Cryogenics
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Helium Cryogenics
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Author : Steven W. Van Sciver
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-14
Helium Cryogenics written by Steven W. Van Sciver and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-14 with Science categories.
Twenty five years have elapsed since the original publication of Helium Cryogenics. During this time, a considerable amount of research and development involving helium fluids has been carried out culminating in several large-scale projects. Furthermore, the field has matured through these efforts so that there is now a broad engineering base to assist the development of future projects. Helium Cryogenics, 2nd edition brings these advances in helium cryogenics together in an updated form. As in the original edition, the author's approach is to survey the field of cryogenics with emphasis on helium fluids. This approach is more specialized and fundamental than that contained in other cryogenics books, which treat the associated range of cryogenic fluids. As a result, the level of treatment is more advanced and assumes a certain knowledge of fundamental engineering and physics principles, including some quantum mechanics. The goal throughout the work is to bridge the gap between the physics and engineering aspects of helium fluids to provide a source for engineers and scientists to enhance their usefulness in low-temperature systems. Dr. Van Sciver is a Distinguished Research Professor and John H. Gorrie Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Florida State University. He is also a Program Director at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL). Dr. Van Sciver joined the FAMU-FSU College of Engineering and the NHMFL in 1991, initiating and teaching a graduate program in magnet and materials engineering and in cryogenic thermal sciences and heat transfer. He also led the NHMFL development efforts of the cryogenic systems for the NHMFL Hybrid and 900 MHz NMR superconducting magnets. Between 1997 and 2003, he served as Director of Magnet Science and Technology at the NHMFL. Dr. Van Sciver is a Fellow of the ASME and the Cryogenic Society of America and American Editor for the journal Cryogenics. He is the 2010 recipient of the Kurt Mendelssohn Award. Prior to joining Florida State University, Dr. Van Sciver was Research Scientist and then Professor of Nuclear Engineering, Engineering Physics and Mechanical Engineering at the University of Wisconsin-Madison from 1976 to 1991. During that time he also served as the Associate Director of the Applied Superconductivity Center. Dr. Van Sciver received his PhD in Low Temperature Physics from the University of Washington-Seattle in 1976. He received his BS degree in Engineering Physics from Lehigh University in 1970. Dr. Van Sciver is author of over 200 publications and patents in low temperature physics, liquid helium technology, cryogenic engineering and magnet technology. The first edition of Helium Cryogenics was published by Plenum Press (1986). The present work is an update and expansion of that original project.
Cryogenic Process Engineering
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Author : Klaus D. Timmerhaus
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-06-29
Cryogenic Process Engineering written by Klaus D. Timmerhaus and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-06-29 with Science categories.
Cryogenics, a term commonly used to refer to very low temperatures, had its beginning in the latter half of the last century when man learned, for the first time, how to cool objects to a temperature lower than had ever existed na tu rally on the face of the earth. The air we breathe was first liquefied in 1883 by a Polish scientist named Olszewski. Ten years later he and a British scientist, Sir James Dewar, liquefied hydrogen. Helium, the last of the so-caBed permanent gases, was finally liquefied by the Dutch physicist Kamerlingh Onnes in 1908. Thus, by the beginning of the twentieth century the door had been opened to astrange new world of experimentation in which aB substances, except liquid helium, are solids and where the absolute temperature is only a few microdegrees away. However, the point on the temperature scale at which refrigeration in the ordinary sense of the term ends and cryogenics begins has ne ver been weB defined. Most workers in the field have chosen to restrict cryogenics to a tem perature range below -150°C (123 K). This is a reasonable dividing line since the normal boiling points of the more permanent gases, such as helium, hydrogen, neon, nitrogen, oxygen, and air, lie below this temperature, while the more common refrigerants have boiling points that are above this temperature. Cryogenic engineering is concerned with the design and development of low-temperature systems and components.
Cryogenic Engineering
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Author : Klaus D. Timmerhaus
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-11-12
Cryogenic Engineering written by Klaus D. Timmerhaus and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-11-12 with Science categories.
This is a benchmark reference work on Cryogenic Engineering which chronicles the major developments in the field. Starting with an historical background, this book reviews the development of data resources now available for cryogenic fields and properties of materials. It presents the latest changes in cryopreservation and the advances over the past 50 years. The book also highlights an exceptional reference listing to provide referral to more details.
Advanced Cryogenics
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Author : Colin Bailey
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1971-04
Advanced Cryogenics written by Colin Bailey and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1971-04 with Juvenile Nonfiction categories.
Cryogenic Safety
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Author : Thomas J. Peterson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-04-26
Cryogenic Safety written by Thomas J. Peterson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-26 with Science categories.
