Ecopoids Egopoids
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Pain Management And The Opioid Epidemic
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Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2017-09-28
Pain Management And The Opioid Epidemic written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-28 with Medical categories.
Drug overdose, driven largely by overdose related to the use of opioids, is now the leading cause of unintentional injury death in the United States. The ongoing opioid crisis lies at the intersection of two public health challenges: reducing the burden of suffering from pain and containing the rising toll of the harms that can arise from the use of opioid medications. Chronic pain and opioid use disorder both represent complex human conditions affecting millions of Americans and causing untold disability and loss of function. In the context of the growing opioid problem, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) launched an Opioids Action Plan in early 2016. As part of this plan, the FDA asked the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine to convene a committee to update the state of the science on pain research, care, and education and to identify actions the FDA and others can take to respond to the opioid epidemic, with a particular focus on informing FDA's development of a formal method for incorporating individual and societal considerations into its risk-benefit framework for opioid approval and monitoring.
Opioid Therapy In The 21st Century
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Author : Howard S. Smith
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2013-02-21
Opioid Therapy In The 21st Century written by Howard S. Smith and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-21 with Medical categories.
Over the last thirty years, the concern of Pain Medicine practitioners about the potential for their patients to develop a dependence on opioids has left opioid therapy as a largely underutilized treatment. While there is no simple answer to chronic pain, opioids remain the only class of drugs capable of providing relief to patients experiencing serious pain. Opioid Therapy in the 21st Century, Second Edition fills a dearth of clinical knowledge about analgesics to aid practitioners in weighing the risks versus the benefits of opioid therapy for their chronic pain patients. Part of the Oxford American Pain Library, this concise guide serves as a practical, user-friendly reference for physicians across the range of primary care and medical specialties. It includes an overview of appropriate clinical applications of opioids, covering such topics as opioid pharmacology, route selection, and individualization of therapy, as well as strategies for managing and mitigating the risk of abuse, addiction, and diversion. There are also special sections dedicated to the unique needs of pediatric, geriatric, and palliative care patient populations. This second edition discusses opioids approved for use since publication of the first edition, such as Butrans (buprenorphine patch); fentanyl patch and nasal spray; abuse resistant version of Oxycontin; and Embeda (morphine sulfate). Approved indications for older opioids as well as clinical trial information have also been updated.
Opioids
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Author : Silvia L. Cruz
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-10-03
Opioids written by Silvia L. Cruz and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-03 with Medical categories.
Opioids are responsible for the vast majority of preventable deaths related to drug use, and opioid crisis is a serious international health problem. Opioids are also the mainstay in pain treatment and are invaluable tools in palliative care. The purpose of this book is to present an overview of the complex field of opioid pharmacology through evidence-based chapters in clear language backed up with sound scientific evidence, providing researchers and health professionals with a firm understanding of their effects and mechanisms of action. The authors present an overview of the history of opioids from ancient civilizations to the current opioid crisis, covering state-of-the-art advances on opioid-induced signal transduction, opioids in pain management, and the neuroinflammatory effects of opioids. Also discussed are opioid use disorders and their treatment. The authors also review the growing body of evidence of opioid effects on innate and adaptive immune responses, discussing the molecules involved in the crosstalk between opioids and innate immunity receptors to provide an updated view of those compounds as important regulators of inflammation and host defense against pathogens and damage. The overall purpose is to provide the reader with a deeper knowledge of this field despite the complexities associated with the existence of numerous ligands, receptor subtypes, and complex pharmacological profiles. To this end, the chapter authors are specialists in the field who also have extensive experience in teaching, hoping to lend their expertise in translating complex concepts into comprehensive and clear explanations.
Opioids And Their Receptors
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Author : Mariana Spetea
language : en
Publisher: MDPI
Release Date : 2020-12-18
Opioids And Their Receptors written by Mariana Spetea and has been published by MDPI this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-12-18 with Medical categories.
The interest in opioids such as morphine, the prototypical opioid ligand, has been maintained through the years. The identification of endogenous opioids and their receptors (mu, delta, kappa, and nociceptin), molecular cloning, and the elucidation of the crystal structures of opioid receptors represent key milestones in opioid research. The opioid system modulates numerous pharmacological responses, with therapeutic (i.e., analgesia) and detrimental side effects (i.e., addiction). The medical use and misuse of opioids have dramatically increased, leading to the 21st century opioid crisis. This book presents recent developments in opioid drug discovery, specifically in the medicinal chemistry and pharmacology of new ligands targeting the opioid receptors as effective and safe therapeutics for human diseases. Furthermore, it draws a special attention to advancing concepts and strategies in opioid drug discovery to mitigate opioid liabilities. The diversity among the discussed topics is a testimony to the complexity of the opioid system, which results from the expression, regulation, and functional role of ligands and receptors. The array of multidisciplinary research areas illustrates the rapidly developing basic research and translational activities in opioid drug discovery. This book will serve as a useful reference while also stimulating continued research in the chemistry and pharmacology of opioids and their receptors, with the prospect of developing improved therapies for human diseases, but also improving health and quality of life in general.
American Overdose
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Author : Chris McGreal
language : en
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Release Date : 2018-11-13
American Overdose written by Chris McGreal and has been published by PublicAffairs this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-13 with Social Science categories.
