Effects Of Production Training And Perception Training On Lexical Tone Perception
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Effects Of Production Training And Perception Training On Lexical Tone Perception
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Author : Shuang Lu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2013
Effects Of Production Training And Perception Training On Lexical Tone Perception written by Shuang Lu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013 with categories.
The relationship between speech perception and production has been debated for a long time. The Motor Theory of speech perception (Liberman et al., 1989) claims that perceiving speech is identifying the intended articulatory gestures rather than perceiving the sound patterns. It seems to suggest that speech production precedes speech perception, i.e., only when people can accurately 'feel' their vocal tract gestures, can they successfully perceive speech. One prediction that falls out from the Motor Theory is that training people to produce sounds should be more effective for improving the perceptual ability than training people to only perceive sounds. My dissertation aims to test this prediction by comparing the effects of laboratory perception training and production training as well as the effects of different musical backgrounds (i.e., vocalists and instrumentalists) on the perception of lexical tones. The present dissertation encompasses three experiments. The first experiment compared native English non-musicians, instrumentalists and vocalists on the perception and production of Mandarin tones.
Lexical Tone Perception In Infants And Young Children Empirical Studies And Theoretical Perspectives
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Author : Leher Singh
language : en
Publisher: Frontiers Media SA
Release Date : 2019-11-20
Lexical Tone Perception In Infants And Young Children Empirical Studies And Theoretical Perspectives written by Leher Singh and has been published by Frontiers Media SA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-20 with categories.
In psycholinguistic research there has traditionally been a strong emphasis on understanding how particular language types of are processed and learned . In particular, Romance and Germanic languages (e.g. English, French, German) have, until recently, received more attention than other types, such as Chinese languages. This has led to selective emphasis on the phonological building blocks of European languages, consonants and vowels, to the exclusion of lexical tones which, like consonants and vowels, determine lexical meaning, but unlike consonants and vowels are based on pitch variations. Lexical tone is pervasive; it is used in at least half of the world’ languages (Maddieson, 2013), e.g., most Asian and some African, Central American, and European languages. This Research Topic brings together a collection of recent empirical research on the processing and representation of lexical tones across the lifespan with an emphasis on advancing knowledge on how tone systems are acquired. The articles focus on various aspects of tone: early perception of tones, influences of tone on word learning, the acquisition of new tone systems, and production of tones. One set of articles report on tone perception at the earliest stage of development, in infants learning either tone or non-tone languages. Tsao and Chen et al. demonstrate that infants’ sensitivity to Mandarin lexical tones, as well as pitch, improves over the first year of life in native and non-native learners in contrast to traditional accounts of perceptual narrowing for consonants and vowels. Götz et al. report a different pattern of perception for Cantonese tones and further demonstrate influences of methodological approaches on infants’ tone sensitivity. Fan et al. demonstrate that sensitivity to less well-studied properties of tone languages, such as neutral tone, may develop after the first year of life. Cheng and Lee ask a similar question in an electrophysiological study and report effects of stimulus salience on infants’ neural response to native tones. In a complementary set of studies focused on tone sensitivity in word learning, Burnham et al. demonstrate that infants bind tones to newly-learned words if they are learning a tone language, either monolingually or bilingually; although it was also found that object-word binding was influenced by the properties of individual tones. Liu and Kager chart a developmental trajectory over the second year of life in which infants narrow in their interpretation of non-native tones. Choi et al. investigate how learning a tone language can influence uptake of other suprasegmental properties of language, such as stress, and demonstrate that native tone sensitivity in children can facilitate stress sensitivity when learning a stress-based language. Finally, two studies focus on sensitivity to pitch in a sub-class tone languages: pitch accent languages. In a study on Japanese children’s abilities to recognise words they know, Ota et al. demonstrate a limited sensitivity to native pitch contrasts in toddlers. In contrast, Ramachers et al. demonstrate comparatively strong sensitivity to pitch in native and non-native speakers of a different pitch accent system (Limburghian) when learning new words. Several studies focus on learning new tone systems. In a training study with school-aged children, Kasisopa et al. demonstrate that tone language experience increases children’s abilities to learn new tone contrasts. Poltrock et al. demonstrate similar advantages of tone experience in learning new tone systems in adults. And in an elecrophysiological study, Liu et al. demonstrate order effects in adults’ neural responses to new tones, discussing implications for learning tone languages as an adult. Finally, Hannah et al. demonstrate that extralinguistic cues, such as facial expression, can support adults’ learning of new tone systems. In three studies investigating tone production, Rattansone et al. report the results of a study demonstrating kindergartners’ asynchronous mastery of tones – delayed acquisition of tone sandhi forms relative to base forms. In a study interrogating a corpus of adult tone production, Han et al. demonstrate that mothers produce tones in a distinct manner when speaking to infants; tone differences are emphasised