Diabetes Knowledge Self Effecacy Social Support And Diabetes Self Management Affecting Type Ii Diabetes Outcomes In Qataris
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Diabetes Knowledge Self Effecacy Social Support And Diabetes Self Management Affecting Type Ii Diabetes Outcomes In Qataris
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Author : Fatemah Ali Pouladi (RN)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Diabetes Knowledge Self Effecacy Social Support And Diabetes Self Management Affecting Type Ii Diabetes Outcomes In Qataris written by Fatemah Ali Pouladi (RN) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Non-insulin-dependent diabetes categories.
Background: Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) is increasing worldwide, leading to greater health expenses, and its complications were responsible for 4.6 million deaths in 2011 (International Diabetes Federation [IDF], 2011). This study investigates how diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, and self-management relate to diabetes control. Self-efficacy and social support were examined, respectively, as a mediator and a moderator. The hypothesis is that there is a directional relationship between the concepts of diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, self-management, and the outcome, glycemic control. Method: A convenience sample of 259 Qataris with type II diabetes mellitus were recruited from Hamad Medical Corporation’s outpatient clinics and Home Healthcare Services (HHCS) in Qatar. Using a cross-sectional correlational design, correlation/regression coefficient tests were used to examine the relationships among these variables and their effect on the dependent variable, glycemic control. Participants responded to a set of questionnaires independently, via telephone, or in-person interviews. The following instruments were used: the Diabetes Knowledge Test (DKT), Self-Efficacy for Diabetes (SED) scale, Social Support by Medical Outcomes Study (MOS), the Self-Management Profile for Type 2 Diabetes (SMP-T2D), and the patients' glycemic control was measured by glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). The collected data were entered into a computer database and patient confidentiality was strictly maintained. Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple, and hierarchical multiple regression were used to analyze the relationships among the variable; in addition, the mediating effect of self-efficacy, and the moderating effect of social support were tested. Results: The study sample’s age averaged 50.7 years (SD=13.0). The duration of diabetes averaged 9.30 years (SD=8.1); the average blood glucose was 176.8 mg/dl (SD= 77.8), and the average HbA1c was 8.6% (SD= 2.2). There was no relationship between diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, social support, self-management and glycemic control for adult Qataris with type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, self-efficacy did not mediate the relationship between diabetes knowledge and self-management, nor did social support moderate the relationship between self-management and HbA1c. Conclusion: No relationships were found in this sample of Qatari older adults with type 2 diabetes. Future research is needed with larger samples to examine how these and other cultural factors explain glycemic control in this population.
Patient Knowledge Perceived Self Efficacy And Self Management Among Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus
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Author : Razel Bacuetes Milo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Patient Knowledge Perceived Self Efficacy And Self Management Among Patients With Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus written by Razel Bacuetes Milo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with Diabetes categories.
In the United States (U.S.), Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) has reached epidemic portions with a prevalence of approximately 29.1 million people and is the seventh-leading cause of death (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2014; Healthy People 2020, n.d.). The U.S. spends an estimated $245 billion in direct and indirect medical costs. The indirect costs include disability and lost productivity (CDC, 2014). Previous studies focusing on diabetes education acknowledge the significance of self-management activities in managing T2DM. Extant studies examining self-management and treatment outcomes for persons with T2DM have paid limited attention to the relationship between patients' disease perceptions, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, self-management practices, and glycemic control. The purpose of this investigation was to identify factors and outcomes associated with healthy diabetes self-management practices among a cohort of individuals with T2DM residing in southern California. Nola Pender's Health Promotion Model (Pender et al., 2015) guided the study. Specific aims include: 1) Provide conceptual clarity for the phenomenon of perception through a concept analysis using Walker and Avant (2011) methodology, 2) Identify factors and outcomes associated with diabetes self-management through a systematic review of the literature, and 3) Examine relationships among perceived self-efficacy, specific patient characteristics, diabetic knowledge, self-management practices, and HbA1C values among a sample of individuals with T2DM living in southern California. The research aims provided the structure to generate new scientific data and evidence towards the improvement of self-management practices and those characteristics leading to improved HbA1C outcomes.
