Effect Of Orientation On Glass Transition Temperature
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Effect Of Orientation On Glass Transition Temperature
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Author : R. E. Wetton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1989
Effect Of Orientation On Glass Transition Temperature written by R. E. Wetton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1989 with categories.
Assignment Of The Glass Transition
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Author : Rickey J. Seyler
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1994
Assignment Of The Glass Transition written by Rickey J. Seyler and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with Amorphous substances categories.
The Effect Of Molecular Orientation On The Mechanical Properties Of Polystyrene
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Author : T. T. Jones
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
The Effect Of Molecular Orientation On The Mechanical Properties Of Polystyrene written by T. T. Jones and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Science categories.
The Effect of Molecular Orientation on the Mechanical Properties of Polystyrene presents the results of a study that investigated the effect of molecular orientation on the mechanical properties of polystyrene. Oriented sheets of two commercial homopolystyrenes (PSA and PSB) differing in molecular weight, rheological and glass transition temperature properties were prepared by sheet extrusion and drawing. The properties of the resulting sheets were examined at seven different laboratories in Europe. The study focused on length reversion ratio, birefringence, orientation stress, shrinkage stress, and various mechanical properties such as rupture stress and strain, the specific energy of rupture, and sonic modulus and relaxation modulus. Impact behavior and environmental stress cracking behavior were also evaluated. One of the findings was that oriented polymers subjected to lateral strains can develop catastrophic crack growth when immersed in an active liquid. The onset of the cracks depends on the lateral strain imposed as well as the degree of orientation. PSB was more resistant than PSA. This monograph should be a useful resource for chemists.
Relaxation Of Pet Orientation At Temperatures Below The Glass Transition
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Author : Brian M. Johnson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Relaxation Of Pet Orientation At Temperatures Below The Glass Transition written by Brian M. Johnson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with Glass transition temperature categories.
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a semi-crystalline polyester widely used in industry as a material for food and beverage containers. Although the properties of amorphous PET make it a poor material to use for this application, its properties can be improved through molecular orientation, which is accomplished by deforming the polymer while it is heated above its glass transition temperature (Tg). Orientation is frozen-in by cooling PET below Tg, and can be unfrozen and rapidly relaxed by raising the temperature above this point. Although orientation often results in some degree of strain-induced crystallization (SIC), completely crystalline PET is not possible, and some orientation will exist in the amorphous phase. Additionally, PET molecules retain a small degree of mobility below Tg. A concern for oriented PET, then, is the potential of orientation relaxation when the material is exposed to sub-Tg temperatures of 30-40 °C for extended periods of time. The goal of this study was to determine the extent of relaxation that occurs when oriented PET is exposed to sub-Tg temperatures, as well as how its physical and mechanical properties change correspondingly. Samples of extruded PET sheet were oriented above Tg by stretching them biaxially to two different stretch ratios and rapidly quenched to room temperature. As-quenched birefringence, film dimensions, and mechanical properties of the oriented films were measured. The films were then stored in an air circulating oven at 40, 50, or 60 °C for up to a week. Every 24 hours a film was removed from the oven, and post-exposure birefringence, dimensions and density were measured. Mechanical properties were measured after 7 days of exposure. Measurements of film dimensions provided noteworthy results, with all films experiencing a small degree of shrinkage. Films exposed at 60 °C exhibited the most shrinkage, with a 0.5% decrease in dimensions after a week. Shrinkage followed a trend of exponential decay, and its full extent lessened as temperature was decreased. By fitting a model to the data, it was predicted that the amount of shrinkage after a week of exposure at 30 °C would be negligibly small. The results of birefringence did not follow any clear trends and require further investigation. Density of films following exposure did not show expected trends with time. An explanation proposed for this is the presence of physical aging, which is expected to increase density in unoriented amorphous regions and compete with the effects of relaxation on density. This possibility is supported by post-exposure mechanical properties, which exhibited changes consistent with physical aging.
Thermal Analysis Of Polymers
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Author : Joseph D. Menczel
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2014-07-09
Thermal Analysis Of Polymers written by Joseph D. Menczel and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07-09 with Science categories.
Presents a solid introduction to thermal analysis, methods, instrumentation, calibration, and application along with the necessary theoretical background. Useful to chemists, physicists, materials scientists, and engineers who are new to thermal analysis techniques, and to existing users of thermal analysis who wish expand their experience to new techniques and applications Topics covered include Differential Scanning Calorimetry and Differential Thermal Analysis (DSC/DTA), Thermogravimetry, Thermomechanical Analysis and Dilatometry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, Micro-Thermal Analysis, Hot Stage Microscopy, and Instrumentation. Written by experts in the various areas of thermal analysis Relevant and detailed experiments and examples follow each chapter.
