Data Governance And The Regulation Of The Platform Economy
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Data Governance In Ai Fintech And Legaltech
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Author : Lee, Joseph
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2022-05-19
Data Governance In Ai Fintech And Legaltech written by Lee, Joseph and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-05-19 with Law categories.
A comprehensive overview of the governance of urban infrastructures, this Companion combines illustrative cases with conceptual approaches to offer an innovative perspective on the governance of large urban infrastructure systems. Chapters examine the challenges facing urban infrastructure systems, including financial, economic, technological, social, ecological, jurisdictional and demand.
Data Sharing For Digital Markets Contestability
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Author : Richard Feasey
language : en
Publisher: Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE)
Release Date : 2020-09-30
Data Sharing For Digital Markets Contestability written by Richard Feasey and has been published by Centre on Regulation in Europe asbl (CERRE) this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-30 with Technology & Engineering categories.
As the European Commission is preparing its Data Act, this new CERRE report provides concrete recommendations for effective data sharing governance, more specifically when a party has significant incentives not to share data. The forthcoming data act should provide better incentives to stimulate two forms of data sharing: individual users’ data sharing and bulk data sharing between firms. Data sharing is seen by many as an effective means to safeguard competition in digital markets, allowing smaller players to get access to precious data. The authors of the CERRE report, Richard Feasey and Alexandre de Streel, have analysed current EU rules imposing data sharing and conclude these do not provide the comprehensive governance framework needed for data sharing to effectively take place. “Given the incentives a gatekeeper platform may have not to share data, and the potential for this platform to leverage into other markets, we recommend imposing an obligation to share data”, explain Richard Feasey. “The most important and difficult task for regulators lies in determining the type and scope of data that is to be shared and which organisations should be obliged to share it. We conclude that better incentives and governance are needed to stimulate two forms of data sharing in the EU: data about individuals and bulk data between firms.” Regulating recipients as well as donors Regulation for data sharing should not be viewed as being limited to the oversight of a small number of large platforms that might be obliged to share data. It also requires strict oversight of potentially a very large number of smaller firms that might seek access to such data. Regulators will need to establish an effective and comprehensive system of regulation of both donors and recipients of data to guard against misuse and to ensure trust on all sides. Sharing individual users data Over time, the sharing or porting of data about individual users’ data could accumulate and be used for other purposes. For this reason, the authors recommend that obligations to share data about individual users should be quite extensive and apply to digital platforms which may be described as meeting the ‘gatekeeper minus’ threshold. The report encourages regulators to require the sharing of individual user data without any payment. If high transaction costs and uncertain users’ benefits prevent the effectiveness of this approach, policymakers should consider more radical approaches, such as allowing the use of an ‘opt-out’ option (rather than, the current ‘opt-in’) for the sharing of personal data in order to ensure fair competition in digital markets. The European Commission should consider provisions in the forthcoming Data Act to enable the use of ‘opt-out’ arrangements for the sharing of personal data to preserve market contestability under certain prescribed conditions. Although this may represent some loss of consumer sovereignty over their data, such a trade-off may need to be made if data sharing arrangements are to achieve their aim of ensuring contestability in digital markets. Bulk sharing of user data The competitive impact of the bulk transfer of aggregate user data could be significant since the volume of data to be shared is likely to be very substantial and may represent a significant proportion of the donor platform’s data assets. Since obtaining individual consent from every user would not be feasible in these circumstances, regulators and policymakers should consider other mechanisms to enable the bulk sharing of non-anonymised user data. Alternatively, regulators should consider requiring the platform that controls the data to allow third party access to the full data set so that third parties may train algorithms or otherwise derive the same sorts of insights from the data that are available to the incumbent. Recipients of aggregated data should be required to pay for the data, with the payment varying according to the volume and value of the data being shared (and not simply the costs of implementing the data sharing arrangements or storing the data). The primary concern here is to preserve incentives for both parties in the sharing arrangement to innovate and invest in existing or new digital services to acquire additional data for themselves. The Commission should undertake a study to consider how regulators would establish wholesale prices for data that was to be shared. The challenge ahead European policymakers should consider legislative changes with the Data Act to enable the sharing of personal data on an ‘opt-out’ basis under certain narrowly prescribed circumstances and to ensure contestability in digital markets. Finally, data sharing remedies that the report considers arise from the assumption that digital platforms will continue to derive significant market power from their centralised control of big data sets. Regulators and policymakers should also keep an eye on new technologies which might enable a much greater degree of decentralisation and wider distribution of data, thereby removing the very sources of market power which this report has sought to address. This report follows another CERRE research analysing the processes that turn data into economic value for online search, e-commerce and media platforms.
