Developmental Plasticity Of The Glutamate Synapse
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Developmental Plasticity Of The Glutamate Synapse
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Developmental Plasticity Of The Glutamate Synapse written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Developmental Plasticity At Glutamatergic Synapses In Mouse Somatosensory Cortex
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Author : Corinna Gabriele Walz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Developmental Plasticity At Glutamatergic Synapses In Mouse Somatosensory Cortex written by Corinna Gabriele Walz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Developmental Plasticity In The Mouse Calyx Of Held Mntb Synapse Microform
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Author : Indu Joshi
language : en
Publisher: National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada
Release Date : 2004
Developmental Plasticity In The Mouse Calyx Of Held Mntb Synapse Microform written by Indu Joshi and has been published by National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.
We next showed a genuine voltage- and developmental-dependence in AMPAR kinetic properties and in their underlying quantal events. AMPARs at all ages were effectively blocked by polyamines suggesting a lack of GluR2 in synaptic AMPARs. Our proposal that AMPAR kinetics may be determined by a developmental alteration in the relative abundance of slow gating GluR1 to fast gating GluR3/4 was supported by immunohistochemical analysis and biophysical assays in outside-out patches. Fast AMPAR kinetics was shown to be essential for transmission at high rates without compromising spike amplitude. Thus changes in EPSC kinetics are required for maintaining reliability of synaptic transmission.Little is known about the precise mechanisms that allow high fidelity transmission at specialized synapses in the auditory brainstem pathway where timing information is preserved during sound localization. Being axosomatic, the calyx of Held-medial nucleus of the trapezoid body (MNTB) synapse is an ideal model for studying developmental changes that contribute to this neurotransmission as reliable voltage-clamp recordings of excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) can be made.We found that NMDARs are rapidly reduced following the onset of sensory inputs. Using pharmacological agents, we showed coincident activation of group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) and NMDARs was required to facilitate NMDAR reduction and that removal of surface NMDARs occurred via clathrin-dependent endocytosis. Pairing presynaptic tetanus bursts with postsynaptic depolarization also induced NMDAR reduction, implicating physiological relevance. This reduction ultimately improved the fidelity of spike firing during high-frequency synaptic activity. Synaptic activity may be therefore be the driving force for gradually phasing out NMDARs from postsynaptic neurons during development.We found a significant age-dependence in the size of EPSCs and whole-cell currents. Shorter decay time constants of NMDA and AMPA receptors (NMDAR, AMPAR) during maturation suggested possible changes in subunit composition. As subunit switching alone could not explain the faster NMDAR kinetics, we suggest morphological changes in the presynaptic calyx may affect glutamate binding. Additionally, developmental differences in synaptic fidelity, depression and recovery from this depression implicated their importance in maintaining high frequency transmission.These results provide important steps towards a comprehensive understanding of both fundamental and specific processes that are critical for the development of synaptic transmission in the calyx of Held-MNTB synapse.
Biology Of The Nmda Receptor
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Author : Antonius M. VanDongen
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2008-10-29
Biology Of The Nmda Receptor written by Antonius M. VanDongen and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-10-29 with Medical categories.
The NMDA receptor plays a critical role in the development of the central nervous system and in adult neuroplasticity, learning, and memory. Therefore, it is not surprising that this receptor has been widely studied. However, despite the importance of rhythms for the sustenance of life, this aspect of NMDAR function remains poorly studied. Written
Glutamate Related Biomarkers In Drug Development For Disorders Of The Nervous System
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Author : Institute of Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2011-08-05
Glutamate Related Biomarkers In Drug Development For Disorders Of The Nervous System written by Institute of Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-05 with Medical categories.
