Control Of A High Speed Flywheel System For Energy Storage In Space Applications
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Control Of A High Speed Flywheel System For Energy Storage In Space Applications
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-21
Control Of A High Speed Flywheel System For Energy Storage In Space Applications written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-21 with categories.
A novel control algorithm for the charge and discharge modes of operation of a flywheel energy storage system for space applications is presented. The motor control portion of the algorithm uses sensorless field oriented control with position and speed estimates determined from a signal injection technique at low speeds and a back EMF technique at higher speeds. The charge and discharge portion of the algorithm use command feed-forward and disturbance decoupling, respectively, to achieve fast response with low gains. Simulation and experimental results are presented demonstrating the successful operation of the flywheel control up to the rated speed of 60,000 rpm. Kenny, Barbara H. and Kascak, Peter E. and Jansen, Ralph and Dever, Timothy and Santiago, Walter Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213356, E-14824
Filtering And Control Of High Speed Motor Current In A Flywheel Energy Storage System
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-21
Filtering And Control Of High Speed Motor Current In A Flywheel Energy Storage System written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-21 with categories.
The NASA Glenn Research Center has been developing technology to enable the use of high speed flywheel energy storage units in future spacecraft for the last several years. An integral part of the flywheel unit is the three phase motor/generator that is used to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel. The motor/generator voltage is supplied from a pulse width modulated (PWM) inverter operating from a fixed DC voltage supply. The motor current is regulated through a closed loop current control that commands the necessary voltage from the inverter to achieve the desired current. The current regulation loop is the innermost control loop of the overall flywheel system and, as a result, must be fast and accurate over the entire operating speed range (20,000 to 60,000 rpm) of the flywheel. The voltage applied to the motor is a high frequency PWM version of the DC bus voltage that results in the commanded fundamental value plus higher order harmonics. Most of the harmonic content is at the switching frequency and above. The higher order harmonics cause a rapid change in voltage to be applied to the motor that can result in large voltage stresses across the motor windings. In addition, the high frequency content in the motor causes sensor noise in the magnetic bearings that leads to disturbances for the bearing control. To alleviate these problems, a filter is used to present a more sinusoidal voltage to the motor/generator. However, the filter adds additional dynamics and phase lag to the motor system that can interfere with the performance of the current regulator. This paper will discuss the tuning methodology and results for the motor/generator current regulator and the impact of the filter on the control. Results at speeds up to 50,000 rpm are presented. Kenny, Barbara H. and Santiago, Walter Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213343, AIAA Paper 2004-5627, E-14811
Automating The Transition Between Sensorless Motor Control Methods For The Nasa Glenn Research Center Flywheel Energy Storage System
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-21
Automating The Transition Between Sensorless Motor Control Methods For The Nasa Glenn Research Center Flywheel Energy Storage System written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-21 with categories.
The NASA Glenn Research Center (GRC) has been working to advance the technology necessary for a flywheel energy storage system for the past several years. Flywheels offer high efficiency, durability, and near-complete discharge capabilities not produced by typical chemical batteries. These characteristics show flywheels to be an attractive alternative to the more typical energy storage solutions. Flywheels also offer the possibility of combining what are now two separate systems in space applications into one: energy storage, which is currently provided by batteries, and attitude control, which is currently provided by control moment gyroscopes (CMGs) or reaction wheels. To date, NASA Glenn research effort has produced the control algorithms necessary to demonstrate flywheel operation up to a rated speed of 60,000 RPM and the combined operation of two flywheel machines to simultaneously provide energy storage and single axis attitude control. Two position-sensorless algorithms are used to control the motor/generator, one for low (0 to 1200 RPM) speeds and one for high speeds. The algorithm allows the transition from the low speed method to the high speed method, but the transition from the high to low speed method was not originally included. This leads to a limitation in the existing motor/generator control code that does not allow the flywheels to be commanded to zero speed (and back in the negative speed direction) after the initial startup. In a multi-flywheel system providing both energy storage and attitude control to a spacecraft, speed reversal may be necessary. Fehrmann, Elizabeth A. and Kenny, Barbara H. Glenn Research Center NASA/TM-2004-213295, E-14742, AIAA Paper 2004-5602
Advanced High Speed Flywheel Energy Storage Systems For Pulsed Power Application