The Platform Economy
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Author : Maxim I. Inozemtsev
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-09-27
The Platform Economy written by Maxim I. Inozemtsev and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-09-27 with Law categories.
Digital ecosystems formed on the basis of digital platforms are significantly transforming modern reality. Today it is difficult to imagine life without LinkedIn, Facebook, or Amazon. The total income generated by them is estimated at trillions of dollars. Digital platforms are the main driving force of the digital economy. The impact and growth of digital platforms on social and economic processes today is difficult to overestimate. The pandemic has further deepened their influence on society, as almost all social communication and economic activity has moved to online format on digital platforms. The growth of the share of digital platforms in various segments of the economy was so rapid that regulators around the world were not ready for such large-scale transformations. All this has caused a number of crisis phenomena, when IT giants have grown into an independent branch of “power”, which has direct access to the personal and financial data of millions of citizens, and moreover, have the opportunity to directly influence them. This monograph is a unique publication in which, for the first time, a large-scale and sufficiently deep team of experts and scientists from various countries of the world studied in detail the multidimensional phenomenon of the “platform economy” and the measures taken by states to regulate these processes. The book will be interesting to a wide range of readers interested in the problems of the development of digital platforms and the developing branch of law and science – the law of digital platforms.
Perspectives On Digital Humanism
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Author : Hannes Werthner
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2021-11-23
Perspectives On Digital Humanism written by Hannes Werthner and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-11-23 with Computers categories.
This open access book aims to set an agenda for research and action in the field of Digital Humanism through short essays written by selected thinkers from a variety of disciplines, including computer science, philosophy, education, law, economics, history, anthropology, political science, and sociology. This initiative emerged from the Vienna Manifesto on Digital Humanism and the associated lecture series. Digital Humanism deals with the complex relationships between people and machines in digital times. It acknowledges the potential of information technology. At the same time, it points to societal threats such as privacy violations and ethical concerns around artificial intelligence, automation and loss of jobs, ongoing monopolization on the Web, and sovereignty. Digital Humanism aims to address these topics with a sense of urgency but with a constructive mindset. The book argues for a Digital Humanism that analyses and, most importantly, influences the complex interplay of technology and humankind toward a better society and life while fully respecting universal human rights. It is a call to shaping technologies in accordance with human values and needs.
The Law And Governance Of Decentralised Business Models
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Author : Roger M Barker
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2020-12-30
The Law And Governance Of Decentralised Business Models written by Roger M Barker and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-30 with Law categories.
This book draws together themes in business model developments in relation to decentralised business models (DBMs), sometimes referred to as the ‘sharing’ economy, to systematically analyse the challenges to corporate and organisational law and governance. DBMs include business networks, the global supply chain, public–private partnerships, the platform economy and blockchain-based enterprises. The law of organisational forms and governance has been slow in responding to changes, and reliance has been placed on innovations in contract law to support the business model developments. The authors argue that the law of organisations and governance can respond to changes in the phenomenon of decentralised business models driven by transformative technology and new socio-economic dynamics. They argue that principles underlying the law of organisations and governance, such as corporate governance, are crucial to constituting, facilitating and enabling reciprocality, mutuality, governance and redress in relation to these business models, the wealth-creation of which subscribes to neither a firm nor market system, is neither hierarchical nor totally decentralised, and incorporates socio-economic elements that are often enmeshed with incentives and relations. Of interest to academics, policymakers and legal practitioners, this book offers proposals for new thinking in the law of organisation and governance to advance the possibilities of a new socio-economic future.
Competition And Regulation In The Data Economy
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Author : Gintarè Surblytė-Namavičienė
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2020-10-30
Competition And Regulation In The Data Economy written by Gintarè Surblytė-Namavičienė and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-10-30 with Law categories.
This incisive book provides a much-needed examination of the legal issues arising from the data economy, particularly in the light of the expanding role of algorithms and artificial intelligence in business and industry. In doing so, it discusses the pressing question of how to strike a balance in the law between the interests of a variety of stakeholders, such as AI industry, businesses and consumers.
The Politics Of Platform Regulation
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Author : Postdoctoral Research Fellow Robert Gorwa
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2024-07
The Politics Of Platform Regulation written by Postdoctoral Research Fellow Robert Gorwa and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07 with Law categories.