Glutamate is the most pervasive neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). Despite this fact, no validated biological markers, or biomarkers, currently exist for measuring glutamate pathology in CNS disorders or injuries. Glutamate dysfunction has been associated with an extensive range of nervous system diseases and disorders. Problems with how the neurotransmitter glutamate functions in the brain have been linked to a wide variety of disorders, including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, substance abuse, and traumatic brain injury. These conditions are widespread, affecting a large portion of the United States population, and remain difficult to treat. Efforts to understand, treat, and prevent glutamate-related disorders can be aided by the identification of valid biomarkers. The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Neuroscience and Nervous System Disorders held a workshop on June 21-22, 2010, to explore ways to accelerate the development, validation, and implementation of such biomarkers. Glutamate-Related Biomarkers in Drug Development for Disorders of the Nervous System: Workshop Summary investigates promising current and emerging technologies, and outlines strategies to procure resources and tools to advance drug development for associated nervous system disorders. Moreover, this report highlights presentations by expert panelists, and the open panel discussions that occurred during the workshop.
Neural Plasticity And Memory
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Author : Federico Bermudez-Rattoni
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2007-04-17
Neural Plasticity And Memory written by Federico Bermudez-Rattoni and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-04-17 with Psychology categories.
A comprehensive, multidisciplinary review, Neural Plasticity and Memory: From Genes to Brain Imaging provides an in-depth, up-to-date analysis of the study of the neurobiology of memory. Leading specialists share their scientific experience in the field, covering a wide range of topics where molecular, genetic, behavioral, and brain imaging techniq
Dynamics Of Synapse Function During Postnatal Development And Homeostatic Plasticity In Central Neurons
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Author : Kevin Fu-Hsiang Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Dynamics Of Synapse Function During Postnatal Development And Homeostatic Plasticity In Central Neurons written by Kevin Fu-Hsiang Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
The Neuroscience Of Adolescence
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Author : Adriana Galván
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2017-07-10
The Neuroscience Of Adolescence written by Adriana Galván and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-07-10 with Medical categories.
Written by an award-winning developmental neuroscientist, this is a comprehensive and cutting-edge account of the latest research on the adolescent brain.
Synaptic Plasticity In The Hippocampus
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Author : Helmut L. Haas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Synaptic Plasticity In The Hippocampus written by Helmut L. Haas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Medical categories.
This is the second time that I have had the honor of opening an interna tional symposium dedicated to the functions of the hippocampus here in Pecs. It was a pleasure to greet the participants in the hope that their valuable contributions will make this meeting a tradition in this town. As one of the hosts of the symposium, I had the sorrowful duty to remind you of the absence of a dear colleague, Professor Graham God dard. His tragic and untimely death represents the irreparable loss of both a friend and an excellent researcher. This symposium is dedicated to his memory. If I compare the topics of the lectures of this symposium with those of the previous one, a striking difference becomes apparent. A dominating tendency of the previous symposium was to attempt to define hippocam pal function or to offer data relevant to supporting or rejecting existing theoretical positions. No such tendency is reflected in the titles of the present symposium, in which most of the contributions deal with hip pocampal phenomena at the most elementary level. Electrical, biochemi cal, biophysical, and pharmacological events at the synaptic, membrane, or intracellular level are analyzed without raising the question of what kind of integral functions these elementary phenomena are a part of.
Developmental Plasticity Of Inhibitory Circuitry
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Author : Sarah L. Pallas
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2009-12-09
Developmental Plasticity Of Inhibitory Circuitry written by Sarah L. Pallas and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-12-09 with Medical categories.
Neuroscience has long been focused on understanding neural plasticity in both development and adulthood. Experimental work in this area has focused almost entirely on plasticity at excitatory synapses. A growing body of evidence suggests that plasticity at inhibitory GABAergic and glycinergic synapses is of critical importance during both development and aging. The book brings together the work of researchers investigating inhibitory plasticity at many levels of analysis and in several different preparations. This topic is of wide relevance across a number of different areas of research in neuroscience and neurology. Medical problems such as epilepsy, mental illness, drug abuse, and movement disorders can result from malfunctioning inhibitory circuits. Further, the maturation of inhibitory circuits may trigger the onset of critical periods of neural circuit plasticity, raising the possibility that such plastici periods could be reactivated for medical benefit by manipulating inhibitory circuitry.