Understanding The Factors Influencing Diabetes Self Management In Chinese People With Type 2 Diabetes Using Structural Equation Modeling
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Understanding The Factors Influencing Diabetes Self Management In Chinese People With Type 2 Diabetes Using Structural Equation Modeling written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Background: It China, more than 20 million people were diagnosed with diabetes in 2000 and it was estimated there would be 42.3 million people with diabetes by 2030 (Wild, Roglic, Green, Sicree, & King, 2004). Diabetes mellitus self-management (DMSM) is considered the cornerstone for controlling diabetes and preventing diabetic complications. To develop effective interventions to promote DMSM in China, it is critical to identify the factors influencing DMSM relevant to this population. The purposes of this study were to test a hypothesized model describing the effects of individual and environmental factors on DMSM in patients with type 2 diabetes in China, and to test if the estimated effects are the same between two subgroups, patients treated with insulin vs. patients treated without insulin. The individual factors included diabetes knowledge, beliefs of treatment effectiveness, and diabetes self-efficacy. Environmental factors included social support from family members and provider-patient communication. Methods: A cross-sectional survey research design was used in this study. The study was conducted at a major hospital in Beijing China. A convenience sample of 201 Chinese adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who attended the outpatient department of the Endocrinology unit at the hospital from September 2004 to November 2004 was obtained for this study. Data were collected using a self-reported questionnaire. Structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis was conducted to test the hypothesized model, and examine and explore the relationships between and among the individual and environmental factors and DMSM. Findings: The initial hypothesized model did not fit the observed data. Based on statistical findings and theoretical soundness, the model was modified. The final model had a good fit to the data. The key findings were that belief in treatment effectiveness and diabetes self-efficacy were key proximal factors affecting DMSM. Knowledge and the environmental factors indirectly affected DMSM through belief in treatment effectiveness and self-efficacy. The findings based on the multi-group SEM analysis indicated that patient-provider communication was a more important factor affecting DMSM for the insulin-treated subgroup, while family support was more important for the non-insulin treated subgroup. Conclusions: The good fit of the final model indicated that significant determinants of DMSM described in American studies were also important predictors of DMSM in Chinese with diabetes. The model illustrated that individual and environmental factors affected DMSM both directly and indirectly. Understanding the complex relationships between and among the individual and environmental factors and DMSM helps the practitioner to design intervention programs promoting DMSM using a more comprehensive approach. The practitioner should also be aware of the differences between the subgroups when developing intervention programs.
Self Efficacy And Social Support As Predictors Of Diabetic Self Care
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Author : Mary Katherine Crabtree
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Self Efficacy And Social Support As Predictors Of Diabetic Self Care written by Mary Katherine Crabtree and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Diabetes categories.
Developing A Diabetes Self Management Education Program
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Author : Loquintha Rex
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Developing A Diabetes Self Management Education Program written by Loquintha Rex and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
Problem: Pre-diabetes is an insidious condition that commonly persists for many years while progressing on to diabetes type 2. As many as 39% of patients who present with a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes already have the presence of diabetes complications at initial diagnosis. Diabetes has become an epidemic that continues to escalate annually. Diabetes can affect multiple organ systems and lead to serious debilitating complications. Ventura County is consumed with many diabetics. There are not any comprehensive diabetes education programs in the county. Purpose/Scope: The purpose of this evidence-based practice intervention was to evaluate the effectiveness of a Diabetes self-management education (DSME) program on patient's health care utilization, medication use, self-efficaacy for diabetes and general disease management and ability to exercise, and glucose testing. A pres-test/post-test design was utilized to survey subjects participating in the program. The participants received education in four sequential sessions delivered at consistent time intervals over an eight week period. Goal: The goal of developing this program was to empower patients to develop the knowledge and skills necessary to improve health outcomes and to provide access to a diabetes self-management education program open to the general public residing in Ventura County in hopes to improve patient's lives by reducing potential long-term diabetes complications following gaining knowledge of preventative care, improving early diabetes diagnosis, and reducing the workload of primary care practices. Objectives: the objectives of this project included: following the completion of the DSME program, the subject will gain improved scores on the Chronic Disease Self-Efficacy Scales: Exercise Regularly, Manage Disease in General, Health Care Utilizations, Glucose Testing, and self-efficacy to perform self-management behaviors comparing pre-course versus post-course scores. Plan: Phase I and II involved developing the proposal draft and submitting the document to the GPD. The proposal was submitted to the IRB and approved on 3/20/2007. The class content slides were finalized. Phase III involved recruiting subjects and advertising. The classes began April 9, 2007 and continued for four separate sessions through 5/14. Pre-test and post-test questionnaires were handed out to subjects on the first day and last day of classes. Following completion, the data was analyzed. Outcomes and Results: The pre-test and post-test mean scores were compared using paired t-test and the differences were statistically significant.
Peer Support Interventions To Improve Diabetes Management
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Author : Lal B. Rawal
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Peer Support Interventions To Improve Diabetes Management written by Lal B. Rawal and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.
