Effects Of Thinning Pole Sized Lodgepole Pine On Understory Vegetation And Large Herbivore Activity In Central Colorado Classic Reprint
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Effects Of Thinning Pole Sized Lodgepole Pine On Understory Vegetation And Large Herbivore Activity In Central Colorado Classic Reprint
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Author : Glenn Leroy Crouch
language : en
Publisher: Forgotten Books
Release Date : 2018-09-12
Effects Of Thinning Pole Sized Lodgepole Pine On Understory Vegetation And Large Herbivore Activity In Central Colorado Classic Reprint written by Glenn Leroy Crouch and has been published by Forgotten Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-12 with Business & Economics categories.
Excerpt from Effects of Thinning Pole-Sized Lodgepole Pine on Understory Vegetation and Large Herbivore Activity in Central Colorado The objective of this study was to document responses of understory vegetation to several levels of stocking con trol, and to evaluate effects of the measured changes on activities of large herbivores using the thinned sites. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Effects Of Thinning Pole Sized Lodgepole Pine On Understory Vegetation And Large Herbivore Activity In Central Colorado
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Author : Glenn LeRoy Crouch
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1986
Effects Of Thinning Pole Sized Lodgepole Pine On Understory Vegetation And Large Herbivore Activity In Central Colorado written by Glenn LeRoy Crouch and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986 with Forest ecology categories.
Understory Vegetation Response To Mountain Pine Beetle Induced Lodgepole Pine Mortality In Rocky Mountain National Park Colorado
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Author : Gregory S. Pappas
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Understory Vegetation Response To Mountain Pine Beetle Induced Lodgepole Pine Mortality In Rocky Mountain National Park Colorado written by Gregory S. Pappas and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Ecological disturbances categories.
Understory plants are an important element of forests, having a considerable influence on biodiversity, wildlife habitat, and ecosystem function. A recent bark beetle epidemic across western North American forests has caused unprecedented overstory tree mortality, creating new growing conditions that provide the opportunity for changes within the intact understory. I employed a repeated measures approach to describe these changes over a five-year period (2008–2013) following peak mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae ; MPB) activity across forests dominated by lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) in western Rocky Mountain National Park (RMNP), Colorado. I quantified post-outbreak tree regeneration rates and the temporal changes in plant cover, diversity, dominance by lifeform, and community composition, then modelled these responses using forest structure and environmental variables to explore potential response mechanisms. To investigate species mobility, I qualified species in terms of their relative dispersal ability (long- versus short-distance) by comparing change in species presence (% of plots occupied) versus frequency when present (% of quadrats occupied). Overall, average species richness and diversity significantly increased over the study period, but total understory plant cover did not change. Graminoids generally displayed the most positive responses among lifeforms, significantly increasing in average cover, richness, and relative dominance. The rise in graminoid dominance was largely at the expense of shrubs. Although shrubs remained highly dominant across the landscape, they showed little ability to benefit from overstory mortality within the first five years following attack. Tree seedling density nearly doubled over the duration of the study, indicating a strong regeneration pulse. Among tree species, lodgepole pine had the highest seedling recruitment, demonstrating the ability to abundantly regenerate even in the absence of a forest floor disturbance. Most of the plant responses were negatively related to change in live tree basal area, suggesting that the understory generally responded positively to the immediate effects of tree death (i.e., the likely increases in available water and nutrients). However, a negative relationship between several of the understory response variables and tree sapling density provides evidence that tree saplings may strongly compete with understory plants for the newly available resources. More species appeared than disappeared across the study area. New species were comprised of both early- and late-successional species, suggesting relatively high microhabitat heterogeneity in these beetle-killed stands. While most species remained relatively rare, the number of highly rare species decreased, and the number of highly common species increased. This led to an increase in plant dominance and an increasing role of dominants in maintaining diversity. Non-native species doubled in occurrence across the study period and tended to spread upslope, towards the interior of the park through long-distance dispersal yet remained a very small component of the understory overall. Shifts in community composition were minimal, but a slight convergence of plant community groups suggested a trend towards community homogenization. Several species were able to take advantage of the new stand conditions and effectively disperse throughout the study area. An examination of these “highly mobile” species indicated that some were spreading locally over short distances via vegetative reproduction and others were expanding primarily upwards in elevation through long-distance dispersal. While many of these effective dispersers are an important source of food for wildlife — particularly large mammals in RMNP — most are also early-seral species that will likely decline in abundance with canopy closure. The initial vegetation changes reported here demonstrate that even relatively sparse and species-poor lodgepole pine forest understories may be altered in rather diverse ways following MPB-induced overstory mortality, depending on the unique ability of species to respond to increased resource availability. The recurrent sampling of these study sites, in concert with more trait-based analyses, will provide an accurate and meaningful assessment of understory dynamics through time, improving the conservation and management of vegetation in this highly valued natural area.