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Author : Salman Talebi Rafsanjan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Advanced High Speed Flywheel Energy Storage Systems For Pulsed Power Application written by Salman Talebi Rafsanjan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Power systems on modern commercial transportation systems are moving to more electric based equipment, thus improving the reliability of the overall system. Electrical equipment on such systems will include some loads that require very high power for short periods of time, on the order of a few seconds, especially during acceleration and deceleration. The current approach to solving this problem is sizing the electrical grid for peak power, rather than the average. A method to efficiently store and discharge the pulsed power is necessary to eliminate the cost and weight of oversized generation equipment to support the pulsed power needs of these applications. Highspeed Flywheel Energy Storage Systems (FESS) are effectively capable of filling the niche of short duration, high cycle life applications where batteries and ultra capacitors are not usable. In order to have an efficient high-speed FESS, performing three important steps towards the design of the overall system are extremely vital. These steps are modeling, analysis and control of the FESS that are thoroughly investigated in this dissertation. This dissertation establishes a comprehensive analysis of a high-speed FESS in steady state and transient operations. To do so, an accurate model for the complete FESS is derived. State space averaging approach is used to develop DC and small-signal AC models of the system. These models effectively simplify analysis of the FESS and give a strong physical intuition to the complete system. In addition, they result in saving time and money by avoiding time consuming simulations performed by expensive packages, such as Simulink, PSIM, etc. In the next step, two important factors affecting operation of the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) implemented in the high-speed FESS are investigated in detail and outline a proper control strategy to achieve the required performance by the system. Next, a novel design algorithm developed by S.P. Bhattacharyya is used to design the control system. The algorithm has been implemented to a motor drive system, for the first time, in this work. Development of the complete set of the current- and speed-loop proportional-integral controller gains stabilizing the system is the result of this implementation. In the last part of the dissertation, based on the information and data achieved from the analysis and simulations, two parts of the FESS, inverter/rectifier and external inductor, are designed and the former one is manufactured. To verify the validity and feasibility of the proposed controller, several simulations and experimental results on a laboratory prototype are presented.
Filtering And Control Of High Speed Motor Current In A Flywheel Energy Storage System
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Author : Barbara H. Kenny
language : en
Publisher: BiblioGov
Release Date : 2013-06
Filtering And Control Of High Speed Motor Current In A Flywheel Energy Storage System written by Barbara H. Kenny and has been published by BiblioGov this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06 with categories.
The NASA Glenn Research Center has been developing technology to enable the use of high speed flywheel energy storage units in future spacecraft for the last several years. An integral part of the flywheel unit is the three phase motor/generator that is used to accelerate and decelerate the flywheel. The motor/generator voltage is supplied from a pulse width modulated (PWM) inverter operating from a fixed DC voltage supply. The motor current is regulated through a closed loop current control that commands the necessary voltage from the inverter to achieve the desired current. The current regulation loop is the innermost control loop of the overall flywheel system and, as a result, must be fast and accurate over the entire operating speed range (20,000 to 60,000 rpm) of the flywheel. The voltage applied to the motor is a high frequency PWM version of the DC bus voltage that results in the commanded fundamental value plus higher order harmonics. Most of the harmonic content is at the switching frequency and above. The higher order harmonics cause a rapid change in voltage to be applied to the motor that can result in large voltage stresses across the motor windings. In addition, the high frequency content in the motor causes sensor noise in the magnetic bearings that leads to disturbances for the bearing control. To alleviate these problems, a filter is used to present a more sinusoidal voltage to the motor/generator. However, the filter adds additional dynamics and phase lag to the motor system that can interfere with the performance of the current regulator. This paper will discuss the tuning methodology and results for the motor/generator current regulator and the impact of the filter on the control. Results at speeds up to 50,000 rpm are presented.
Flywheel Energy Storage
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Author : Fouad Sabry
language : en
Publisher: One Billion Knowledgeable
Release Date : 2022-10-16
Flywheel Energy Storage written by Fouad Sabry and has been published by One Billion Knowledgeable this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-16 with Science categories.
What Is Flywheel Energy Storage The flywheel energy storage (FES) system works by keeping the energy in the system as rotational energy while simultaneously increasing the speed of a rotor (the flywheel) to an extremely high rate. When energy is removed from the system, the rotating speed of the flywheel slows down as a direct result of the theory of energy conservation. On the other hand, when energy is added to the system, the flywheel's rotational speed rises as a direct result of the principle of energy conservation. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Flywheel energy storage Chapter 2: Energy storage Chapter 3: Superconducting magnetic energy storage Chapter 4: Gyroscope Chapter 5: Electric motor Chapter 6: Flywheel Chapter 7: Regenerative braking Chapter 8: Magnetic bearing Chapter 9: Brushless DC electric motor Chapter 10: DC motor Chapter 11: Motor-generator Chapter 12: Revolutions per minute Chapter 13: Grid energy storage Chapter 14: Microturbine Chapter 15: Control moment gyroscope Chapter 16: Retarder (mechanical engineering) Chapter 17: London moment Chapter 18: Hybrid vehicle drivetrain Chapter 19: Kinetic energy recovery system Chapter 20: Attitude control Chapter 21: Flywheel storage power system (II) Answering the public top questions about flywheel energy storage. (III) Real world examples for the usage of flywheel energy storage in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of flywheel energy storage' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of flywheel energy storage.