Background: As in other countries, Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a major public health problem in Australia. The disease can have a significant negative impact on health and quality of life; it increases the risk of disability and early death and consequently, it contributes to very significant individual as well as societal economic losses. Many different approaches and strategies have been proposed to improve management of diabetes and support of those people with T2DM. However, improvements in health literacy, appropriate access to and utilisation of health services and maintenance of healthy behaviours, which are all essential for diabetes self-management, still remain a big challenge in all countries. In recent years, peer support interventions have been proposed as one way of improving support for people with diabetes, and thereby leading to improved self-management, and perhaps also, improved diabetes and other health outcomes. However, the evidence base for this approach is still uncertain. Methods: The findings presented in this thesis are derived from a cluster randomised community-based trial to evaluate a peer support intervention involving people with T2DM in the state of Victoria, Australia. The intervention focused on key functions of diabetes self-management that included daily self-management, social and emotional supports, linkages to clinical care and continuity of care. The data collected are used to determine the extent to which people with T2DM are able to achieve targets according to the Royal Australian Collage of General Practitioners (RACGP) Guidelines for T2DM management. The thesis also examines the impact of a peer support intervention on diabetes knowledge, utilisation of health services, diabetes self-care behaviour, self-efficacy in diabetes self-management and satisfaction with general practice (GP) care. Further, it reviews currently available evidence concerning prevention and management of T2DM in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) as a step towards evaluating the importance of undertaking more research related to diabetes self-management in resource constrained settings. Results: At baseline, the majority of people with T2DM had visited a GP (92%) and had their HbA1c measured (92%) in the last 6 months; but, less than one-third (29%) had visited a practice nurse during the same period. Fifty percent had achieved an HbA1c target of ≤7.0%, 40% a total cholesterol ≤4.00mmol/L, 39% BP Systolic ≤130 mmHg, 51% BP Diastolic ≤80 mmHg, 15% body mass index ≤25kg/m2 and 34% had a moderately intense level of physical activity ≥30minutes, five days a week. At 6-month follow-up of a peer support intervention, peer support participants showed a trend towards improvement in some aspects of diabetes knowledge compared with controls, particularly "knowledge of HbA1c test as a measure of average blood glucose level" (intervention participants improved by 7%, whereas controls declined by 8%, odds ratio (OR) = 2.4, 95% CI 1.4 to 4.2, p=0.002). The mean diabetes self-care behaviour scores increased in peer support participants whereas controls exhibited little change; difference between the groups' mean change scores = 0.3 (95% CI 0.1 to 0.5, p=0.01). The peer support participants were observed to have improved satisfaction on all aspects of GP care compared with controls; however, only the difference in satisfaction with care from a Practice Nurse was statistically significant (mean difference 0.4, 95% CI: 0.1 to 0.7, p=0.03). In addition, while the peer support participants indicated a trend towards improvement in all aspects of self-efficacy in diabetes self-management, none of these improvements were statistically significant, when compared with changes observed for control participants. The improving trend was also observed in the achievement of some measures of clinical outcomes at 6-month than at baseline in the intervention arm compared with controls, however, most of the measures remained unchanged. For example, the proportion of participants who achieved HbA1c ≤7% increased by 6% in the peer support arm compared with a 3% decline in controls, however, this difference was not significant (OR 1.3, 95% CI 0.6 to 2.8, p=0.6). The results based on a published review paper presented in Chapter 7 are indicative of lifestyle and non-pharmacological interventions improving diet and physical activity levels in a number of LMICs. The interventions were found to be effective in reducing the risk of developing T2DM in people with impaired glucose tolerance, and improving glycaemic control in people with T2DM. Conclusions: These results provide a possibility that the Australians with T2DM may benefit from involvement in a community-based peer supporter-led intervention. However, more research is needed to demonstrate the clear benefits of such interventions. While there is a high burden of T2DM in LMICs, these countries lack effective programs to manage diabetes effectively. The findings presented in Chapter 7 and the initial discussion made in Chapter 8 on potential uptake of peer support program in LMICs suggest the need for development and evaluation of cost-effective and culturally appropriate intervention approaches that build on available resources in LMICs.
Combining The Common Sense Model Cognitive Behavioral Principles And Real World Experience To Promote Type 2 Diabetes Self Management
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Author : Jessica Samantha Yu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Combining The Common Sense Model Cognitive Behavioral Principles And Real World Experience To Promote Type 2 Diabetes Self Management written by Jessica Samantha Yu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Diabetes categories.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic and progressive medical condition that has reached pandemic levels, currently affecting 368 million people worldwide. With previous research demonstrating that T2DM is largely irreversible, the focus is now on developing and disseminating structured diabetes self-management education and support (DSME) programs to help patients live as healthfully as possible without exacerbating their illness. In recent years, several DSME interventions have demonstrated clinically meaningful changes in T2DM patients; however, there appears to be little translation of these programs from research into real world settings because these settings often lack clear blueprints for how to create or implement DSME programs that best fit their organizational needs and structure. Thus, the current study aimed to address this research-practice gap through the development of a brief, theoretically-driven, and behaviorally-focused group-based DSME curriculum for use in real world settings. Phase 1 of the study entailed concentrated efforts to join behavioral health researchers, community health leaders, and T2DM experts in combining the Common Sense Model of Self-Regulation (a prominent health behavior theory), cognitive behavioral principles, and current guidelines from the American Diabetes Association into a novel DSME curriculum. Phase 2 of the study then focused on implementing the resulting four-session curriculum, An Active Approach to Diabetes Self-Management, in local community centers and examining its early acceptability, feasibility, and effectiveness in producing clinical and psychosocial outcomes of interest. A total of 22 adults with T2DM, ranging in age from 35 to 87 years, were recruited from four community organizations and entered into four separate groups. Results indicate statistically significant improvements in participants' glycemic control, diabetes knowledge, and diabetes self-efficacy over the course of the study. In addition, results indicate that both participants and community liaisons were highly satisfied with the intervention. These findings contribute to the field's growing knowledge of how best to capitalize on clinical, research, and real world expertise to design thoughtful and practical DSME programs.
