Do Institutions Matter
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Do Institutions Matter
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Author : R. Kent Weaver
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Release Date : 2010-12-01
Do Institutions Matter written by R. Kent Weaver and has been published by Brookings Institution Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-12-01 with Political Science categories.
As a stunning tide of democratization sweeps across much of the world, countries must cope with increasing problems of economic development, political and social integration, and greater public demand of scarce resources. That ability to respond effectively to these issues depends largely on the institutional choices of each of these newly democratizing countries. With critics of national political institutions in the United States arguing that the American separation-of-powers system promotes ineffectiveness and policy deadlock, many question whether these countries should emulate American institutions or choose parliamentary institutions instead. The essays in this book fully examine whether parliamentary government is superior to the separation-of-powers system through a direct comparison of the two. In addressing specific policy areas—such as innovation and implementation of energy policies after the oil shocks of 1970, management of societal cleavages, setting of government priorities in budgeting, representation of diffuse interest in environmental policy, and management of defense forces—the authors define capabilities that allow governments to respond to policy problems. Do Institutions Matter? includes case studies that bear important evidence on when and how institutions influence government effectiveness. The authors discover a widespread variation among parliamentary systems both in institutional arrangements and in governmental capabilities, and find that many of the failings of policy performance commonly attributed to American political institutions are in fact widely shared among western industrial countries. Moreover, they show how American political institutions inhibit some government capabilities while enhancing others. Changing American institutions to improve some aspects of governmental performance could hurt other widely valued capabilities. The authors draw important guidelines for institutional reformers wh
Do Institutions Matter
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Author : R. Kent Weaver
language : en
Publisher: Brookings Inst Press
Release Date : 1993
Do Institutions Matter written by R. Kent Weaver and has been published by Brookings Inst Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Political Science categories.
As a stunning tide of democratization sweeps across much of the world, countries must cope with increasing problems of economic development, political and social integration, and greater public demand of scarce resources. The ability to respond effectively to these issues depends largely on the institutional choices of each of these newly democratizing countries. With critics of national political institutions in the United States arguing that the American separation-of-powers system promotes ineffectiveness and policy deadlock, many question whether these countries should emulate American institutions or choose parliamentary institutions instead. The essays in this book fully examine whether parliamentary government is superior to the separation-of-powers system through a direct comparison of the two. In addressing specific policy areas - such as innovation and implementation of energy policies after the oil shocks of 1970, management of societal cleavages, setting of government priorities in budgeting, representation of diffuse interests in environmental policy, and management of defense forces - the authors define capabilities that all governments need in order to respond to policy problems. Do Institutions Matter? includes case studies that bear important evidence on when and how institutions infiuence government effectiveness. The authors discover a widespread variation among parliamentary systems both in institutional arrangements and in governmental capabilities, and find that many of the failings of policy performance commonly attributed to American political institutions are in fact widely shared among western industrial countries. Moreover, they show how American politicalinstitutions inhibit some government capabilities while enhancing others. Changing American institutions to improve some aspects of governmental performance could hurt other widely valued capabilities. The authors draw important guidelines for institutional reformers while emphasizing that institutions do have predictable risks and opportunities. They caution that a balance between such risks and opportunities must first be reached before policy reformers try to change political institutions.
How Much Do Institutions Matter Growth Dynamics And Institutions In Latin America 1801 20151
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Author : Miethy Zaman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
How Much Do Institutions Matter Growth Dynamics And Institutions In Latin America 1801 20151 written by Miethy Zaman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
Bad institutions are regularly blamed for poor economic performance, and Latin America is often used as the prime example of the potentially damaging effects of bad institutions on economic development. However, very little time-series analysis has been done to substantiate this claim, and in what literature there is, per capita income has been used as the outcome variable in empirical studies even though this masks complex lead-lag relationships through various channels and renders it difficult to distinguish between level and growth effects due to transitional dynamics. In this paper we construct annual data over the past two centuries for seven Latin American countries and four advanced settler economies to 1) test for the influence of institutions on innovations, education and fixed investment using instruments for institutions; and 2) simulate the growth path of the Latin American countries using the institutional path of today's most successful settler economies. We find that institutions have been statistically highly significant determinants of economic development; however, they can only explain a small fraction of the widening income gap between the Latin American countries and the most successful settler economies over the past two centuries, suggesting that complementary explanations for economic development are called for.