Integration Of Flywheel Energy Storage Systems In Low Voltage Distribution Grids
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Author : Karrari, Shahab
language : en
Publisher: KIT Scientific Publishing
Release Date : 2023-01-17
Integration Of Flywheel Energy Storage Systems In Low Voltage Distribution Grids written by Karrari, Shahab and has been published by KIT Scientific Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) can rapidly inject or absorb high amounts of active power in order to support the grid, following abrupt changes in the generation or in the demand, with no concern over its lifetime. The work presented in this book studies the grid integration of a high-speed FESS in low voltage distribution grids from several perspectives, including optimal allocation, sizing, modeling, real-time simulation, and Power Hardware-in-the-Loop testing.
The Proceedings Of The 5th International Conference On Energy Storage And Intelligent Vehicles Iceiv 2022
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Author : Fengchun Sun
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-05-10
The Proceedings Of The 5th International Conference On Energy Storage And Intelligent Vehicles Iceiv 2022 written by Fengchun Sun and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book includes original, peer-reviewed research papers from the 5th International Conference on Energy Storage and Intelligent Vehicles (ICEIV 2022), held online, from December 3 to December 4, 2022. The topics covered include but are not limited to energy storage, power and energy systems, electrified/intelligent transportation, batteries and management, and power electronics. The papers share the latest findings in energy storage and intelligent vehicles, making the book a valuable asset for researchers, engineers, university students, etc.
Kinetic Energy Storage
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Author : G. Genta
language : en
Publisher: Butterworth-Heinemann
Release Date : 2014-04-24
Kinetic Energy Storage written by G. Genta and has been published by Butterworth-Heinemann this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-24 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Kinetic Energy Storage: Theory and Practice of Advanced Flywheel Systems focuses on the use of flywheel systems in storing energy. The book first gives an introduction to the use of flywheels, including prehistory to the Roman civilization, Christian era to the industrial revolution, and middle of the 19th century to 1960. The text then examines the application of flywheel energy storage systems. Basic parameters and definitions, advantages and disadvantages, economic considerations, road vehicle applications, and applications for fixed machines are considered. The book also evaluates the flywheel, including materials, radial bar and filament flywheel, composite material disc flywheel, rotor stress analysis, and flywheel testing. The text also discusses housing and vacuum systems and flywheel suspension and transmission systems. Aerodynamic drag on wheels, burst containment, types of bearings, rotor dynamics, dampers, and types of transmissions are described. The text is a vital source of information for readers wanting to explore the composition and functions of flywheels.
Flywheel Rotor Safe Life Technology
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Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
language : en
Publisher: Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Release Date : 2018-06-27
Flywheel Rotor Safe Life Technology written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and has been published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-06-27 with categories.
Since the 1960s, research has been conducted into the use of flywheels as energy storage systems. The-proposed applications include energy storage for hybrid and electric automobiles, attitude control and energy storage for satellites, and uninterruptible power supplies for hospitals and computer centers. For many years, however, the use of flywheels for space applications was restricted by the total weight of a system employing a metal rotor. With recent technological advances in the manufacturing of composite materials, however, lightweight composite rotors have begun to be proposed for such applications. Flywheels with composite rotors provide much higher power and energy storage capabilities than conventional chemical batteries. However, the failure of a high speed flywheel rotor could be a catastrophic event. For this reason, flywheel rotors are classified by the NASA Fracture Control Requirements Standard as fracture critical parts. Currently, there is no industry standard to certify a composite rotor for safe and reliable operation forth( required lifetime of the flywheel. Technical problems hindering the development of this standard include composite manufacturing inconsistencies, insufficient nondestructive evaluation (NDE) techniques for detecting defects and/or impact damage, lack of standard material test methods for characterizing composite rotor design allowables, and no unified proof (over-spin) test for flight rotors. As part of a flywheel rotor safe-life certification pro-ram funded b the government, a review of the state of the art in composite rotors is in progress. The goal of the review is to provide a clear picture of composite flywheel rotor technologies. The literature review has concentrated on the following topics concerning composites and composite rotors: durability (fatigue) and damage tolerance (safe-life) analysis/test methods, in-service NDE and health monitoring techniques, spin test methods/ procedures, and containment options. This