Dialectic Of Institution
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Dialectic Of Institution
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Author : Samuel Gault
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Dialectic Of Institution written by Samuel Gault and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Dialectic of Institution: Merleau-Pontys Overcoming of the Antinomy and Freedom and Necessity advances an original interpretation of Merleau-Pontys ontology of "la chair" ("the flesh), not merely as an effort to reconceive of being and truth beyond the modern dichotomy of subjective freedom and objective necessity, but also, and inseparably, as the articulation of an ethics of the flesh in the form of a general account of virtue. The fates of ethical meaning and scientific truth are, today, indissolubly bound up precisely by their separation, which renders them abstract. Insofar as the human significance of things and events is conceived of as purely subjective, no formulation of ethics can escape the charge of arbitrariness by appeal to some common evidentiary ground. Conversely, insofar as the truths of science and mathematics are conceived of as purely objective, it is as if they segregate off, from a world of opinion or appearances, their own proper world of facts to which human significance can only arbitrarily (i.e., unverifiably) be attributed. I argue, following Merleau-Ponty, that lived meanings and scientific truths are moments of a single, open dialectical movement of human existence, where each field of sense (e.g., emotion, music, painting, mathematics) becomes instituted (i.e., initially established, and continually sustained) by articulating a possible manner latent on the horizons of previously established fields in which living bodies can respond to, and question, other beings. In the first chapter, I undertake a genealogy, beginning with the thought of Descartes, of the three fundamental modern antinomies of mind-body, self-others, and freedom-necessity, before explicating Merleau-Pontys initial attempt to overcome them in PhP. Each antinomy comes to expression in an oscillation between the poles of objective thought (the modern identification of reality with truth, in the sense of what can be measured): epistemologically, intellectualism and empiricism; metaphysically, idealism and realism. Merleau-Ponty does not aim to refute these attitudes, but to show their incompleteness, the manner in which each takes the others explicit presupposition (i.e., respectively, absolute subjectivity and pure objects) as its own implicit foundation: a reciprocal figure-ground or founding-founded relation, which Merleau-Ponty describes by taking up the language of the Gestalt psychologists, and Husserls concept of "Fundierung" (foundation or founding). The dichotomies of objective thought are not errors, but highly formalized expressions of the Gestalt structure of the general movement of existencethe same structure articulated in behavior and perception. In place of the modern conceptions of freedom as absolutely unconditioned activity, and necessity as passive mechanism, he articulates free choice as an essentially conditioned response to the problems and the possibilities expressed by a given situation, and necessity as the value retroactively bestowed upon a situation by projects which take it up as their foundation.In the second chapter, I present my account of the new ontology Merleau-Ponty develops particularly from the IP lectures on to escape the language of consciousness and objects (which yet constrains his thought in PhP) by explaining the genesis of meaning and the individuation of living bodies and things as dimensions of a single movement of being. I take two lines of approach to this ontology: the first, exegetical; the second, phenomenological. First, exegetically, I articulate the passage of Merleau-Pontys thought by tracing his gradual transformation of the Husserlian concept of "Stiftung" (institution or instituting), from merely a tool for analyzing the acquisition and reactivation of habitualities of conscious life, to, in Merleau-Pontys later works, an articulation of the ontological functioning of beings whereby they become co-individuated in what is, simultaneously, the primordial birth of sense. In other words, Merleau-Ponty transforms institution, a concept of genetic phenomenology, into a means of explaining the common foundation of things and meanings. Next, I shift my own investigation to a phenomenological approach: specifically, to an internal critique of contemporary interpretations of a recent case of acquired pedophilia in conjunction with brain lesioning, which affords a concrete approach to Merleau-Pontys overcoming of the modern antinomies. Applying the concept of Stiftung to concrete phenomena of choice, I conclude that the freedom of life realizes itself in the advent of necessity, and, correlatively necessity arises as the expression of freedom.In the third chapter, I argue that the ontology of the flesh is simultaneously the outline for a new approach to ethical discourse and action, which makes apparent the truths expressed in both objectivistic and relativistic thought, as well as the mythical character of any absolute notions of necessity or contingency. Firstly, I explicate Merleau-Pontys conception of authenticity, arguing that it evokes openness to the ambiguity of the sense of beings: ambiguous because a beings sense is its function within an always total, and always provisional, network of actual and possible relations. Secondly, I argue that this conception of ambiguity entails both negative and positive meta-ethical consequences: on the one hand, the recognition that a spoken values or principle becomes a dangerous myth insofar as it is taken to have a fixed and unconditionally universal sense; on the other, virtue in general must consist in a continual openness to situational demands to reflect upon the sense of ones words and deeds, as well as to (hyper-)reflect upon the sense and genesis of ones styles of reflection themselves. Taking seriously Merleau-Pontys own suggestion in Signs, I articulate this conception of virtue via an extension and transformation of Machiavellis notion of political prudence, in terms of foresight, an openness to others which is neither domination nor subordination, and self-mastery (i.e., freedom relative to ones past and ones present values). Finally, I argue that the virtue of hyper-reflective openness to ambiguity possesses not just a meta-ethical, but also a normative function. While various normative principles and systems (e.g., deontology, utilitarianism, etc.) may prove well-suited to ones efforts in given situations, the practice of Merleau-Pontian virtue alone can prevent them from regressing into delusional mythologies.
