Democracy And Trade Policy In Developing Countries
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Democracy And Trade Policy In Developing Countries
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Author : Bumba Mukherjee
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2016-06-17
Democracy And Trade Policy In Developing Countries written by Bumba Mukherjee and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-06-17 with Business & Economics categories.
Since the 1970s, developing countries have experienced two notable trends: the rise of new democratic regimes and the rush to free trade. These joint trends have led some to argue that democracy and free-trade go hand in hand in the developing world, each supporting the other. Mukherjee argues that trade politics in developing countries resists such easy categorization. Instead, his book offers an innovative theoretical framework identifying the specific economic conditions and democratic institutions that influence trade policy in developing countries. He focuses particularly on the changing domestic political interactions among parties, party leaders, and labor and capital in developing nations. He draws upon large time-series datasets as well as cross-national survey data analysis to test hypotheses. Then, looking more closely at Brazil, India, Indonesia, and South Africa, he also provides comparative case-study evidence, such as within-country data on trade barriers and campaign contributions. The most comprehensive treatment of the subject to date, "Democracy and Trade Policy in Developing Countries" will be essential reading for scholars and policymakers alike, not only for the understanding it provides for trading strategies now, but for what it reveals about the prospects for international economic cooperation in the future.
Democracy And Trade Policy In Developing Countries
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Author : Helen V. Milner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Democracy And Trade Policy In Developing Countries written by Helen V. Milner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
What explains the variation in trade policy among democracies in developing countries? Why have some liberalized trade more than others? We analyze the impact of political particularism - defined as the degree of party discipline and the incentives for politicians to cultivate a personal vote - on trade protection. We present theoretical results from a model of particularism and its effects on tariffs; we present quantitative evidence to test the model; and then we develop a case study of India to illuminate it. Our model analyzes how an increase in particularism (that is, a shift from a party-centered to a more candidate-centered system) interacts with the degree of inter-industry occupational mobility of labor and the asset-specificity of industries to influence trade policies in developing democracies. Our model suggests that an increase in particularism induces leaders from the ruling and opposition parties to shift trade policy in equilibrium to the median voter's optimal preference, who in a developing society is a worker; and this means a reduction in trade barriers when labor mobility is high. Our data strongly support this conclusion. Our case study of India shows how the dynamics of a party-centered system operate to maintain higher trade barriers.
Democracy And The Skill Bias In Trade Policy In Developing Countries
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Author : Helen V. Milner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Democracy And The Skill Bias In Trade Policy In Developing Countries written by Helen V. Milner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
A growing body of research suggests that democracy promotes trade liberalization in developing countries. We argue that democracy in developing countries generates a "skill bias" in trade policy where democratic incumbents have incentives to increase tariffs on high skilled goods but reduce trade barriers on low skilled goods. Our model analyzes how electoral competition and interest group politics in the Heckscher-Ohlin economy of a democratic developing country affects trade protection on low and high skilled goods. It predicts that electoral competition induces the government to reduce trade barriers for low skilled goods to maximize the utility of the abundant factor, namely the low skilled median voter, who optimally prefers a reduction in tariffs for low skilled goods. At the same time, electoral politics also engenders lobbying pressure and campaign contributions from the scarce factor in the polity - the owners of skill-intensive industries (the interest group) - who prefers more trade protection for high skilled goods. The government rationally responds to contributions and electoral dividends generated by protecting skill-intensive industries from import competition by increasing tariffs on high skilled goods. Empirical tests conducted on a novel disaggregated industry-level dataset of trade protection for 92 developing countries from 1978-2004 provides robust statistical support for our theoretical predictions.
Saving Globalization
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Author : Mike Moore
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2011-11-09
Saving Globalization written by Mike Moore and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-11-09 with Political Science categories.
Globalization is not new, nor is it a policy, it’s a process that has existed as long as man looked over the horizon, travelled and traded. It can’t be stopped but it can be slowed. It came to a grinding halt in August 1914 and the Marxist detour cost millions of lives and lost three generations their opportunity and hope in many countries. More wealth has been created in the past 60 years than in all of history. After the most successful decade of sustained economic growth in history, this progress is threatened. Extreme inequality, corruption and environmental degradation threaten the stability and legitimacy of many developing countries’ regimes. Anti-globalization and anti-capitalist campaigners’ confidence has been emboldened due to the present economic crisis. Protectionist rhetoric is growing as are the arguments to control and regulate markets. Leaders are meeting to discuss how to face these problems and create a new international architecture. How did we get to this position? What should we do? What is it that determines why some contemporary states are successful while others have failed? Saving Globalization departs from its analysis of the globalised economy in the twenty-first century to answer these question by tracing the development of what Moore considers to be ‘the big ideas of history’: democracy, independent courts, the separation of church and state, property rights, independent courts, a professional civil service, and civil society. Democratic capitalism has worked for most people. Why? It is a remarkable story, from the Greeks to the Geeks, encompassing technological progress and the corrections and contradictions between liberty and equality, technology, growth and the environment. In defence of the many virtues and opportunities that globalisation offers, Mike Moore makes the case for a fresh and new approach to our international Institutions and for domestic policies that promote equity and fairness. The book controversially attacks the new enemies of reason and evidence. The threats now come from all sides, especially workers in developed countries who fear for their jobs. Mike Moore is a political practitioner turned theoretician.
