Control Of Respiration
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Control Of Respiration
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Author : David J. Pallot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Control Of Respiration written by David J. Pallot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
The scientific literature has expanded dramatically in recent years, making entry into the structure of any given area extremely difficult; concurrent with this explosion more people are required to become acquainted with information outside their main line of expertise. For this reason there is a need for review articles which give an overall review of circumscribed areas. This volume reviews the subject of respiratory control mechanisms; the authors of each chapter are active research workers engaged in the area covered by their chapter. The first four chapters are concerned with the basic physiological mechanisms which sense changes in the respiratory system, in the standard physiology textbook parlance chemical and neural sensory receptors. The peripheral arterial chemoreceptors sense changes in arterial oxygen tension, carbon dioxide and pH. The first chapter describes the basic responses in the organ produced by changes in blood chemistry. Later chapters discuss changes in activity produced by exercise, chronic hypoxia and the possible role of the chemoreceptors in initiation of respiration in the new-born. In Chapter 1, a section considers the action of drugs on the peripheral chemoreceptors, and finally there is a discussion of the possible mechanisms whereby the organs sense changes in blood chemistry. This pattern is followed in subsequent chapters wherever possible; first a discussion of the basic physiological properties, followed by any clinical application and dis cussion of the mechanism whereby the receptor might operate. The remaining chapters are of a more applied nature.
The Central Nervous System Control Of Respiration
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2014-04-17
The Central Nervous System Control Of Respiration written by and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-04-17 with Science categories.
Respiration is one of the most basic motor activities crucial for survival of the individual. It is under total control of the central nervous system, which adjusts respiratory depth and frequency depending on the circumstances the individual finds itself. For this reason this volume not only reviews the basic control systems of respiration, located in the caudal brainstem, but also the higher brain regions, that change depth and frequency of respiration. Scientific knowledge of these systems is crucial for understanding the problems in the many patients suffering from respiratory failure. This well-established international series examines major areas of basic and clinical research within neuroscience, as well as emerging subfields
The Control Of Breathing In Man
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Author : Brian J. Whipp
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1987
The Control Of Breathing In Man written by Brian J. Whipp and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Medical categories.
Based on the Physiological Society's Teaching Symposium on "the Control of Breathing in Man" held at St. George's Hospital Medical School, London, Feb. 17, 1983.
Control Of Respiration
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Author : David J. Pallot
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-02-14
Control Of Respiration written by David J. Pallot and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-14 with Science categories.
The scientific literature has expanded dramatically in recent years, making entry into the structure of any given area extremely difficult; concurrent with this explosion more people are required to become acquainted with information outside their main line of expertise. For this reason there is a need for review articles which give an overall review of circumscribed areas. This volume reviews the subject of respiratory control mechanisms; the authors of each chapter are active research workers engaged in the area covered by their chapter. The first four chapters are concerned with the basic physiological mechanisms which sense changes in the respiratory system, in the standard physiology textbook parlance chemical and neural sensory receptors. The peripheral arterial chemoreceptors sense changes in arterial oxygen tension, carbon dioxide and pH. The first chapter describes the basic responses in the organ produced by changes in blood chemistry. Later chapters discuss changes in activity produced by exercise, chronic hypoxia and the possible role of the chemoreceptors in initiation of respiration in the new-born. In Chapter 1, a section considers the action of drugs on the peripheral chemoreceptors, and finally there is a discussion of the possible mechanisms whereby the organs sense changes in blood chemistry. This pattern is followed in subsequent chapters wherever possible; first a discussion of the basic physiological properties, followed by any clinical application and dis cussion of the mechanism whereby the receptor might operate. The remaining chapters are of a more applied nature.
Control Of Breathing During Sleep
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Author : Susmita Chowdhuri
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2022-08-16
Control Of Breathing During Sleep written by Susmita Chowdhuri and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-16 with Medical categories.
This book describes control of ventilation during sleep in both health and disease states. The topics are presented in a fashion that can be easily comprehended with many figures to illustrate complex concepts. Thus, a wide range of topics, starting from the site of normal respiratory rhythm generation to chemoreceptor control of sleep apnea, description of the apneic threshold, pathophysiology of upper airway closure, novel techniques to measure control of breathing, effect of cerebral blood flow on breathing, effect of opioids on ventilation, effect of heart failure on ventilation, genetic aspects of breathing disorders, age and gender differences, and various therapies are discussed. Key Features • Helps to bridge the gap between straight forward physiology and clinical practice through a range of topics and use of case vignettes • Explores various aspects of clinical management and control which is beneficial to sleep clinicians, respiratory physiologists, intensivists, trainees, and researchers. • Distills complex concepts into understandable language and figures, providing helping resource to the clinicians, that transforms a dry topic vis a viz control of ventilation into an exciting understandable ‘clinician’ language.