In The Politics of Platform Regulation, Robert Gorwa outlines how governments are shaping the emerging space of online safety. Through case studies from Germany, the United States, New Zealand, and Australia, Gorwa explores the domestic and international politics that influence how, why, and when platform regulation comes into being. Going beyond existing work that explores the hidden private rules and practices increasingly shaping our online lives, The Politics of Platform Regulation is a measured empirical and theoretical account of how the state is pushing back.
Going Digital Guide To Data Governance Policy Making
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Author : OECD
language : en
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Release Date : 2022-12-14
Going Digital Guide To Data Governance Policy Making written by OECD and has been published by OECD Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-14 with categories.
The ubiquitous collection, use, and sharing of data that power today’s economies challenge existing governance frameworks and policy approaches. Drawing on the extensive research and analysis conducted at the OECD on data governance, on countries’ policies and practices, and the OECD legal instruments in this area, the Going Digital Guide to Data Governance Policy Making supports policy makers in navigating three fundamental policy tensions that characterise efforts to develop, revise, and implement policies for data governance across policy domains in the digital age.
Law And The Sharing Economy
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Author : Derek McKee
language : en
Publisher: University of Ottawa Press
Release Date : 2018-11-27
Law And The Sharing Economy written by Derek McKee and has been published by University of Ottawa Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-27 with Business & Economics categories.
Controversy shrouds sharing economy platforms. It stems partially from the platforms’ economic impact, which is felt most acutely in certain sectors: Uber drivers compete with taxi drivers; Airbnb hosts compete with hotels. Other consequences lie elsewhere: Uber is associated with a trend toward low-paying, precarious work, whereas Airbnb is accused of exacerbating real estate speculation and raising the cost of long-term rental housing. While governments in some jurisdictions have attempted to rein in the platforms, technology has enabled such companies to bypass conventional regulatory categories, generating accusations of “unfair competition” as well as debates about the merits of existing regulatory regimes. Indeed, the platforms blur a number of familiar distinctions, including personal versus commercial activity; infrastructure versus content; contractual autonomy versus hierarchical control. These ambiguities can stymie legal regimes that rely on these distinctions as organizing principles, including those relating to labour, competition, tax, insurance, information, the prohibition of discrimination, as well as specialized sectoral regulation. This book is organized around five themes: technologies of regulation; regulating technology; the sites of regulation (local to global); regulating markets; and regulating labour. Together, the chapters offer a rich variety of insights on the regulation of the sharing economy, both in terms of the traditional areas of law they bring to bear, and the theoretical perspectives that inform their analysis. Published in English.
Data Governance And Compliance
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Author : Rupa Mahanti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Data Governance And Compliance written by Rupa Mahanti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
This book sets the stage of the evolution of corporate governance, laws and regulations, other forms of governance, and the interaction between data governance and other corporate governance sub-disciplines. Given the continuously evolving and complex regulatory landscape and the growing number of laws and regulations, compliance is a widely discussed issue in the field of data. This book considers the cost of non-compliance bringing in examples from different industries of instances in which companies failed to comply with rules, regulations, and other legal obligations, and goes on to explain how data governance helps in avoiding such pitfalls. The first in a three-volume series on data governance, this book does not assume any prior or specialist knowledge in data governance and will be highly beneficial for IT, management and law students, academics, information management and business professionals, and researchers to enhance their knowledge and get guidance in managing their own data governance projects from a governance and compliance perspective. Rupa Mahanti, Ph.D. is a Business and Information Management consultant and has worked in different solution environments, industries and geographies. She helps clients with activities such as business process improvement, information management (such as DQ, DG, etc.), strategy and more. She is an associate editor at Software Quality Professional, and the author of Data Quality. "This book provides a great road map for anyone who's just been told by their immediate manager that they are now in charge of data governance for the company, and for anyone interested in the deep and fascinating world of governing today's large corporations, government entities, and non-profit organizations, and their impact on all of our lives." -Dan Power, Founder and President of Hub Solution Designs, Inc "Rupa Mahanti has written an essential and ambitious compendium on data governance. She provides a sweeping history on how we got to our present state and grounds her research and recommendations in interviews with business thinkers on data governance. Along the way, she sorts out some of the confusions that bedevil us--corporate governance vs management, IT governance vs data governance, regulatory compliance vs quality--as we try to make smart use of data to meet business goals. Organizations grappling with the challenges of compliance with regulations and standards will find robust ideas to aid their efforts. This book is a great resource for both academic and business practitioners." -Eileen Forrestor, CEO of Forrester Leadership Group, Author of CMMI for Services, Guidelines for Superior Service.