Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits
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Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits A Conceptual Framework For Developing Countries And Transition Economies
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1996-02-01
Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits A Conceptual Framework For Developing Countries And Transition Economies written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996-02-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Real wage declines have been common in the public sector in many countries over substantial periods of time. In several cases, such wage reductions have coincided with a decline in the efficiency of the public sector. In a simple analytical framework, it is shown that higher wage levels alter the incentive compatible equilibrium by attracting relatively skilled human capital to the government sector, which raises the quality of public output--tax revenue collection in this paper. Increases in wages should be complemented with appropriate monitoring and penalty rates for effective tax administration; prescriptions of raising the statutory tax rate alone, however, may not increase revenue collection.
Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits
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Author : Nadeem Ul Haque
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits written by Nadeem Ul Haque and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Real wage declines have been common in the public sector in many countries over substantial periods of time. In several cases, such wage reductions have coincided with a decline in the efficiency of the public sector. In a simple analytical framework, it is shown that higher wage levels alter the incentive compatible equilibrium by attracting relatively skilled human capital to the government sector, which raises the quality of public output--tax revenue collection in this paper. Increases in wages should be complemented with appropriate monitoring and penalty rates for effective tax administration; prescriptions of raising the statutory tax rate alone, however, may not increase revenue collection.
Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits
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Author : Nadeem Ul Haque
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1997
Do Government Wage Cuts Close Budget Deficits written by Nadeem Ul Haque and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with categories.
This paper examines the question of government wage policy as an instrument for improving public sector management and, therefore, the fiscal balance. Evidence from several countries shows that real wage declines have been widely experienced in the public sector in many countries over substantial periods of time. In a model of tax revenue collection under imperfect observability, we investigate the impact of the low and/or declining real government wages on incentives to work and on corruption. We show that public sector output (revenue collection in the paper) could improve with higher wages since it alters the incentive compatible equilibrium and attracts more skilled human capital to flow to the government sector. However, an increase in wages has to be complemented with appropriate monitoring and penalty rates for effective tax administration. The usual prescription of raising the statutory tax rate alone, however, may not increase revenue collection. We show that there is a combination of statutory tax rates and wage policy which maximizes government's net revenues.
Budget Deficits And Macroeconomic Policy
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Author : J. Perkins
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 1997-05-29
Budget Deficits And Macroeconomic Policy written by J. Perkins and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-05-29 with Business & Economics categories.
Discussions of macroeconomic policy often focus on changes in the budget deficit. A low budget deficit is one of the criteria for admission to the EMU. But some combinations of fiscal measures having a given effect on the budget deficit can have damaging effects on the principal macroeconomic objectives such as inflation and full employment, whereas other combinations will not. This is illustrated by using results from simulations for various OECD countries.
Public Sector Shock
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Author : Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead
language : en
Publisher: Edward Elgar Publishing
Release Date : 2013-01-01
Public Sector Shock written by Daniel Vaughan-Whitehead and has been published by Edward Elgar Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-01-01 with Business & Economics categories.
ÔThis is a fascinating, rich and comprehensive analytical account of the causes and consequences of austerity measures affecting the public sector in terms of pay and employment. The editors have assembled a broad array of contributions that really reflect the diversity within Europe, both in terms of how deep the financial crisis hit, and the drivers of public sector reforms. An absorbing and thought-provoking read.Õ Ð Jacqueline OÕReilly, University of Brighton, UK After a first series of policy responses to the 2008Ð09 crisis aimed at sustaining domestic demand through expansionary anti-crisis packages, most European governments Ð starting with Greece, Ireland, Bulgaria and Romania, and followed by many others Ð have since put in place a series of restrictive budgetary policies aimed at reducing their budget deficits. With these new policies, a significant number of jobs and wages have been cut in the public sector. A number of expenditure items related to education and training have also been cut. These reforms have given rise to waves of protest throughout Europe. The goal of this volume is to study this Ôpublic sector shockÕ. While budgetary reforms seek to ensure a more balanced and sound economic policy, they may generate new work inequalities among public sector employees, most particularly among women, who account for a considerable proportion of public sector employment. Cuts in education and training may also have an impact on the quality of human capital in both the public and private sectors, despite the fact that the recent crisis has shown the value of education as employees with better skills and training are more likely to maintain their jobs and incomes. The authors explore a number of questions, including: what types of reform have been implemented in the public sector and what are their implications in both the short and long term? On the economic side, what will be the impact on wages, and on job quantity and quality? On the social side, what will the effects be on inequality and social cohesion? And what will be the outcome for, and potential role of, social partners and social dialogue? On the basis of a comparative and comprehensive assessment, illustrated by case studies in education, health and public administration, policy issues are discussed with the aim of finding the right mix of public sector reforms.