Agency And Structure
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Author : Peter Watkins
language : en
Publisher: UNSW Press
Release Date : 1985
Agency And Structure written by Peter Watkins and has been published by UNSW Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with Education categories.
Produced for unit ESA844 (Administrative context of schooling) offered by the School of Education in Deakin Deakin University's Open Campus Program.
The Dialectical Imagination
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Author : Martin Jay
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1996-03-05
The Dialectical Imagination written by Martin Jay and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-03-05 with Philosophy categories.
Herbert Marcuse, Erich Fromm, Max Horkheimer, Franz Neumann, Theodor Adorno, Leo Lowenthal—the impact of the Frankfurt School on the sociological, political, and cultural thought of the twentieth century has been profound. The Dialectical Imagination is a major history of this monumental cultural and intellectual enterprise during its early years in Germany and in the United States. Martin Jay has provided a substantial new preface for this edition, in which he reflects on the continuing relevance of the work of the Frankfurt School.
Origin Of Negative Dialectics
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Author : Susan Buck-Morss
language : en
Publisher: Simon and Schuster
Release Date : 1979-12
Origin Of Negative Dialectics written by Susan Buck-Morss and has been published by Simon and Schuster this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979-12 with History categories.
Susan Buck-Morss examines and stresses the significance of Critical Theory for young West Germ intellectuals after World War II. Looking at the differences between German and American situations during this time period, Origin of Negative Dialectics convincingly sketches the learning process that ended in antagonism. “[The Origin of Negative Dialectics] is by far the best introduction for the American reader to the complex, esoteric, and illusive structure of thought of one of the most seminal Marxian thinkers of the twentieth century. It belongs on the same shelf as Martin Jay’s history of the Frankfurt School, The Dialectical Imagination.” – Lewis A. Coser, State University of New York, Stony Brook
The Dialectical Imagination
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Author : Martin Jay
language : en
Publisher: Univ of California Press
Release Date : 1996-03-05
The Dialectical Imagination written by Martin Jay and has been published by Univ of California Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-03-05 with Philosophy categories.
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A Defence Of History And Class Consciousness
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Author : Georg Lukacs
language : en
Publisher: Verso
Release Date : 2002-08-17
A Defence Of History And Class Consciousness written by Georg Lukacs and has been published by Verso this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-08-17 with Literary Criticism categories.
This work is commonly held to be the foundational text for Western Marxism. As Stalinism took over in Russia, Lukacs was subjected to attacks for deviation. In the 1920s he wrote this response.
Pedagogy Of Praxis
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Author : Moacir Gadotti
language : en
Publisher: SUNY Press
Release Date : 1996-01-01
Pedagogy Of Praxis written by Moacir Gadotti and has been published by SUNY Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-01-01 with Education categories.
Presents a critical, Neo-Marxist philosophy of education.
Dialectics In World Politics
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Author : Shannon Brincat
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2017-10-02
Dialectics In World Politics written by Shannon Brincat and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-02 with Political Science categories.
This volume explores the conceptual, methodological and praxeological aspects of dialectical analysis in world politics. As dialectics has remained an under-theorised analytical tool in international relations, this volume provides a critical resource for those seeking to deploy dialectics in their own research by showcasing its effectiveness for understanding and transforming world politics. Contributions demonstrate a number of innovative ways in which dialectical thinking can be of benefit to the study of world politics by covering three thematic concerns: (i) conceptual or meta-theoretical dimensions of dialectics; (ii) methodological features and general principles of dialectical approaches; and (iii) applications and/or case studies that deploy a dialectical approach to world politics. Canvassing a diverse range of dialectical approaches on key issues in world politics – from global security to postcolonial resistances, from the theoretical problems of reification and complexity, to the study of the global futures and the intercultural historical expressions of dialectics – Dialectics and World Politics offers key insights into the social forces and contradictions that are generative of transformation in world politics and yet routinely downplayed in orthodox approaches to international relations. Each chapter demonstrates how dialectics can be utilized more broadly in the discipline and deployed in a critical fashion as part of an emancipatory project. This book was originally published as a special issue of Globalizations.
Dialectics
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Author : International Institute of Philosophy
language : de
Publisher: La Haye: M. Nijhoff
Release Date : 1975
Dialectics written by International Institute of Philosophy and has been published by La Haye: M. Nijhoff this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1975 with Dialectic categories.
Contextualizing Pragma Dialectics
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Author : Frans H. van Eemeren
language : en
Publisher: John Benjamins Publishing Company
Release Date : 2017-12-12
Contextualizing Pragma Dialectics written by Frans H. van Eemeren and has been published by John Benjamins Publishing Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-12-12 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
Contextualizing Pragma-Dialectics contains a selection of 18 article reporting on research conducted in the past decade in which the institutional context in which argumentative discourse takes place is systematically taken into account. Some articles provide relevant theoretical backgrounds, other articles make clear how the extended pragma-dialectical theory can be used to analyse and evaluate argumentative discourse in specific institutional contexts. Next to argumentative discourse in the legal domain and the medical context of health communication, a great deal of attention is paid to various argumentative practices in the political domain or dealing with specific social issues. A contribution on multimodal argumentation is also included. All contributing authors are actively engaged in the International Learned Institute for Argumentation Studies (ILIAS).