Opening Up By Cracking Down
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Author : Adam Dean
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2022-10-06
Opening Up By Cracking Down written by Adam Dean and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-06 with Political Science categories.
How did democratic developing countries open their economies during the late-twentieth century? Since labor unions opposed free trade, democratic governments often used labor repression to ease the process of trade liberalization. Some democracies brazenly jailed union leaders and used police brutality to break the strikes that unions launched against such reforms. Others weakened labor union opposition through subtler tactics, such as banning strikes and retaliating against striking workers. Either way, this book argues that democratic developing countries were more likely to open their economies if they violated labor rights. Opening Up By Cracking Down draws on fieldwork interviews and archival research on Argentina, Mexico, Bolivia, Turkey, and India, as well as quantitative analysis of data from over one hundred developing countries to places labor unions and labor repression at the heart of the debate over democracy and trade liberalization in developing countries.
Handbook Of The International Political Economy Of Trade
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Author : David Deese
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2014-08-29
Handbook Of The International Political Economy Of Trade written by David Deese and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-08-29 with Business & Economics categories.
This accessible, comprehensive and pertinent Handbook will be of interest to academics, researchers and students working in the fields of international politics, in particular political economy and foreign policy, and the economics of trade.¾ Practitio
Democracy And Peace
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Author : M.L. Narasaiah
language : en
Publisher: Discovery Publishing House
Release Date : 2005
Democracy And Peace written by M.L. Narasaiah and has been published by Discovery Publishing House this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Democracy categories.
Contents: Democracy and the Market Economy, Democracy and Poverty, City Politics, A Nuclear Weapon Free World, Nuclear Arms Race on the Subcontinent, A Crucial Encounter, A Universal Responsibility, Science to What Purpose?, The Fabric of Peace, Trading Towards Peace, Peace and Poverty, Free Trade as Peacemaker, The End of the Old Order, One Battle After Another, High Court Trade Growth, Rural Poverty in India, Development, Consuming the Future, The Population Challenge, Population Growth and Jobs, Opening Markets for Agriculture, Market Access, Richer or Poorer?, Tapping the Market, Give Developing Countries a More Favourable Deal, Literacy Gaining too Slowly, The WTO and the Developing Countries, The Dematerialization of the World Economy, Crisis and New Orientation of Development Policy, A New World Order for Whom?
A Global Look To The Local
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Author : Colin Hines
language : en
Publisher: IIED
Release Date : 2004
A Global Look To The Local written by Colin Hines and has been published by IIED this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Agriculture and state categories.
Development Strategies Reconsidered
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Author : John John Prior Lewis
language : en
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Release Date : 1986
Development Strategies Reconsidered written by John John Prior Lewis and has been published by Transaction Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Business & Economics categories.
"First rate, comprehensive analysis-presented in a manner that makes it extremely valuable to policymakers."--Robert N. Nathan, Robert Nathan Associates In this volume, policy syntheses are proposed to reconcile the goals of growth, equity, and adjustment, to strike fresh balances between agricultural and industrial promotion and between capital and other inputs, and to reflect the interplay of democracy and development. This volume includes contributions by John P. Lewis, Irma Adelman, John W. Mellor, Jagdish N. Bhagwati, Leopoldo Solis, Aurelio Montemayor, Colin I. Bradford, Jr., Alex Duncan, and Atul Kohli.
Free Trade Sovereignty Democracy
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Author : Claude E. Barfield
language : en
Publisher: American Enterprise Institute Press
Release Date : 2001
Free Trade Sovereignty Democracy written by Claude E. Barfield and has been published by American Enterprise Institute Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Business & Economics categories.
A penetrating look at major challenges to the World Trade Organization and the future of trade liberalization. It also shows how the WTO is moving in a direction at odds with basic democratic principles. The author closes his analysis with some policy recommendations.
