Dimensional Psychiatry
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Dimensional Approaches In Diagnostic Classification
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Author : John E. Helzer
language : en
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
Release Date : 2009-02-20
Dimensional Approaches In Diagnostic Classification written by John E. Helzer and has been published by American Psychiatric Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-02-20 with Medical categories.
Since its initial publication more than 50 years ago, the DSM has systematized the complex intellectual and clinical process of diagnosing mentally ill persons through the use of categories and classification. The manuals have provided a consistent diagnostic language for clinical work, research, and teaching; have established a common international taxonomic standard; and have provided psychiatrists with a means of communicating with patients and the public. With a new iteration of the DSM on the horizon, the APA has initiated a multiphase research review process designed to set the stage for the fifth revision, due to be published in 2013. This book brings together the most promising research presented at the conference "The Future of Psychiatric Diagnosis: Refining the Research Agenda," which was convened by the APA, in collaboration with the World Health Organization and the U.S. National Institutes of Health. Conferees were challenged to go beyond the current categorical definitions set forth in DSM-III and DSM-IV and suggest ways of incorporating more quantitative, dimensional concepts into DSM-V. The resulting work: Addresses the challenge of creating dimensional measures that are compatible with existing categorical definitions and do not unduly disrupt clinical practice Applies a dimensional approach to a broad range of diagnoses, including substance dependence, major depressive episode, psychosis, anxiety disorders, developmental psychopathology, and personality disorders Facilitates the development of broadly agreed upon criteria that researchers worldwide can use in planning and conducting future research exploring the etiology and pathophysiology of mental disorders Identifies and encourages the empirical research necessary to allow informed decision making regarding deficiencies acknowledged in DSM-IV Promotes international collaboration with the objective of eliminating the remaining disparities between DSM-V and the International Classification of Diseases Mental and Behavioural Disorders Section, the next edition of which is due to be released in 2014. The book's painstaking scholarship and thoughtful conclusions should stimulate interest in finding new ways of combining categorical and dimensional approaches in psychiatric nosology. Clinicians and researchers in the United States and the international psychiatric community will discover, in these pages, the beginnings of a new, quantitative methodology that represents the next stage in the evolution of DSM.
A New Understanding Of Mental Disorders
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Author : Andreas Heinz
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 2017-10-20
A New Understanding Of Mental Disorders written by Andreas Heinz and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-20 with Medical categories.
A new computational and dimensional approach to understanding and classifying mental disorders: modeling key learning and decision-making mechanisms across different mental disorders. Even as researchers look for neurobiological correlates of mental disorders, many of these disorders are still classified solely according to the manifestation of clinical symptoms. Neurobiological findings rarely help diagnose a specific disease or predict its outcome. Although current diagnostic categories are questionable (sometimes labeling common states of human suffering as disorders), traditional neuroimaging approaches are not sophisticated enough to capture the neurobiological markers of mental disorder. In this book, Andreas Heinz proposes a computational and dimensional approach to understanding and classifying mental disorders: modeling key learning and decision-making mechanisms across different mental disorders. Such an approach focuses on the malleability and diversity of human behavior and its biological underpinnings. Heinz explains basic learning mechanisms and their effects on human behavior, focusing not on single disorders but on how such mechanisms work in a multitude of mental states. For example, he traces alterations in dopamine-reinforcement learning in psychotic, affective, and addictive disorders. He investigates to what extent these basic dimensions of mental disorders can account for such syndromes as craving and loss of control in addiction, positive and negative mood states in affective disorders, and the altered experience of self and world associated with psychotic states. Finally, Heinz explores the clinical and therapeutic implications of such accounts. He argues that a focus on learning mechanisms, with its emphasis on human creativity and resilience, should help reduce the stigma of mental disorder.
Dimensional Psychopathology
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Author : Massimo Biondi
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-05-30
Dimensional Psychopathology written by Massimo Biondi and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-05-30 with Medical categories.
This book presents an innovative approach to clinical assessment in psychiatry based on a number of psychopathological dimensions with a presumed underlying pathophysiology, that are related to fundamental phenomenological aspects and lie on a continuum from normality to pathology. It is described how the evaluation of these dimensions with a specific, validated rapid assessment instrument could easily integrate and enrich the classical diagnostic DSM-5 or ICD-10 assessment. The supplemental use of this dimensional approach can better capture the complexity underlying current categories of mental illness. The findings from a large patient sample suggest how this assessment could give a first glance at how variable and multifaceted the psychopathological components within a single diagnostic category can be, and thereby optimise diagnosis and treatment choices. Being short and easy to complete, this dimensional assessment can be done in a busy clinical setting, during an ordinary psychiatric visit, and in an acute clinical context, with limited effort by a minimally trained clinician. Therefore, it provides interesting and useful information without additional costs, and allows research work to be performed even in difficult settings.
