Development Of A Mash Tl 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail
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Development Of A Mash Tl 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail
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Author : Oscar Pena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Development Of A Mash Tl 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail written by Oscar Pena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
A new steel, side-mounted, beam-and-post, bridge rail was designed, crash-tested, and evaluated according to safety performance guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) for Test Level 4 (TL-4). The new bridge rail system was designed to be compatible to multiple concrete bridge decks utilized by the States of Illinois and Ohio. Bridge rail configurations were designed and optimized based on weight per foot, constructability, and safety. Post-to-rail and rail-to-rail connections were designed for the new bridge rail. Several concepts for these connections were configured, and after discussion with representatives from the Illinois and Ohio DOTs, a preferred concept was selected for full-scale crash testing with a single-unit truck, a pickup truck, and a small car. The new bridge rail consisted of three tubular steel rail elements supported by W6x15 (W150x22.5) steel posts mounted to the exterior, vertical edge of the concrete deck and spaced on 8 ft (2.4 m) on centers. The top rail element was an HSS 12-in. x 4-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 304.8-mm x 101.6-mm x 6.4-mm) and the lower two rail elements were HSS 8-in. x 6-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 203.2-mm x 152.4-mm x 6.4-mm). The centerline heights of the rail elements were 37 in. (940 mm), 28 in. (711 mm), and 16 in. (406 mm) above the surface of the deck for the top, middle, and bottom rails, respectively. Three MASH TL-4 crash tests were performed on the new bridge rail, which successfully contained and redirected the MASH TL-4 vehicles. All occupant risk measures and evaluation criteria were within MASH limits. For MASH test designation no. 4-12 with the single-unit truck, the impact severity did not meet the minimum limit of 142.0 kip-ft (180.6 kJ). Thus, test designation no. 4-12 is recommended to be re-run. However, a maximum roll angle of 36 degrees and a dynamic deflection of 4.3 in. (109.2 mm) represent a positive indication that a subsequent test with a single-unit truck would likely meet MASH TL-4 impact safety criteria.
Development Of A Mash Test Level 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail
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Author : Oscar Pena
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Development Of A Mash Test Level 4 Steel Side Mounted Beam And Post Bridge Rail written by Oscar Pena and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Roads categories.
A new steel, side-mounted, beam-and-post, bridge rail was designed, crash-tested, and evaluated according to safety performance guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second Edition (MASH 2016) for Test Level 4 (TL-4). The new bridge rail system was designed to be compatible with multiple concrete bridge decks utilized by the States of Illinois and Ohio. Bridge rail configurations were designed and optimized based on weight per foot, constructability, and safety. Post-to-rail and rail-to-rail connections were designed for the new bridge rail. Several concepts for these connections were configured, and after discussion with representatives from Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation, a preferred concept was selected for full-scale crash testing with a single-unit truck (SUT), a pickup truck, and a small car. The new bridge rail consisted of three tubular steel rail elements supported by W6x15 (W150x22.5) steel posts mounted to the exterior, vertical edge of the concrete deck and spaced at 8 ft (2.4 m) on centers. The top rail element was an HSS 12-in. x 4-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 304.8-mm x 101.6-mm x 6.4-mm) and the lower two rail elements were HSS 8-in. x 6-in. x 1⁄4-in. (HSS 203.2-mm x 152.4-mm x 6.4-mm). The centerline heights of the rail elements were 37 in. (940 mm), 28 in. (711 mm), and 16 in. (406 mm) above the surface of the deck for the top, middle, and bottom rails, respectively. Four MASH 2016 TL-4 crash tests were performed on the new bridge rail, which successfully contained and redirected each of the MASH 2016 TL-4 vehicles. All occupant risk measures and evaluation criteria were within MASH 2016 limits. In the initial run of test designation no. 4-12, test no. STBR-1 with the SUT, the impact severity did not meet the minimum limit of 142.0 kip-ft (180.6 kJ). Thus, test designation no. 4-12 was re-run in test no. STBR-4, and the results met all MASH 2016 impact safety criteria, ensuring that the new bridge rail meets MASH 2016 TL-4 standards.
Development Of Post To Deck Connections For Use In A Mash Tl 4 Steel Tube Bridge Rail
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Author : Pascual Mauricio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Development Of Post To Deck Connections For Use In A Mash Tl 4 Steel Tube Bridge Rail written by Pascual Mauricio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with categories.