Do Institutions Matter More For Services
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Author : Mohammad Amin
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2006
Do Institutions Matter More For Services written by Mohammad Amin and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Accountability categories.
Recent empirical research has focused on the role of institutions in overall economic performance. This paper examines the impact of institutions on the relative performance of the service sector. Through cross-country level and growth regressions it establishes the following stylized fact: countries with better institutions have relatively larger and more dynamic service sectors. It suggests that regulatory and contract enforcing institutions play a key role in the development of service sectors because these sectors enter into a more complex web of transactions with the rest of the economy and are more prone to market failure due to asymmetric information.
Just Institutions Matter
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Author : Bo Rothstein
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1998-02-13
Just Institutions Matter written by Bo Rothstein and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1998-02-13 with Political Science categories.
In this book Bo Rothstein seeks to defend the universal welfare state against a number of important criticisms which it has faced in recent years. He combines genuine philosophical analysis of normative issues concerning what the state ought to do with empirical political scientific research in public policy examining what the state can do. Issues discussed include the relationship between welfare state and civil society, the privatization of social services, and changing values within society. His analysis centres around the importance of political institutions as both normative and empirical entities, and Rothstein argues that the choice of such institutions at certain formative moments in a country's history is what determines the political support for different types of social policy. He thus explains the great variation among contemporary welfare states in terms of differing moral and political logics which have been set in motion by the deliberate choices of political institutions. The book is an important contribution to both philosophical and political debates about the future of the welfare state.
How Informal Institutions Matter
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Author : Zeki Sarigil
language : en
Publisher: University of Michigan Press
Release Date : 2023-09-19
How Informal Institutions Matter written by Zeki Sarigil and has been published by University of Michigan Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-19 with Political Science categories.
In How Informal Institutions Matter, Zeki Sarigil examines the role of informal institutions in sociopolitical life and addresses the following questions: Why and how do informal institutions emerge? To ask this differently, why do agents still create or resort to informal institutions despite the presence of formal institutional rules and regulations? How do informal institutions matter? What roles do they play in sociopolitical life? How can we classify informal institutions? What novel types of informal institutions can we identify and explain? How do informal institutions interact with formal institutions? How do they shape formal institutional rules, mechanisms, and outcomes? Finally, how do existing informal institutions change? What factors might trigger informal institutional change? In order to answer these questions, Sarigil examines several empirical cases of informal institution as derived from various issue areas in the Turkish sociopolitical context (i.e., civil law, conflict resolution, minority rights, and local governance) and from multiple levels (i.e., national and local).
Institutions Matter In Transition But So Do Policies
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Author : Oli Havrylyshyn
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2000-03
Institutions Matter In Transition But So Do Policies written by Oli Havrylyshyn and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000-03 with Business & Economics categories.
When I was growing up in Peru, I was told that the farms I visited belonged to farming communities and not to the individual farmers. Yet as I walked from field to field, a different dog would bark. The dogs were ignorant of the prevailing law; all they knew was which land their masters controlled. In the next 150 years those nations whose laws recognize what the dogs already know will be the ones who enjoy the benefits of a modern market economy. - Hernando de Soto
Do Institutions Matter Estimating The Effects Of Institutions On Economic Performance In China
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Author : Ying Fang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Do Institutions Matter Estimating The Effects Of Institutions On Economic Performance In China written by Ying Fang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
This paper estimates the effects of institutions on economic performance with the cross-city data of China. We argue that China's ongoing reform belongs to the long historical transition from antiquity to modern society, which started one and half centuries ago. Learning from Western countries is a central aspect of this historical process. The influence by the West at the early stage of this transition has persisted into current reform. We use the enrollment in Christian missionary lower primary schools in China in 1919 as the instrument for present institutions. Employing the two-stage least squares method, we find that the effect of institutions on economic performance in China is positive and significant. The result survives various robustness tests with additional controls, such as geographic factors and government policy related variables.
Seeds Of Corruption
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Author : Harry G. Broadman
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2000
Seeds Of Corruption written by Harry G. Broadman and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2000 with Accountability categories.
Economists in the field of industrial organization, antitrust, and regulation have long recognized certain factors as potent determinants of opportunistic behavior, corruption, and "capture" of government officials. Only now are these relationships becoming conventional wisdom among specialists in economies in transition.
Institutions Matter In Transition But So Do Politics
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Author : Oli Havrylyshyn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Institutions Matter In Transition But So Do Politics written by Oli Havrylyshyn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Post-communism categories.