This book describes the current state of the art in cryogenic safety best practice, helping the reader to work with cryogenic systems and materials safely. It brings together information from previous texts, industrial and laboratory safety polices, and recent research papers. Case studies, example problems, and an extensive list of references are included to add to the utility of the text. It describes the unique safety hazards posed by cryogenics in all its guises, including issues associated with the extreme cold of cryogenics, the flammability of some cryogenic fluids, the displacement of oxygen by inert gases boiling off from cryogenic fluids, and the high pressures that can be formed during the volume expansion that occurs when a cryogenic fluid becomes a room temperature gas. A further chapter considers the challenges arising from the behavior of materials at cryogenic temperatures. Many materials are inappropriate for use in cryogenics and can fail, resulting in hazardous conditions. Despite these hazards, work at cryogenic temperatures can be performed safely. The book also discusses broader safety issues such as hazard analysis, establishment of a safe work culture and lessons learned from cryogenic safety in accelerator labs. This book is designed to be useful to everyone affected by cryogenic hazards regardless of their expertise in cryogenics.
Physics Of Cryogenics
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Author : Bahman Zohuri
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2017-11-17
Physics Of Cryogenics written by Bahman Zohuri and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-11-17 with Science categories.
Physics of Cryogenics: An Ultralow Temperature Phenomenon discusses the significant number of advances that have been made during the last few years in a variety of cryocoolers, such as Brayton, Joule-Thomson, Stirling, pulse tube, Gifford-McMahon and magnetic refrigerators. The book reviews various approaches taken to improve reliability, a major driving force for new research areas. The advantages and disadvantages of different cycles are compared, and the latest improvements in each of these cryocoolers is discussed. The book starts with the thermodynamic fundamentals, followed by the definition of cryogenic and the associated science behind low temperature phenomena and properties. This book is an ideal resource for scientists, engineers and graduate and senior undergraduate students who need a better understanding of the science of cryogenics and related thermodynamics. Defines the fundamentals of thermodynamics that are associated with cryogenic processes Provides an overview of the history of the development of cryogenic technology Includes new, low temperature tables written by the author Deals with the application of cryogenics to preserve objects at very low temperature Explains how cryogenic phenomena work for human cell and human body preservations and new medical approaches
The Art Of Cryogenics
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Author : Guglielmo Ventura
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2010-07-07
The Art Of Cryogenics written by Guglielmo Ventura and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-07 with Science categories.
Cryogenics is the study of low temperature interactions - temperatures well below those existing in the natural universe. The book covers a large spectrum of experimental cases, including basic vacuum techniques, indispensable in cryogenics. Guidance in solving experimental problems and numerous numerical examples are given, as are examples of the applications of cryogenics in such areas as underground detectors and space applications. Updated tables of low-temperature data on materials are also presented, and the book is supplemented with a rich bibliography. Researchers (graduate and above) in the fields of physics, engineering and chemistry with an interest in the technology and applications of low-temperature measurements, will find this book invaluable. Experiments described in technical detail Description of newest cryogenic apparatus Applications in multidisciplinary areas Data on cryogenic properties of new materials Current reference review
Safety In The Handling Of Cryogenic Fluids
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Author : Frederick J. Edeskuty
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-11-22
Safety In The Handling Of Cryogenic Fluids written by Frederick J. Edeskuty and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-11-22 with Science categories.
The importance of safety in any scientific endeavor is never in question. However, when cryogenic temperatures are involved, safety is especially important. In addition to observing the normal precautions, one must also take into account the variations of physical properties that occur at low temperatures. At these tempera tures, some properties not only exhibit large differences from their normal values but also can vary widely over a small temperature range. Before any cryogenic project is started, a thorough knowledge of the possible hazards is necessary. Only in this way can the safest operation be attained. Over the hundred-year history of cryogenic research, this has been shown to be the case. Keeping this requirement in mind is an essential ingredient in the quest for accident-free work. The past four or five decades have seen a great expansion of cryogenic technology. Cryogenic liquids, such as oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, and helium, have become commonly used in a number of different applications and are easily available in any part of the United States and, indeed, almost anywhere in the world. Not only are these liquids available, they have become less expensive and also available in ever larger quantities. As quantities increase, so also do the conse quences of mishaps. The future seems to hold promise of ever larger and more widespread use of the common cryogens. Thus, the importance of safety also increases as time progresses.
Advances In Cryogenic Engineering
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Author : R.W. Fast
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Advances In Cryogenic Engineering written by R.W. Fast and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Proceedings of the 1991 Cryogenic Engineering Conference held in Huntsville, Alabama, June 11-14, 1991.
Cryogenics Safety Manual
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Author : Safety British Cryogenics Council
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Cryogenics Safety Manual written by Safety British Cryogenics Council and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Cryogenics Safety Manual: A Guide to Good Practice, Third Edition promotes the safe application and development of low temperature engineering. The book also details the hazards involved in the operation, handling, and development of cryogenic devices. The text is divided into five chapters. Chapter 1 describes the health precautions and legislations involved in the field. Chapter 2 tackles the specific hazards and safety measures in handling and maintaining air separation plants. Chapter 3 discusses the precautions to be observed in the different procedures concerning natural gas, ethylene, and methane. Chapter 4 covers the proper safety measures and maintenance of plants and equipment designed to handle liquid and gas states of hydrogen at low temperatures, and Chapter 5 talks about the special precautions in handling helium, neon, krypton, and xenon. Chemists, physicists, engineers, and safety personnel involved in the field of cryogenics would benefit from this helpful guide.