more when speaking to infants than to adults. Combining perception and production of tones, Wong et al. report asynchronous development of tone perception and tone production in children. The Research Topic also includes a series of Opinion pieces and Commentaries addressing the broader relevance of tone and pitch to the study of language acquisition. Curtin and Werker discuss ways in which tone can be integrated into their model of infant language development (PRIMIR). Best discusses the phonological status of lexical tones and considers how recent empirical research on tone perception bears on this question. Kager focuses on how language learners distinguish lexical tones from other sources of pitch variation (e.g., affective and pragmatic) that also inform language comprehension. Finally, Antoniou and Chin unite evidence of tone sensitivity from children and adults and discuss how these areas of research can be mutually informative. Psycholinguistic studies of lexical tone acquisition have burgeoned over the past 13 years. This collection of empirical studies and opinion pieces provides a state-of-the-art panoply of the psycholinguistic study of lexical tones, and demonstrate its coming of age. The articles in this Research Topic will help address the hitherto Eurocentric non-tone language research emphasis, and will contribute to an expanding narrative of speech perception, speech production, and language acquisition that includes all of the world’s languages. Importantly, these studies underline the scientific promise of drawing from tone languages in psycholinguistic research; the research questions raised by lexical tone are unique and distinct from those typically applied to more widely studied languages and populations. The comprehensive study of language acquisition can only benefit from this expanded focus.
The Effect Of Musical Aptitude
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Author : Jingzhi Julie Zhu
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
The Effect Of Musical Aptitude written by Jingzhi Julie Zhu and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Chinese language categories.
This study explores the effect of musical aptitude as a combination of innate musical aptitude and learned/trained musical aptitude in tonal perception and tonal production by non-native speakers of Chinese. The study aims to discover whether the musical aptitude of non-native speakers of Chinese helps in their perception and production of Mandarin lexical tones at different stages of learning. Mandarin uses tones to lexically distinguish word meanings, and therefore learning these tones is essential to communication in the language. A number of studies have found that those learning Mandarin as a foreign language have difficulty in perceiving and producing Mandarin lexical tones (Klein, Zatorre, Mikner & Zhao, 2001; Wang et al., 2001a; 2003; Lee et al., 2009). In order to tackle this problem and therefore improve Mandarin learners' learning, researchers have attempted to detect the source of this difficulty. Seven factors were identified, three linguistic factors and four sociolinguistic factors. The former included the categorical nature of tone, the phonetic cues for tone, and the context-dependent nature of tone sandhi; the latter factors included the learners' language experience in the form of bilingualism, the learner's age, foreign language anxiety and the impact of gender (Chao, 1968; Brown, 1980; Hassler et al., 1985; Xu, 1997; Peretz & Coltheart, 2003; Wee, 2008). Among the seven factors, the phonetic cues of Mandarin lexical tones and learners' learning experience in the form of bilingualism remained underspecified in prior studies, and hence became two of the research aims in this study. The findings of the small body of research into another underspecified factor affecting learners' perception and production of Mandarin lexical tones, learners' musical aptitude, have been inconsistent: some investigators found little or no relationship between musical aptitude and L2 learning of tone (e.g. Peoppel, 2001; Anvari et al., 2002), while other investigators have found such a relationship to exist (e.g. Zatorre et al., 2002; Slev & Miyake, 2006; Wong et al., 2007). In order to provide more conclusive evidence in regard to the three above mentioned underspecified factors affecting learners' perception and production of Mandarin lexical tones, the current study provides a more rigorous and precise research design than those adopted in previous studies. During the first stage of the longitudinal study forty-five non-native speakers of Chinese enrolled in the Chinese Stage I course at the University of Auckland were administered a questionnaire, and then tested using an innate MA test, a Mandarin lexical tone listening test (for perception), and a Mandarin lexical tone speaking test (for production). The eleven participants who continued into the later stage of the study again took each of these tests twelve weeks later at the end of their first semester of study. A comparison of the findings of the tests revealed that musical aptitude, defined as a combination of innate musical aptitude and learned/trained musical aptitude, did help non-native speakers of Chinese in their perception and production of Mandarin lexical tones in the early stage of their learning. Particularly, pitch in musical aptitude provided the most advantage in learners' tonal perception, and melody in musical aptitude provided the most advantage in their tonal production. Concurrently, in addition to musical aptitude, learners' language experience in form of bilingualism also played a role in their tonal perception and production. However, the findings also revealed that as learners' tonal training in the formal classroom setting increased, the impact of observed musical aptitude on learners' tonal perception and production became less over time. These findings overall indicate that while musical aptitude may help non-native speakers of Chinese in their perception and production of Mandarin lexical tones during the early stage of their learning, it may not necessarily be as important during the later stages of their learning. This thesis concludes with important insights and significant theoretical, methodological, and pedagogical contributions from this research on the relationship between musical aptitude and Mandarin tones.