Control Of Breathing During Exercise
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Author : Susan A. Ward
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2014-07-01
Control Of Breathing During Exercise written by Susan A. Ward and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-01 with Medical categories.
The control of breathing during exercise remains the source of considerable debate. Classical schemes of the exercise hyperpnea have incorporated elements of proportional feed-back from chemoreceptor sites (carotid body and brainstem) and feed-forward neurogenic (central command and muscle reflex) control. However, the precise details of the control process are still not fully resolved, reflecting in part technical and interpretational limitations inherent in isolating putative control mechanisms in the intact exercising human and also the challenges presented by the ventilatory and gas-exchange complexities encountered at work rates which engender a metabolic (lactic) acidosis. Although some combination of neurogenic, chemoreflex, and circulatory-coupled processes are likely to contribute to the control, intriguingly, the overall system appears to evidence considerable redundancy. This, coupled with the lack of appreciable steady-state error signals in the mean levels of arterial PCO2, PO2, and pH over a wide range of work rates, has motivated the formulation of innovative control models that reflect not only spatial interactions but also temporal interactions (i.e., short-term and longer-term ‘memory’). The challenge remains to discriminate between robust control schemes that (a) integrate such processes within plausible physiological equivalents, and (b) account for both the dynamic and steady-state system response over the entire range of exercise intensities. Table of Contents: Introduction / Ventilatory Requirements / Ventilatory Responses / Ventilatory Control / Conclusions / References
Concepts And Formalizations In The Control Of Breathing
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Author : G. Benchetrit
language : en
Publisher: Manchester University Press
Release Date : 1987
Concepts And Formalizations In The Control Of Breathing written by G. Benchetrit and has been published by Manchester University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1987 with Biological models categories.
Respiratory Control
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Author : Dexter F. Speck
language : en
Publisher: University Press of Kentucky
Release Date : 2021-12-15
Respiratory Control written by Dexter F. Speck and has been published by University Press of Kentucky this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-12-15 with Medical categories.
Understanding of the respiratory control system has been greatly improved by technological and methodological advances. This volume integrates results from many perspectives, brings together diverse approaches to the investigations, and represents important additions to the field of neural control of breathing. Topics include membrane properties of respiratory neurons, in vitro studies of respiratory control, chemical neuroanatomy, central integration of respiratory afferents, modulation of respiratory pattern by peripheral afferents, respiratory chemoreception, development of respiratory control, behavioral control of breathing, and human ventilatory control. Forty-seven experts in the field report research and discuss novel issues facing future investigations in this collection of papers from an international conference of nearly two hundred leading scientists held in October 1990. This research is of vital importance to respiratory physiologists and those in neurosciences and neurobiology who work with integrative sensory and motor systems and is pertinent to both basic and clinical investigations. Respiratory Control is destined to be widely cited because of the strength of the contributors and the dearth of similar works.
The Respiratory System
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
The Respiratory System written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Respiration categories.
Regulation Of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition
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Author : Roland N. Pittman
language : en
Publisher: Biota Publishing
Release Date : 2016-08-18
Regulation Of Tissue Oxygenation Second Edition written by Roland N. Pittman and has been published by Biota Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-18 with Medical categories.
This presentation describes various aspects of the regulation of tissue oxygenation, including the roles of the circulatory system, respiratory system, and blood, the carrier of oxygen within these components of the cardiorespiratory system. The respiratory system takes oxygen from the atmosphere and transports it by diffusion from the air in the alveoli to the blood flowing through the pulmonary capillaries. The cardiovascular system then moves the oxygenated blood from the heart to the microcirculation of the various organs by convection, where oxygen is released from hemoglobin in the red blood cells and moves to the parenchymal cells of each tissue by diffusion. Oxygen that has diffused into cells is then utilized in the mitochondria to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the energy currency of all cells. The mitochondria are able to produce ATP until the oxygen tension or PO2 on the cell surface falls to a critical level of about 4–5 mm Hg. Thus, in order to meet the energetic needs of cells, it is important to maintain a continuous supply of oxygen to the mitochondria at or above the critical PO2 . In order to accomplish this desired outcome, the cardiorespiratory system, including the blood, must be capable of regulation to ensure survival of all tissues under a wide range of circumstances. The purpose of this presentation is to provide basic information about the operation and regulation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, as well as the properties of the blood and parenchymal cells, so that a fundamental understanding of the regulation of tissue oxygenation is achieved.