District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2
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District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2
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Author : Public Service Electric & Gas Company
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 written by Public Service Electric & Gas Company and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Heating from central stations categories.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
The potential for district heating was examined in terms of a total (regional) system and two subsystems of overlapping scales. The basis of the economic analysis of district heating was that the utility's electric and gas customers would not be economically burdened by the implementation of district heating, and that any incremental costs due to district heating (e.g. district heating capital and operating costs, replacement electric power, abandonment of unamortized gas mains) would be charged to district heating customers.
District Heating And Cooling System For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network
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Author : Minnesota Energy Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
District Heating And Cooling System For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network written by Minnesota Energy Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Heating from central stations categories.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
This volume begins with an Introduction summarizing the history, methodology and scope of the study, the project team members and the private and public groups consulted in the course of the study. The Load and Service Area Assessment follows, including: a compilation and analysis of existing statistical thermal load data from census data, industrial directories, PSE and G records and other sources; an analysis of responses to a detailed, 4-page thermal load questionnaire; data on public buildings and fuel and energy use provided by the New Jersey Dept. of Energy; and results of other customer surveys conducted by PSE and G.A discussion of institutional questions follows. The general topic of rates is then discussed, including a draft hypothetical Tariff for Thermal Services. Financial considerations are discussed including a report identifying alternative ownership/financing options for district heating systems and the tax implications of these options. Four of these options were then selected by PSE and G and a financial (cash-flow) analysis done (by the PSE and G System Planning Dept.) in comparison with a conventional heating alternative. Year-by-year cost of heat ($/106 Btu) was calculated and tabulated, and the various options compared.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984 Volume Vii Appendix C
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report 1 March 1980 31 January 1984 Volume Vii Appendix C written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
This volume contains: Hudson No. 2 Limited Retrofit Cost Estimates provided by Stone and Webster Engineering Corp. (SWEC); backup data and basis of estimate for SWEC Heater Plant and Gas Turbine Plant (Kearny No. 12) cost estimates; and Appendices - Analysis of Relevant Tax Laws.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network
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Author : James R. Watt
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network written by James R. Watt and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Cooling categories.
Phase 1 was essentially a sifting process in which promising combinations of plants and service areas were separated from all possible configurations. As contractor and Project Manager for the Toledo Study, Toledo Edison has tried to remain alert to a variety of possible ownership alternatives. At the conclusion of Phase 1 the electric utility is still the most logical owner and operator of the district heating system. The combination of Acme Station and the downtown Toledo area has been identified as a potential successful Demonstration Project. The existing steam system can serve as an excellent base from which various expansion plans can be derived. Replacing the steam system with a coal fired cogeneration source provides an excellent opportunity for scarce fuel savings. Additional savings accrue to those customers who convert from using scarce fuels directly to the new district heating system. The combined savings is the driving force which makes this project economically feasible. To choose the best alternative for further detailed study in Phase 2,two criteria were used to compare the alternative retrofit scheme. Lifecycle savings computed for the 25 -year life of the investment was the primary measure. Second, the sensitivity of life cycle savings to changes in critical input variables was the second indicator. The sensitivity analysis indicates the relative risks associated with each scheme under varying economic conditions. To determine the scope of the district heating systems under consideration an energy market analysis was conducted. Potential customers were identified which would double and nearly triple the existing steam heating load. Concurrently, the engineering consultant scrutinized the plant to determine sources of steam to serve a range of loads. The Demonstration Team then met to determine which service areas were worthy of consideration. Once four retrofit schemes were selected the detailed comparisons could begin. Since the downtown steam system was the basis of the service area, steam was selected as the best distribution medium. After reviewing twenty different retrofit schemes for Acme Station, the engineering consultant recommended the installation of a back pressure turbine as the best method of obtaining cogeneration steam. The new backpressure turbine will operate in parallel with an existing condensing turbine. This concept provides the benefits of cogeneration and still permits maximum electrical production when there is minimal steam load. Using 235 psig as the extraction pressure permits considerable redundancy within Acme Station since there is a 235 psig header served by several boilers. The most challenging part of the distribution system will be the underground crossing of the Maumee River which separates Acme Station from the proposed service area. Considerable effort will be spent during Phase 2to determine the installation details and cost of the river crossing. Engineering costs of other distribution line extensions will be calculated as well to complete the cost estimate for all components of the distribution network. As a result of the economic analysis, Retrofits #1 and#2 were selected for continued study in Phase 2. Implementing Retrofit #2 would double the steam output and displace over 6 million gallons of oil. The life cycle savings and the risk associated with changing economic conditions is less than that determined for Retrofits #3 and #4.viTo proceed into Phase 2 the, Demonstration Team is being expanded to include two important contributors. An engineering firm specializing in the design of in -building systems is being added. Their expertise will help determine retrofit costs and resolve specific technical concerns of the potential customers. A representative of the City of Toledo will be included since financial options including municipal ownership are still under consideration. In any case, the city government is strongly committed to guiding the redevelopment of downtown Toledo which is currently underway. They share our belief that a coal fired district heating system will enhance redevelopment efforts. Community support for the Demonstration Program can be better focused with appropriate involvement by local government. The Task 7 report concludes with the site -specific Scope of Work Toledo Edison developed with the subcontractors to address the requirements of Phases 2 and 3. Because of the nature and size of the Demonstration Project in Toledo, we intend to complete all the technical and economic tasks during Phase 2. Only the final rate making, legal and financing tasks will have to be carried into Phase 3 which we propose to start immediately after the completion of Phase 2. Because of the different costs sharing formulas for Phases 2 and 3, we have created separate technical and cost proposals for the two subsequent phases. Toledo Edison seeks approval, however, for both phases now to accelerate the pace of the Demonstration Program.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report March 1 1980 January 31 1984
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 Final Report March 1 1980 January 31 1984 written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with categories.
This volume contains the following: discussion of cost estimating methodology, detailed cost estimates of Hudson No. 2 retrofit, intermediate thermal plant (Kearny No. 12) and local heater plants; transmission and distribution cost estimate; landfill gas cost estimate; staged development scenarios; economic evaluation; fuel use impact; air quality impact; and alternatives to district heating.
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network Volume 4 Tasks 7 9 Final Report
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979
District Heating And Cooling Systems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit And Distribution Network Volume 4 Tasks 7 9 Final Report written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with categories.
In Task 7, Proposal for Further Work, it is concluded that the combination of the Acme Station, a coal-fired station, and the downtown Toledo area will serve as a successful Demonstration Project. The existing steam system can serve as an excellent base from which various expansion plans can be derived. Replacing the steam system with a coal-fired cogeneration source provides an excellent opportunity for scarce fuel savings. The engineering consultant recommended the installation of a back-pressure turbine as the best method of obtaining cogeneration steam. Task 7 concludes with the site-specific Scope of Work to address the requirements of Phases 2 and 3. Approval is being sought for both phases. Letters of cooperation and commitment are displayed in Task 8. A detailed work management plan is described in Task 9. Information on the demonstration team members is included.
District Heating And Cooling Sytems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2
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Author : United States. Department of Energy. Technical Information Center
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
District Heating And Cooling Sytems For Communities Through Power Plant Retrofit Distribution Network Phase 2 written by United States. Department of Energy. Technical Information Center and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Heating from central stations categories.