Perceptual Training On Lexical Stress Contrasts
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Author : Shu-chen Ou
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-06-23
Perceptual Training On Lexical Stress Contrasts written by Shu-chen Ou and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-23 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This book presents the effects of perceptual training on the perception of English lexical stress in rising intonation by Mandarin-speaking EFL learners in Taiwan, and shows that these effects can be positive as well as negative. The book is of interest to researchers in lexical stress and intonation, or issues related to acquisition of L2 suprasegmentals and native-language impact on this process, as well as for those designing a training course on lexical stress for EFL learners, particularly those with a tone language background. Learning to perceive non-native sound contrasts can be a formidable task, particularly when learners can’t rely on cues from their native-language experience. A case in point is Mandarin-speaking EFL learners’ perception of lexical stress. They can accurately identify the stress patterns of target words in sentences that have a falling intonation. However, they experience considerable difficulties when the target words are in questions, where the intonation is rising. Where most training studies use only stimuli produced in falling intonation, we implemented a perceptual training program to examine whether Mandarin-speaking EFL learners could learn to perceive English lexical stress in both falling intonation and rising intonation.
Speech Perception Production And Acquisition
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Author : Huei‐Mei Liu
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-09-14
Speech Perception Production And Acquisition written by Huei‐Mei Liu and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-09-14 with Foreign Language Study categories.
This book addresses important issues of speech processing and language learning in Chinese. It highlights perception and production of speech in healthy and clinical populations and in children and adults. This book provides diverse perspectives and reviews of cutting-edge research in past decades on how Chinese speech is processed and learned. Along with each chapter, future research directions have been discussed. With these unique features and the broad coverage of topics, this book appeals to not only scholars and students who study speech perception in preverbal infants and in children and adults learning Chinese, but also to teachers with interests in pedagogical applications in teaching Chinese as Second Language.
Audiovisual Training Effects On L2 Speech Perception And Production
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Author : Ying Li
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017-04-03
Audiovisual Training Effects On L2 Speech Perception And Production written by Ying Li and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-04-03 with categories.
Research on speech perception has found that visual cues play a significant role in the perception of speech sounds. Yet, it is still an unsettled question concerning whether audiovisual training could facilitate language learners' auditory perception and production of the target sounds. This book, therefore, presents a study that investigated whether audiovisual perception training could improve learners' auditory perception and production of L2 speech sounds.
The Routledge Handbook Of Chinese Second Language Acquisition
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Author : Chuanren Ke
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2018-03-29
The Routledge Handbook Of Chinese Second Language Acquisition written by Chuanren Ke and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-29 with Foreign Language Study categories.
The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Second Language Acquisition is the first reference work of its kind. The handbook contains twenty contributions from leading experts in the field of Chinese SLA, covering a wide range of topics such as social contexts, linguistic perspectives, skill learning, individual differences and learning settings and testing. Each chapter covers historical perspectives, core issues and key findings, research approaches, pedagogical implications, future research direction and additional references. The Routledge Handbook of Chinese Second Language Acquisition is an essential reference for Chinese language teachers and researchers in Chinese applied linguistics and second language acquisition.
Practice In A Second Language
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Author : Robert DeKeyser
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 2007-03-12
Practice In A Second Language written by Robert DeKeyser and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-03-12 with Foreign Language Study categories.
This volume focuses on 'practice' from a theoretical perspective and includes implications for the classroom.
Age And The Acquisition Of English As A Foreign Language
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Author : María del Pilar García Mayo
language : en
Publisher: Multilingual Matters
Release Date : 2003-01-01
Age And The Acquisition Of English As A Foreign Language written by María del Pilar García Mayo and has been published by Multilingual Matters this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003-01-01 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
"This book provides an overview of current research on the age factor in foreign language learning, addressing issues, which are critical for language planning. It presents new research on foreign language learning within bilingual communities in formal instruction settings focussing on syntax, phonology, writing, oral skills and learning strategies. "
The Oxford Handbook Of Language Prosody
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Author : Carlos Gussenhoven
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA
Release Date : 2021-01-07
The Oxford Handbook Of Language Prosody written by Carlos Gussenhoven and has been published by Oxford University Press, USA this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-01-07 with Computers categories.
This handbook presents detailed accounts of current research in all aspects of language prosody, written by leading experts from different disciplines. The volume's comprehensive coverage and multidisciplinary approach will make it an invaluable resource for all researchers, students, and practitioners interested in prosody.