A comprehensive portrait of a uniquely American epidemic -- devastating in its findings and damning in its conclusions The opioid epidemic has been described as "one of the greatest mistakes of modern medicine." But calling it a mistake is a generous rewriting of the history of greed, corruption, and indifference that pushed the US into consuming more than 80 percent of the world's opioid painkillers. Journeying through lives and communities wrecked by the epidemic, Chris McGreal reveals not only how Big Pharma hooked Americans on powerfully addictive drugs, but the corrupting of medicine and public institutions that let the opioid makers get away with it. The starting point for McGreal's deeply reported investigation is the miners promised that opioid painkillers would restore their wrecked bodies, but who became targets of "drug dealers in white coats." A few heroic physicians warned of impending disaster. But American Overdose exposes the powerful forces they were up against, including the pharmaceutical industry's coopting of the Food and Drug Administration and Congress in the drive to push painkillers -- resulting in the resurgence of heroin cartels in the American heartland. McGreal tells the story, in terms both broad and intimate, of people hit by a catastrophe they never saw coming. Years in the making, its ruinous consequences will stretch years into the future.
Opioids
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Author : George F. Koob
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2023-05-31
Opioids written by George F. Koob and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-05-31 with Psychology categories.
A current survey and synthesis of the most important findings in our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms of addiction is detailed in our Neurobiology of Addiction series, each volume addressing a specific area of addiction. Opioids, Volume 4 in the series, explores the molecular, cellular and systems in the brain responsible for opioid addiction using the heuristic three-stage cycle framework of binge/intoxication, withdrawal/negative affect, and preoccupation/anticipation. Highlights recent advances in opioid addiction Includes Neurocircuitry, Cellular and Molecular neurobiological mechanisms of opioid addiction Defines opioid abuse and addiction potential, including biological tolerance
Opioids
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Author : Pilar Almela Rojo
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-06-10
Opioids written by Pilar Almela Rojo and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-10 with Medical categories.
Morphine and other opioids are potent analgesic drugs, but their use can lead to complications. Being familiar with the use of this kind of drug can make the difference between obtaining the expected benefit of applied therapy or magnifying the risks to intolerable levels for the patient. Therefore, it is essential for practitioners to achieve adequate training in the management of these drugs based on criteria endorsed by scientific evidence that allows the proper use of these drugs and guarantees the best professional practice every time. Written by expert authors in the field, the purpose of this book is to offer an overview of opioid drugs, from their therapeutic use to the consequences associated.
Handbook On Opium
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Author : Vasanth Kumar
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2022-01-29
Handbook On Opium written by Vasanth Kumar and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-29 with Medical categories.
Handbook of Opium: History and Basis of Opioids in Therapeutics traces the history of poppy from its prehistory, its use in Greek and Egyptian medicine through the European Renaissance, and the opioid epidemic of the present day. The book explores the discovery of morphine and its alkaloids, reviews its biosynthetic process, and covers the evolution of synthetic opioids. Further, it reviews the biological effects of opium and the molecular basis of its actions, including future perspectives in clinical applications with therapeutic targets. The book is interspersed with numerous notes on the events and great minds in history and medicine who advocated, analyzed and advanced opium through history. The book is a comprehensive review on opium, covering a breadth of topics, including its history, botany, chemistry, trade, physiology, clinical use and molecular biology, with numerous references, tables, vignettes and illustrations included for additional understanding. Presents a comprehensive review on opium, covering a range of topics Filled with historical vignettes, tables and illustrations to aid understanding Authored by practicing clinicians who integrate clinical information in the context of history and pharmacology
The Opioid Crisis
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Author : Sandra Price (Writer on opioids)
language : en
Publisher: Nova Snova
Release Date : 2019
The Opioid Crisis written by Sandra Price (Writer on opioids) and has been published by Nova Snova this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Medical categories.
Recently, there has been a rise in opioid use in the United States involving both the nonmedical use of prescription drugs and more traditional illicit opioids, such as heroin. The abuse of prescription opioid pain relievers and illicit opioids, have contributed to increasing numbers of overdose deaths in the United States, and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention data show more than 28,000 opioid overdose deaths in 2014. Chapter 1 reports that medication-assisted treatment (MAT) can more effectively reduce opioid use and increase treatment retention compared to treatment without medication. There has also been a significant increase in the use of man-made (synthetic) opioids, such as fentanyl and fentanyl analogues, as described in chapter 2. Synthetic opioids like fentanyl--a substance 100 times stronger than morphine--accounted for more than 19,000 of the nearly 64,000 overdose deaths in 2016, the most recent year for which federal data are available. Misuse of prescription opioids can lead to overdose and death. Medicare and Medicaid, two of the nation's largest health care programs, provide prescription drug coverage that can include opioids. Chapter 3 discusses the inappropriate activities and risks associated with these prescriptions. Chapter 4 gives examples of some policy options that could be employed for training on safe opioid prescribing. Buprenorphine is a medication used to treat adults addicted to opioids (it is also used in the treatment of pain). Buprenorphine's effectiveness, safety, and availability in the treatment of opioid addiction are of considerable interest to policymakers seeking to address the ongoing opioid epidemic in the United States as seen in the last chapter.
The Opioid Epidemic
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Author : Yngvild Olsen
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2019-05-01
The Opioid Epidemic written by Yngvild Olsen and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-05-01 with Self-Help categories.
The opioid epidemic is responsible for longest sustained decline in U.S. life expectancy since the time of World War I and the Great Influenza. In 2017, nearly 50,000 Americans died from an opioid overdose - with an estimated 2 million more living with opioid addiction every day. The Opioid Epidemic: What Everyone Needs to Know® is an accessible, nonpartisan overview of the causes, politics, and treatments tied to the most devastating health crisis of our time. Its comprehensive approach and Q&A format offer readers a practical path to understanding the epidemic from all sides: the basic science of opioids; the nature of addiction; the underlying reasons for the opioid epidemic; effective approaches to helping individuals, families, communities, and national policy; and common myths related to opioid addiction. Written by two expert physicians and enriched with stories from their experiences in the crosshairs of this epidemic, this book is a critical resource for any general reader -- and for the individuals and families fighting this fight in their own lives.