Coronal Mass Ejections And Solar Particle Events In Solar Cycle 23
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Coronal Mass Ejections And Solar Particle Events In Solar Cycle 23
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Author : Christina Cohen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Coronal Mass Ejections And Solar Particle Events In Solar Cycle 23 written by Christina Cohen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Solar flares categories.
Solar Eruptions And Energetic Particles
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Author : N. Gopalswamy
language : en
Publisher: American Geophysical Union
Release Date : 2006-01-10
Solar Eruptions And Energetic Particles written by N. Gopalswamy and has been published by American Geophysical Union this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-01-10 with Science categories.
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 165. Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the most energetic events in the heliosphere. During solar cycle 23, the close connection between CMEs and solar energetic particles (SEPs) was studied in much greater detail than was previously possible, including effects on space weather. This book reviews extensive observations of solar eruptions and SEPs from orbiting and ground-based systems. From SOHO and ACE to RHESSI and TRACE, we now have measurements of unprecedented sensitivity by which to test assumptions and refine models. Discussion and analysis of: Coronal mass ejections and energetic particles over one solar cycle Implications of solar eruptions for space weather and human space exploration The elemental, isotopic, and ionic charge state composition of accelerated particles Complex interconnections among CMEs, flares, shocks, and energetic particles will make this book an indispensable resource for scientists working on the Sun-Earth connection, including space physicists, magnetospheric physicists, atmospheric physicists, astrophysicists, and aeronomists.
Radiation And The International Space Station
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2000-03-25
Radiation And The International Space Station written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03-25 with Science categories.
A major objective of the International Space Station is learning how to cope with the inherent risks of human spaceflightâ€"how to live and work in space for extended periods. The construction of the station itself provides the first opportunity for doing so. Prominent among the challenges associated with ISS construction is the large amount of time that astronauts will be spending doing extravehicular activity (EVA), or "space walks." EVAs from the space shuttle have been extraordinarily successful, most notably the on-orbit repair of the Hubble Space Telescope. But the number of hours of EVA for ISS construction exceeds that of the Hubble repair mission by orders of magnitude. Furthermore, the ISS orbit has nearly twice the inclination to Earth's equator as Hubble's orbit, so it spends part of every 90-minute circumnavigation at high latitudes, where Earth's magnetic field is less effective at shielding impinging radiation. This means that astronauts sweeping through these regions will be considerably more vulnerable to dangerous doses of energetic particles from a sudden solar eruption. Radiation and the International Space Station estimates that the likelihood of having a potentially dangerous solar event during an EVA is indeed very high. This report recommends steps that can be taken immediately, and over the next several years, to provide adequate warning so that the astronauts can be directed to take protective cover inside the ISS or shuttle. The near-term actions include programmatic and operational ways to take advantage of the multiagency assets that currently monitor and forecast space weather, and ways to improve the in situ measurements and the predictive power of current models.
Solar Energetic Particles
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Author : Donald V. Reames
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2017-03-10
Solar Energetic Particles written by Donald V. Reames and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-03-10 with Science categories.
This concise primer introduces the non-specialist reader to the physics of solar energetic particles (SEP) and systematically reviews the evidence for the two main mechanisms which lead to the so-called impulsive and gradual SEP events. More specifically, the timing of the onsets, the longitude distributions, the high-energy spectral shapes, the correlations with other solar phenomena (e.g. coronal mass ejections), as well as the all-important elemental and isotopic abundances of SEPs are investigated. Impulsive SEP events are related to magnetic reconnection in solar flares and jets. The concept of shock acceleration by scattering on self-amplified Alfvén waves is introduced, as is the evidence of reacceleration of impulsive-SEP material in the seed population accessed by the shocks in gradual events. The text then develops processes of transport of ions out to an observer. Finally, a new technique to determine the source plasma temperature in both impulsive and gradual events is demonstrated. Last but not least the role of SEP events as a radiation hazard in space is mentioned and a short discussion of the nature of the main particle telescope designs that have contributed to most of the SEP measurements is given.
Proceedings
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Proceedings written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Cosmic rays categories.
Coronal Mass Ejections And Solar Energetic Particle Events
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996
Coronal Mass Ejections And Solar Energetic Particle Events written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with categories.