Dimensional Models Of Personality Disorders
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Author : Thomas A. Widiger
language : en
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
Release Date : 2007-05-03
Dimensional Models Of Personality Disorders written by Thomas A. Widiger and has been published by American Psychiatric Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-05-03 with Medical categories.
DSM-IV and ICD-10 both diagnose personality disorders categorically, yet studies indicate that many patients meet criteria for an excessive number of diagnoses, raising the question of whether personality disorders are discrete conditions or rather distinctions along dimensions of general personality functioning. This collection of papers renews long-standing proposals for a dimensional model of personality disorder, describing alternative models, addressing questions about their clinical application and utility, and suggesting that future research seek to integrate such models within a common hierarchical structure. With contributions by preeminent researchers in the field, Dimensional Models of Personality Disorders is drawn from a conference series convened by APA, WHO, and NIH in order to plan for the fifth edition of the DSM. The Nomenclature Work Group concluded that consideration should be given to basing part or all of DSM-V on dimensions rather than categories, and recommended that a dimensional model for personality disorders should serve as a basis for exploring dimensional approaches in other areas. Accordingly, the volume opens with a presentation of 18 proposals for dimensional models and proceeds with provocative contributions on a number of related issues ranging from hard science to clinical practice. Among the topics addressed are Behavioral and molecular genetic research supporting an etiologically informed dimensional classification of personality disorders The as-yet tenuous associations between dimensional trait measures of personality as contained in the models of Cloninger, Depue, and Siever-Davis, and specific neurobiological measures, as examined in neurotransmitter research Potential links between childhood and adolescent temperament and personality dimensions and adult personality psychopathology Studies examining the covariation of personality dimensions across cultures The continuity of Axis I and Axis II disorders and a proposed hierarchical structure of mental disorders that integrates the psychopathology of Axis I disorders with specific personality traits The dual challenges of coverage and cutoffs that must be addressed if dimensional models are to be considered viable alternatives to the existing categorical diagnostic system Although the editors acknowledge that concerns are certain to be raised regarding conversion to a dimensional classification -- such as the disruption to clinical practice by a radical shift in diagnosing personality disorder -- these papers make a strong case for opening the field to alternative ways of enhancing clinical utility and improving the validity of basic classification concepts. Together, they offer stimulating insight into how we approach personality disorders, with the hope of encouraging a new model of diagnosis for DSM-V.
The Conceptual Evolution Of Dsm 5
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Author : Darrel A. Regier
language : en
Publisher: American Psychiatric Pub
Release Date : 2011
The Conceptual Evolution Of Dsm 5 written by Darrel A. Regier and has been published by American Psychiatric Pub this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Psychology categories.
The Conceptual Evolution of DSM-5 highlights recent advances in our understanding of cross-cutting factors relevant to psychiatric diagnosis and nosology. These include developmental age-related aspects of psychiatric diagnosis and symptom presentation; underlying neuro-circuitry and genetic similarities that may clarify diagnostic boundaries and inform a more etiologically-based taxonomy of disorder categories; and gender/culture-specific influences in the prevalence of and service use for psychiatric disorders. This text also considers the role of disability in the diagnosis of mental disorders and the potential utility of integrating a dimensional approach to psychiatric diagnosis. A powerful reference tool for anyone practicing or studying psychiatry, social work, psychology, or nursing, The Conceptual Evolution of DSM-5 details the proceedings from the 2009 American Psychopathological Association's Annual Meeting. In its chapters, readers will find a thorough review of the empirical evidence regarding the utility of cross-cutting factors in nosology, as well as specific suggestions for how they may be fully integrated into the forthcoming fifth edition of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.
Dimensions Of Psychological Problems
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Author : Benjamin B. Lahey
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2021
Dimensions Of Psychological Problems written by Benjamin B. Lahey and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with Medical categories.
"Psychological problems are simply aspects of our behavior- broadly defined to include our ways of thinking, perceiving, feeling, and acting-that cause us distress or interfere with functioning in important areas of our lives. This straightforward and pragmatic definition of psychological problems is offered as an alternative to the current medical model view in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders published by the American Psychiatric Association and the International Classification of Diseases published by the World Health Organization that dominates thinking about psychological problems in most of the world today. Psychological problems are not the result of terrifying illnesses of the mind. Although can be very distressing and problematic for individuals, they are surprisingly commonplace variations in the natural continua of psychological problems that arise in perfectly ordinary ways. This perspective has the advantages of scientific validity and reducing the stigma inherent in viewing psychological problems as mental illnesses, mental disorders, or psychopathology"--
Nine Dimensions Of Madness
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Author : Robert L. Gallon
language : en
Publisher: North Atlantic Books
Release Date : 2015-11-17
Nine Dimensions Of Madness written by Robert L. Gallon and has been published by North Atlantic Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-11-17 with Psychology categories.