A new post-to-deck connection was designed for mounting an upcoming Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test Level 4 steel-tube bridge rail to the side of the bridge deck to limit impact load transferred to the deck and to minimize the propensity for deck damage during impacts. With preference for the bridge rail system to be compatible for use on all deck configurations, the Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation desired the new system to attach to bridge decks comprised of concrete slabs or precasted prestressed, concrete box-beam girders. A new post-to-deck connection for a new MASH 2016 TL-4 steel-tube bridge rail was developed and tested. The connection featured a W6x15 steel post to be side-mounted to the deck. The post-to-deck connection was designed to fully develop the plastic bending capacity of the W6x15 post without causing deck damage. Post anchorage hardware was also designed to sustain impact loads transferred to the deck while preventing deck damage. Four post-to-deck connection concepts were developed and optimized through dynamic component testing. Only lateral impacts were conducted on the design concepts, side-mounted to a concrete box-beam girder. For the dynamic component testing, post-to-deck connection concepts varied on the type of welded post assembly connecting to longitudinal tube spacers, which in turn mounted to various post anchorages casted within the concrete box-beam girder. The resulting damage from each test varied from plastic deformation of the post between two plate attachments on the post assembly or post bending above one singular plate attachment due to the development of a plastic hinge near the surface of the deck. The post-to-deck connection featuring a singular plate attachment with longitudinal tube spacers was recommended for use based on the post bending near the surface of the deck, as intended.
Development Of A Post To Deck Connection For A Tl 4 Steel Tube Bridge Rail
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Author : Pascual Mauricio
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Development Of A Post To Deck Connection For A Tl 4 Steel Tube Bridge Rail written by Pascual Mauricio and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Roads categories.
A new post-to-deck connection was designed for mounting an upcoming Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second Edition (MASH 2016) Test Level 4 (TL-4) steel-tube bridge rail to the side of the bridge deck to limit the impact load transferred to the deck and to minimize the propensity for deck damage during impacts. With preference for the bridge rail system to be compatible for use on all deck configurations, the Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation desired the new system to attach to bridge decks comprised of concrete slabs or precast prestressed, concrete box-beam girders. A new post-to-deck connection for a new MASH 2016 TL-4 steel-tube bridge rail was developed and tested. The connection featured a W6x15 steel post to be side-mounted to bridge decks. A post-to-deck connection concept was developed and optimized through dynamic component testing. Lateral impacts were conducted on the design concepts, side-mounted to a concrete box-beam girder. For the dynamic component testing, post-to-deck connection configurations varied on the type of welded post assembly connecting to longitudinal tubes, which in turn mounted to various anchors cast within the box-beam girder. The resulting damage from each test varied from plastic deformation of the post between two plate attachments on the post assembly or post bending above one plate attachment due to the development of a plastic hinge near the surface of the deck. The post-to-deck connection featuring a singular plate attachment was recommended for use based on the post bending near the surface of the deck, as intended.
Steel Railing Type Il Oh
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Author : Scott K. Rosenbaugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Steel Railing Type Il Oh written by Scott K. Rosenbaugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Bridges categories.
Over the past few years, the Midwest Roadside Safety Facility worked with the Illinois and Ohio Departments of Transportation to develop a new side-mounted, steel tube bridge rail to satisfy the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware, Second Edition (MASH) Test Level 4 (TL-4) safety performance criteria. The new bridge rail was designed to be adaptable to multiple bridge deck configurations, including cast-in-place concrete slabs and prestressed box-beam decks. The system was designed to remain crashworthy after the placement of a future roadway overlay up to 3 in. thick. The final design incorporated three HSS tube rails supported by W6x15 posts spaced at 8 ft on-center. Additionally, a transition from the Midwest Guardrail System (MGS) to the new side-mounted, steel tube bridge rail was developed to satisfy MASH TL-3 criteria. The approach guardrail transition (AGT) incorporated the MGS upstream stiffness transition and 34-in. tall nested thrie-beam to account for future overlays. A distance of 9 ft was established between the last AGT post and the first bridge rail post in order to span over any structures that may prohibit post installation (abutments, wing walls and/or drainage features) Specialized HSS end rails were developed to extend between the adjacent bridge and AGT posts and provide the strength required to redirect errant vehicles. The development and full-scale testing of both the bridge rail and the transition were documented in previous reports. This report, the fourth in the series, summarizes the development and evaluation of the systems, contains CAD details and component variation descriptions, and provides implementation guidance for the Steel Railing Type IL-OH and its associated transition.