Thermal Analysis Of Textiles And Fibers
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Author : Michael Jaffe
language : en
Publisher: Woodhead Publishing
Release Date : 2020-03-22
Thermal Analysis Of Textiles And Fibers written by Michael Jaffe and has been published by Woodhead Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Thermal Analysis of Textiles and Fibers offers systematic and comprehensive coverage of the subject, from the principles of fiber structure and established TA methods, to advanced TA techniques and their application to high-performance fibers and textiles. Thermal analysis is a convenient method for assessing fiber and fabric performance as monitored under end-use relevant conditions. Expertise in this field requires knowledge of both TA methods and of fiber behavior, information that is brought together in this new volume. In recent years, thermal analysis has been applied to a variety of novel and high-performance fibers, such as Kevlar, Vectran, PBI, polyolefins, polypropylene, PAN and PVA, amongst others. TA techniques are also used in fiber identification, characterization and stability testing and may be combined with spectroscopic techniques to yield still more information about fiber properties. Includes chapters on novel and high-performance fibers that are used in assembling technical textiles Covers advanced TA methods, such as combined and modulated techniques Brings together focused information on TA for fibers and textiles that is not otherwise available in a single volume
Practical Guide To Polypropylene
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Author : Devesh Tripathi
language : en
Publisher: iSmithers Rapra Publishing
Release Date : 2002
Practical Guide To Polypropylene written by Devesh Tripathi and has been published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Polypropylene categories.
Polypropylene is now the third largest consumed plastic material after polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. This book discusses the advantages and disadvantages of working with polypropylene, offering practical comment on the available types of polypropylene, its mechanical properties and in-service performance, and processing. Comparisons with other common plastics are also provided, which highlight the advantages of this polyolefin.
Engineering Materials Technology
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Author : William Bolton
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2013-10-22
Engineering Materials Technology written by William Bolton and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-22 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Engineering Materials Technology, Second Edition discusses the underlying principles of materials selection in mechanical and production engineering. The book is comprised of 20 chapters that are organized into five parts. The text first covers the structure of materials, such as metals, alloys, and non-metals. The second part deals with the properties of materials, which include fracture, fatigue, and creep. The third and fourth parts discuss the characteristics of metals and non-metals, respectively. The last part deals with the selection process; this part takes into consideration the various properties of materials and the processes it goes through. The book will be of great use to students and practitioners of mechanical and production engineering.
Properties Of Polymers
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Author : D.W. van Krevelen
language : en
Publisher: Elsevier
Release Date : 2012-12-02
Properties Of Polymers written by D.W. van Krevelen and has been published by Elsevier this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Properties of Polymers: Their Correlation with Chemical Structure; Their Numerical Estimation and Prediction from Additive Group Contributions summarizes the latest developments regarding polymers, their properties in relation to chemical structure, and methods for estimating and predicting numerical properties from chemical structure. In particular, it examines polymer electrical properties, magnetic properties, and mechanical properties, as well as their crystallization and environmental behavior and failure. The rheological properties of polymer melts and polymer solutions are also considered. Organized into seven parts encompassing 27 chapters, this book begins with an overview of polymer science and engineering, including the typology of polymers and their properties. It then turns to a discussion of thermophysical properties, from transition temperatures to volumetric and calorimetric properties, along with the cohesive aspects and conformation statistics. It also introduces the reader to the behavior of polymers in electromagnetic and mechanical fields of force. The book covers the quantities that influence the transport of heat, momentum, and matter, particularly heat conductivity, viscosity, and diffusivity; properties that control the chemical stability and breakdown of polymers; and polymer properties as an integral concept, with emphasis on processing and product properties. Readers will find tables that give valuable (numerical) data on polymers and include a survey of the group contributions (increments) of almost every additive function considered. This book is a valuable resource for anyone working on practical problems in the field of polymers, including organic chemists, chemical engineers, polymer processers, polymer technologists, and both graduate and PhD students.
Properties And Behavior Of Polymers 2 Volume Set
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Author : Wiley
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2012-12-03
Properties And Behavior Of Polymers 2 Volume Set written by Wiley and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book provides comprehensive, up-to-date information on the physical properties of polymers including, viscoelasticity, flammability, miscibility, optical properties, surface properties and more. Containing carefully selected reprints from the Wiley's renowned Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, this reference features the same breadth and quality of coverage and clarity of presentation found in the original.