Investigating Community Participation And Subjective Well Being For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using The International Classification Of Functioning Disability And Health Framework
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Investigating Community Participation And Subjective Well Being For Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Using The International Classification Of Functioning Disability And Health Framework written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The rapidly rising prevalence of diagnosed and undiagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus and those at risk of developing diabetes call for attention among healthcare professionals in addressing contributing factors to prevent and manage the illness. Type 2 diabetes affects and is affected by many other life-threatening chronic health conditions, as well as factors associated with one's psychosocial adjustment and environmental considerations. The dynamics and complexity of these factors interact with one another to bring significant impact on one's day-to-day living and overall quality of life, specifically subjective well-being. Thorough understanding of their structural interactions informs effective rehabilitation practice to improve health-related outcomes, community participation and subjective well-being. The purpose of this study was to investigate the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model as a way to better understand community participation and subjective well-being for adults with type 2 diabetes. Construct measurements specific to adults with type 2 diabetes corresponding to each ICF components were specified and their interactions were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Results from structural equation modeling revealed that the proposed model did not fit the sample data, and the modified model demonstrated mediocre goodness-of-fit, providing inconclusive results regarding the usefulness of the model. The correlations among variables varied from small to large. However, the final model demonstrated the significance of the contextual factors of diabetes management self-efficacy (personal factor) positively influencing adherence to diabetes self-management and diabetes condition; and perceived social support (environmental factor) positively influencing diabetes management self-efficacy and outcome variables of community participation and subjective well-being. As hypothesized, mediating variables were identified. The results of this study need to be interpreted with careful consideration to limitations such as research and sampling designs, sample size, sample representativeness, and measurement errors. Clinical interventions incorporating self-efficacy and social support in diabetes management are likely to facilitate active participation in the community, thus leading to subjective well-being for people with type 2 diabetes. Additional clinical and future research implication, and study limitations were discussed.
The Roles Of Self Efficacy Outcome Expectancies And Social Support In The Self Care Behaviours Of Diabetics
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Author : Kathryn Elizabeth Thomann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
The Roles Of Self Efficacy Outcome Expectancies And Social Support In The Self Care Behaviours Of Diabetics written by Kathryn Elizabeth Thomann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Diabetes categories.
National Print And Electronic News Coverage Of Self Management Behaviors And Efficacy For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Author : Jason D. Sabo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
National Print And Electronic News Coverage Of Self Management Behaviors And Efficacy For Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus written by Jason D. Sabo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Non-insulin-dependent diabetes categories.
This study addressed the question: "How do news media portray the self-management behaviors for type 2 diabetes mellitus?" Type 2 diabetes is a leading cause of death in the U.S. Disease rates are increasing despite the potential for preventing and delaying disease progression via lifestyle intervention and self-management. This chronic disease has reached epidemic proportions in terms of both diagnosed cases and financial costs. Guided by Witte's (1992) extended parallel processing model, the study implemented a quantitative content analysis of self-management and efficacy messages in national print and electronic news coverage of type 2 diabetes mellitus from 2009 to 2011. Of 666 stories referencing diabetes in that time frame, 14 % (n = 96) discussed self-management. Findings suggest that news stories rarely address self-management behaviors for type 2 diabetes mellitus; the little coverage that does occur does not meet its health-related potential to influence adaptive behavior change for primary and secondary prevention. Less than one third of analyzed stories referenced multiple (three or more) self-management behaviors related to primary and secondary prevention and only one news story explicitly used self-management terminology. Results suggest that self-management for type 2 diabetes has yet to become a newsworthy topic and saliency on the public agenda. Additionally, by failing to address both response efficacy and self-efficacy, stories on diabetes self-management may not effectively motivate relevant health knowledge acquisition and/or health behavior change. Communication processes and trends in news messages on self-management and prevention in type 2 diabetes are discussed.