Development And Testing Of An Optimized Mash Tl 4 Concrete Bridge Rail
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Author : Scott K. Rosenbaugh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Development And Testing Of An Optimized Mash Tl 4 Concrete Bridge Rail written by Scott K. Rosenbaugh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Bridges categories.
A new concrete bridge rail was developed and optimized using recently updated Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) Test-Level 4 (TL-4) design loads. The rail was optimized to maximize vehicle stability, minimize installation costs, and mitigate the potential for deck damage by minimizing loads transferred to the deck. Additionally, the bridge rail was designed with a 39-in. installation height so that it would remain crashworthy after future roadway overlays up to 3 in. thick. The barrier had a front face with a 3-degree slope (i.e., batter) away from vertical to promote vehicle stability during impacts while also providing some slope to allow for slipforming real-world installations. Yield-line theory was utilized to design both interior and end regions of the barrier. Further, minimum deck strengths were determined and a deck overhang design procedure was provided for users desiring to modify their existing deck details. Finally, MASH test designation no. 4-12 was conducted on the new bridge rail to evaluate its safety performance as well as the potential for damage to the barrier and bridge deck. In test no. 4CBR-1, the 22,198-lb single-unit truck impacted the concrete bridge rail at a speed of 57.6 mph and an angle of 16 degrees. The single-unit truck was successfully contained and redirected, and all safety performance criteria were within acceptable limits as defined in MASH. Therefore, test no. 4CBR-1 was determined to be acceptable according to MASH test designation no. 4-12. Conclusions and recommendations for implementation were provided.
Mash Tl 3 Evaluation Of Guardrail To Rigid Barrier Transition Attached To Bridge Or Culvert Structure
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Author : William F. Williams (Transportation engineer)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Mash Tl 3 Evaluation Of Guardrail To Rigid Barrier Transition Attached To Bridge Or Culvert Structure written by William F. Williams (Transportation engineer) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Automobiles categories.
Texas Transportation Institute (TTI) researchers performed an extensive literature review of bridge railing transitions crash tested to Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) TL-3, and incorporated the information obtained from this review into the design and details for the new transition testing developed for this project. TTI researchers developed concepts for the new transition anchored to a concrete wing wall. TTI researchers developed a full-scale, three-dimensional finite element model of the guardrail transition. The modeling effort included developing and validating a subcomponent level model of the post installed on concrete. Upon completion of the simulations, TTI researchers processed the results and assessed the likelihood of the transition system passing the required MASH crash tests. TTI researchers noted the design deficiencies and recommended design modifications to the system to mitigate those deficiencies. TTI researchers developed full-scale test installation drawings of the design after the finite element model simulations were completed and all the results were reviewed with favorable results. After approval of the test installation drawings by Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT), construction of a full-scale test installation for crash testing commenced, and crash tests were performed on the full-scale test installation. The Guardrail to Rigid Barrier Transition Attached to Bridge or Culvert Structure, used on the upstream and downstream ends, performed acceptably for MASH TL-3 transitions.
Development Of A Tl 3 Deep Beam Tubular Backup Bridge Rail
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Development Of A Tl 3 Deep Beam Tubular Backup Bridge Rail written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Bridge railings categories.
The objective of this study is to investigate the performance of the Ohio Department of Transportation (ODOT) Deep Beam bridge rail system per the National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Report 350 TL-3. Analytical study, computer simulation, and testing approach are to be addressed to accomplish the objective of this study. The final expected product is a design of the ODOT Deep Beam bridge rail system with any needed retrofit that will bring the system in compliance with the NCHRP Report 350 performance criteria per TL-3. The modified ODOT Deep Beam bridge rail design is shown to be successfully able to pass NCHRP Report 350 Test Level 3 assessment criteria. This conclusion is based on engineering strength analysis and nonlinear finite element simulation. The added rail on the top of the bridge rail helped reduced potential vehicular dynamics instability that may occur if only the original rail (less height) was used. Also, the additional lower rail (rub rail) provided protection against tire snagging in the opening below the main rail and the deck. This snagging mode could be detrimental for small vehicle impacts due to the subsequent excessive deformation and increased ridedown acceleration. This system can be implemented in the field subsequent to Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Office of Safety approval of the simulation results presented herein or the full scale crash tests that were recommended. The modified design presented herein represents a retrofit that can be installed by a qualified construction crew. The research team recommends using the ODOT transition GR-3.4. A modification is suggested for that transition detail to accommodate the added top and rub rails in the modified ODOT Deep Beam bridge rail. One example would be to turn the top rail toward the middle rail at an angle and to extend the rub rail along a few transition posts and then turn it back toward the field side.