In a book that reframes the mental health debate, Robert L. Gallon challenges the widely-held notion that mental disorders are medical diseases. Drawing on his extensive experience as a psychologist who has worked with thousands of patients, he argues that there are no objective indicators of mental disorders and therefore no way of drawing a distinct line between people who have them and people who don't. He outlines an alternative to the disease model defined by nine dimensions of dysfunction that encompass the range of human dysfunctions typically classified as mental disorders. He explains the origin of these problems, not as chemical imbalances and genetic abnormalities, but as the complex interaction of biological, psychological and social factors, called the Biopsychosocial model. Gallon explains the history of psychiatry and how it came to develop a medical model that codifies mental disorders in the psychiatric bible, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), now in its fifth edition. He demonstrates how, in 1950s and 1960s when the miracle psychiatric drugs came on the market, it was to the great economic advantage of both pharmaceutical companies and psychiatrists to describe people's problems in the language of medicine. His alternative to this disease model suggests descriptive types--Reality Misperception, Mood Dysfunction, Anxiety, Cognitive Competence, Social Competence, Somatoform Dysfunction, Substance Dependence, Motivation and Impulse Control, and Socialization Dysfunction--that we can construct to discuss the kinds and severities of problems people experience. These are not discrete abnormalities, but are sorts of dysfunction that can be placed on dimensions of dysfunction. Table of Contents Part I History of Madness 1. Introduction and Some Definitions 2. How madness became Medical 3. The Rise of Psychiatric Diagnosis 4. An Alternative Model Part II Dimensions of Madness 5. Reality Misperception 6. Mood Dysfunction 7. Anxiety 8. Cognitive Competence 9. Social Competence 10. Somatoform Dysfunction 11. Substance Dependence 12. Motivation and Impulse Control 13. Socialization Dysfunction Part III Treatment and Other Issues 14. What is Mental Health Treatment? 15. The Future
Dimensional Psychiatry
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Author : Manuel Morrens
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020-07-07
Dimensional Psychiatry written by Manuel Morrens and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-07-07 with Medical categories.
This special topic issue of 'Neuropsychobiology' contains contributions discussing the subject in-depth. 'Neuropsychobiology' is a well-respected, international peer-reviewed journal in psychiatry. Special topic issues are included in the subscription.
Clinical Psychometrics
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Author : Per Bech
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-09-24
Clinical Psychometrics written by Per Bech and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-09-24 with Medical categories.
Clinical Psychometrics is an introduction to the long-term attempt to measure the psychiatric dimension of dementia, schizophrenia, mania, depression, anxiety, neuroticism, extraversion/introversion and health-related quality of life. The two psychometric procedures, classical factor analysis and modern item-response models, are presented for readers without any requirement for particular mathematical or statistical knowledge. The book is unique in this attempt and provides helpful background information for the dimensional approach that is being used in the forthcoming updates to the diagnostic classification systems, ICD-11 and DSM-5. The book is written for everyone who is interested in the origins and development of modern psychiatry, and who wants to be familiar with its practical possibilities; how it is possible to compare different individuals with each other, how one may determine the boundary between what is normal and what is disease, or how one may assess the clinical effect of the various forms of treatment, available to present day psychiatry.
Psychiatric Diagnosis
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Author : Ihsan M. Salloum
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2009-03-23
Psychiatric Diagnosis written by Ihsan M. Salloum and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-03-23 with Medical categories.
Psychiatric diagnosis is one of the most important topics within the broad field of psychiatry. Clear, accurate definitions of the various disorders are essential for clinicians around the world to be confident that they are classifying patients in the same way, thereby enabling comparisons of treatment regimens and their outcomes. There are two major classification systems in use, one produced by the World Health Organization, the WHO International Classification of Diseases, Mental Disorders Chapter, and one by the American Psychiatric Association, the well known Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Both of these are being revised so this book from the prestigious World Psychiatric Association is especially timely. In this book, leading experts in the field provide a broad and integrated coverage of the concepts, structure and context of psychiatric diagnosis. It begins by addressing mental health and illness around the world from historical, philosophical and cultural perspectives. Health is approached comprehensively, to include such aspects as resilience, resources and quality of life. The book then covers major specific psychopathology topics in Section II, including new categorizations and dimensional approaches. Section III concentrates on the complex problem of comorbidity, a primary challenge for modern diagnostic classifications in psychiatry. Finally, Section IV reviews emerging international diagnostic systems in psychiatry, considering innovative models and adaptations. This book will be essential reading for anyone involved in the diagnosis of psychiatric disorders.