We review the observations relating solar energetic particle (SEP) events to coronal mass ejections (CMEs). Nearly every gradual SEP event is associated with a fast (v> 400 km/s) CME, which is presumed to drive a coronal shock that accelerates the SEPs. Evidence supporting the contention that all SEP ions observed in large, gradual events are shock accelerated is reviewed. Evidence for shock acceleration of electrons is found to be more ambiguous. The following current questions in SEP/CME relationships are discussed: (1) SEP production by electric fields in post-flare loops; (2) the relationship of type II burst shocks and CME-driven shocks; (3) flare impulsive phase contributions to SEP events; and (4) the evidence for shock-accelerated (SA) events; and (5) progressively hardening X-ray spectra and SEP events.
Plasma Astrophysics
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Author : J.G. Kirk
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2006-04-18
Plasma Astrophysics written by J.G. Kirk and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-04-18 with Science categories.
In three lectures on magnetohydrodynamics, on kinetic plasma physics and on particle acceleration, leading experts describe the physical basis of their subjects and extend the discussion to several applications in modern problems of astrophysics. The themes developed in this book will be helpful in understanding many processes in the universe from the solar corona to active galaxies.
Characteristic Times Of Gradual Solar Energetic Particle Events And Their Dependence On Associated Coronal Mass Ejection Properties
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Characteristic Times Of Gradual Solar Energetic Particle Events And Their Dependence On Associated Coronal Mass Ejection Properties written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
We use 20 MeV proton intensities from the EPACT instrument on Wind and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) from the LASCO coronagraph on SOHO observed during 1998-2002 to statistically determine three characteristic times of gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events as functions of solar source longitude: (1) T(sub 0), the time from associated CME launch to SEP onset at 1 AU, (2) T(sub R), the rise time from SEP onset to the time when the SEP intensity is a factor of 2 below peak intensity, and (3) T(sub D), the duration over which the SEP intensity is within a factor of 2 of the peak intensity. Those SEP event times are compared with associated CME speeds, accelerations, and widths to determine whether and how the SEP event times may depend on the formation and dynamics of coronal/interplanetary shocks driven by the CMEs. Solar source longitudinal variations are clearly present in the SEP times, but T(sub R)and T(sub D) are significantly correlated with CME speeds only for SEP events in the best-connected longitude range. No significant correlations between the SEP times and CME accelerations are found except for T(sub D) in one longitude range, but there is a weak correlation of T(sub R) and T(sub D) with CME widths. We also find no correlation of any SEP times with the solar wind O(exp +6)/O(exp +7) values, suggesting no dependence on solar wind stream type. The SEP times of the small subset of events occurring in interplanetary CMEs may be slightly shorter than those of all events.
Magnetic Coupling Between The Interior And Atmosphere Of The Sun
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Author : S. S. Hasan
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Magnetic Coupling Between The Interior And Atmosphere Of The Sun written by S. S. Hasan and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Solar magnetic fields categories.
These are the proceedings of the conference on Magnetic Coupling between the Interior and the Atmosphere of the Sun held December 2-5, 2008, which was planned to coincide with the centenary of the discovery of the Evershed effect at Kodaikanal in 1909. The aim of this meeting was to bring a critical focus to the comprehensive understanding of the important issues pertaining to solar magnetism, with particular emphasis on the various MHD processes that operate in the solar atmosphere. The participants reviewed the current status of magnetic field measurements and their implications with regard to recent theories and numerical models that address the fundamental scales and processes in the highly magnetized, turbulent plasma. The conference also provided a platform for in-depth discussions of new results from various space missions, as well as a comparison with ground-based observing facilities such as the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope.
The Solar Dynamics Observatory
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Author : Phillip Chamberlin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-05-05
The Solar Dynamics Observatory written by Phillip Chamberlin and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-05-05 with Science categories.
This volume is dedicated to the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which was launched 11 February 2010. The articles focus on the spacecraft and its instruments: the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA), the Extreme Ultraviolet Variability Experiment (EVE), and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). Articles within also describe calibration results and data processing pipelines that are critical to understanding the data and products, concluding with a description of the successful Education and Public Outreach activities. This book is geared towards anyone interested in using the unprecedented data from SDO, whether for fundamental heliophysics research, space weather modeling and forecasting, or educational purposes. Previously published in Solar Physics journal, Vol. 275/1-2, 2012. Selected articles in this book are published open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license at link.springer.com. For further details, please see the license information in the chapters.