Mash Tl 4 Evauation Of The Txdot Type C2p Bridge Rail
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Author : William F. Williams (Transportation engineer)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Mash Tl 4 Evauation Of The Txdot Type C2p Bridge Rail written by William F. Williams (Transportation engineer) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with Bridge railings categories.
The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact performance of the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) Type C2P Bridge Rail according to the safety-performance evaluation guidelines included in the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) for Test Level Four (TL-4). This report describes the TxDOT Type C2P Bridge Rail, documents the impact performance of the bridge rail system according to MASH TL-4 evaluation criteria for longitudinal barriers, and presents recommendations regarding implementation. MASH Tests 4-10 and 4-11 evaluate a barrier's ability to successfully contain and redirect passenger vehicles and evaluate occupant risk. MASH Test 4-12 evaluates the structural adequacy of the bridge rail. All three tests were performed on the TxDOT Type C2P Bridge Rail. For Test 4-12, the post welds were not properly fabricated according to the project design drawings. As a result, some post welds in the immediate impact area did rupture from the MASH Test 4-12 truck impact. These ruptured post welds did aggravate the stability of the single unit truck during the test. For subsequent tests, the posts were welded correctly as per the project drawings. The bridge rail posts, with the correct post welds, should only improve the performance of the single unit truck. The TxDOT Type C2P Bridge Rail performed acceptably for MASH TL-4.
Adapation Of Concrete And Timber Bridge Railings For Low Volume Traffic
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Author : Russell W. Masterson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Adapation Of Concrete And Timber Bridge Railings For Low Volume Traffic written by Russell W. Masterson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
Bridge railings are a safety feature to protect the traveling public by containing and redirecting errant vehicles during run-off-road (ROR) events. Most bridge railing design and evaluation efforts have focused on ROR crashes on high-volume roads. Bridge railings for low-volume roads can be designed for lower impact speeds, so railings designed for high-volume roads are unnecessarily robust for low-volume applications and can be optimized to reduce costs for bridge owners while still providing adequate safety. The aim of this research has been focused on improving the design of two low-volume bridge railing systems for use by the United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Missoula Technology and Development (USDA-FS-MTDD) The first modified barrier system was originally a low-height reinforced concrete barrier designed for National Cooperative Highway Research Program Report No. 350, Test Level 2 standards (NCHRP 350 TL-2). In this research, the barrier was redesigned and optimized to meet Manual for Assessing Safety Hardware (MASH) TL-1 requirements by reducing railing dimensions and reinforcement. Additionally, construction guidance was developed for installation on concrete bridge decks of various thicknesses and overhang widths. AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications were utilized to evaluate crashworthiness and structural adequacy of the modified barrier design and the deck’s structural adequacy for lateral impact loads, vertical loads of vehicles leaning on the top of the barrier during impact events, and design traffic loads traveling adjacent to the barrier in routine service. The second bridge deck and rail system featured a transverse nail-laminated deck with a low-height timber bridge rail mounted at the edge of the deck. The original deck with railing was crashworthy, but the deck was associated with higher labor costs and more susceptible to deterioration. Further, the agency desired it be used on transverse glulam timber decks. Thus, a study was begun to adapt the railing system for use on transverse glulam decks, which would also increase the durability and likely lower the onsite construction time and labor cost of the deck system. Component tests were performed on the original and modified deck systems to confirm the acceptable performance of the modified system. From the component testing results, the glulam rail and scupper blocks installed on a transverse glulam deck resisted more lateral force, absorbed more energy, and had higher initial linear stiffness as compared to the same rail and scupper blocks installed on a transverse nail-laminated deck. Thus, the low-height, glulam timber bridge railing installed on a transverse, glulam deck will provide equal or greater safety performance as compared to the same bridge rail installed on a transverse, nail-laminated deck. As a result, the low-height, glulam timber bridge rail installed on a transverse glulam deck has also been deemed adequate for use in MASH TL-1 applications.