Governance Corruption And Economic Performance
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Author : Mr.Sanjeev Gupta
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2002-09-24
Governance Corruption And Economic Performance written by Mr.Sanjeev Gupta and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002-09-24 with Social Science categories.
This volume presents 18 IMF research studies on the causes and consequences of corruption, as well as how it can most effectively be combated to improve governance, increase economic growth, and reduce poverty. The authors examine how civil service wages affect corruption, the impact of natural resource availability on corruption, the impact of corruption on a country’s income distribution and incidence of poverty, and the effect of corruption on government expenditures on health and education.
Guidelines For Public Expenditure Management
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Author : Mr.Jack Diamond
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 1999-07-01
Guidelines For Public Expenditure Management written by Mr.Jack Diamond and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999-07-01 with Business & Economics categories.
Traditionally, economics training in public finances has focused more on tax than public expenditure issues, and within expenditure, more on policy considerations than the more mundane matters of public expenditure management. For many years, the IMF's Public Expenditure Management Division has answered specific questions raised by fiscal economists on such missions. Based on this experience, these guidelines arose from the need to provide a general overview of the principles and practices observed in three key aspects of public expenditure management: budget preparation, budget execution, and cash planning. For each aspect of public expenditure management, the guidelines identify separately the differing practices in four groups of countries - the francophone systems, the Commonwealth systems, Latin America, and those in the transition economies. Edited by Barry H. Potter and Jack Diamond, this publication is intended for a general fiscal, or a general budget, advisor interested in the macroeconomic dimension of public expenditure management.
Do Deficits Matter
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Author : Daniel Shaviro
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 1997-05
Do Deficits Matter written by Daniel Shaviro and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997-05 with Business & Economics categories.
Do deficits matter? Yes and no, says Daniel Shaviro in this political and economic study. Yes, because fiscal policy affects generational distribution, national saving, and the level of government spending. And no, because the deficit is an inaccurate measure with little economic content. This book provides an invaluable guide for anyone wanting to know exactly what is at stake for Americans in this ongoing debate. "[An] excellent, comprehensive, and illuminating book. Its analysis, deftly integrating considerations of economics, law, politics, and philosophy, brings the issues of 'balanced budgets,' national saving, and intergenerational equity out of the area of religious crusades and into an arena of reason. . . . A magnificent, judicious, and balanced treatment. It should be read and studied not just by specialists in fiscal policy but by all those in the economic and political community."—Robert Eisner, Journal of Economic Literature "Shaviro's history, economics, and political analysis are right on the mark. For all readers."—Library Journal
Managing Government Compensation And Employment Institutions Policies And Reform Challenges
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Author : International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept.
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2016-08-04
Managing Government Compensation And Employment Institutions Policies And Reform Challenges written by International Monetary Fund. Fiscal Affairs Dept. and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-04 with Business & Economics categories.
Government compensation and employment policies are important for the efficient delivery of public services which are crucial for the functioning of economies and the general prosperity of societies. On average, spending on the wage bill absorbs around one-fifth of total spending. Cross-country variation in wage spending reflects, in part, national choices about the government’s role in priority sectors, as well as variations in the level of economic development and resource constraints.
Corruption Public Finances And The Unofficial Economy
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Author : Simon Johnson
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 1999
Corruption Public Finances And The Unofficial Economy written by Simon Johnson and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Bribery categories.
In this sample of 49 Latin America, OECD, and transition economies, it is the ineffective and discretionary administration of tax and regulatory regimes--not higher tax rates alone--as well as corruption, that increases the size of the unofficial economy. And countries with a large unofficial economy tend to grow more slowly.