advertisements and press cars, and Consumer Reports, a non-free source that displays no advertisements and buys the cars it tests. Sales data was collected from GoodCarBadCar.com. Control variable data was collected from the Environmental Protection Agency for fuel economy data and Edmunds.com for horsepower data and pricing data. Once the data set was collected, two separate econometric models were built; one to investigate if U.S. News and World Report influenced sales, and one to see if Consumer Reports influenced sales. It was found that both U.S. News and World Report and Consumer Reports influenced car sales in the U.S. auto market. Other notable results were that U.S. consumers prefer larger cars over smaller cars, were indifferent on fuel economy, preferred cheaper cars, were indifferent on horsepower, and preferred American brands. Having extra data available, two more regressions were created to directly compare U.S. News and World Report's influence on cars sales to Consumer Reports' influence on car sales. The results suggested that U.S. News and World Report had a stronger influence on cars sales than Consumer Reports. This is surprising because other literature suggests that consumers prefer review sources that buy their own cars and display no advertisements since they felt those sources were bias free. The thesis concludes that media corporations looking to write car reviews may want to provide them for free, rely on advertising revenue, and use press cars for reviews since sources with those characteristics seem to have a stronger influence on car sales. Auto manufacturers may want to concentrate on obtaining positive reviews, specifically from sources like U.S. News and World Report, concentrate on selling larger car models, and concentrate on making cars more reliable and enjoyable to drive if they want to increase their car sales. This thesis uses a unique data set to perform a regression that has not been performed before, which builds off of previous literature and leaves room for further research on how car reviews influence car sales.