Effects Of Overstory Thinning On Lodgepole Pine Understories
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Author : John Bernard Plaggemeyer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Effects Of Overstory Thinning On Lodgepole Pine Understories written by John Bernard Plaggemeyer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with Forest canopy ecology categories.
Physiological Ecology Of North American Plant Communities
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Author : Brain F. Chabot
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Physiological Ecology Of North American Plant Communities written by Brain F. Chabot and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. The foundation that Billings laid in the late 1950s came from his own studies on deserts and subsequently arctic and alpine plants, and also from his enormous success in instilling enthusiasm for the field in the numerous students attracted to the plant ecology program at Duke University. Billings' own studies provided the model for subsequent work in this field. Physiological techniques. normally confined to the laboratory. were brought into the field to examine processes under natural environmental conditions. These field studies were accompanied by experiments under controlled conditions where the relative impact of various factors could be assessed and further where genetic as opposed to environmental influences could be separated. This blending of field and laboratory approaches promoted the design of experiments which were of direct relevance to understanding the distribution and abundance of plants in nature. Physiological mechanisms were studied and assessed in the context of the functioning of plants under natural conditions rather than as an end in itself.
Stress Physiology And Forest Productivity
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Author : Thomas C. Hennessey
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 1986-05-31
Stress Physiology And Forest Productivity written by Thomas C. Hennessey and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1986-05-31 with Medical categories.
Proceedings of the Physiology Working Group Technical Session. Society of American Foresters National Convention, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA, July 28-31, 1985
Forest Succession
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Author : D. C. West
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Forest Succession written by D. C. West and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Succession-nothing in plant, community, or ecosystem ecology has been so elaborated by terminology, so much reviewed, and yet so much the center of controversy. In a general sense, every ecologist uses the concept in teaching and research, but no two ecologists seem to have a unified concept of the details of succession. The word was used by Thoreau to describe, from a naturalist's point of view, the general changes observed during the transition of an old field to a forest. As data accumulated, a lengthy taxonomy of succession developed around early twentieth century ecologists such as Cooper, Clements, and Gleason. Now, nearer the end of the century, and after much discussion concerning the nature of vegetation communities, where do ecologists stand with respect to knowledge of ecological succession? The intent of this book is not to rehash classic philosophies of succession that have emerged through the past several decades of study, but to provide a forum for ecologists to present their current research and present-day interpretation of data. To this end, we brought together a group of scientists currently studying terrestrial plant succession, who represent research experience in a broad spectrum of different ecosystem types. The results of that meeting led to this book, which presents to the reader a unique summary of contemporary research on forest succession.
Ecology And The Environment
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Author : Russell K. Monson
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2014-10-02
Ecology And The Environment written by Russell K. Monson and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-02 with Science categories.
In this book, plant biology is considered from the perspective of plants and their surrounding environment, including both biotic and abiotic interactions. The intended audience is undergraduate students in the middle or final phases of their programs of study. Topics are developed to provide a rudimentary understanding of how plant-environment interactions span multiple spatiotemporal scales, and how this rudimentary knowledge can be applied to understand the causes of ecosystem vulnerabilities in the face of global climate change and expansion of natural resource use by human societies. In all chapters connections are made from smaller to larger scales of ecological organization, providing a foundation for understanding plant ecology. Where relevant, environmental threats to ecological systems are identified and future research needs are discussed. As future generations take on the responsibility for managing ecosystem goods and services, one of the most effective resources that can be passed on is accumulated knowledge of how organisms, populations, species, communities and ecosystems function and interact across scales of organization. This book is intended to provide some of that knowledge, and hopefully provide those generations with the ability to avoid some of the catastrophic environmental mistakes that prior generations have made.
Size And Age Related Changes In Tree Structure And Function
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Author : Frederick C. Meinzer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-06-29
Size And Age Related Changes In Tree Structure And Function written by Frederick C. Meinzer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-06-29 with Nature categories.
Millions of trees live and grow all around us, and we all recognize the vital role they play in the world’s ecosystems. Publicity campaigns exhort us to plant yet more. Yet until recently comparatively little was known about the root causes of the physical changes that attend their growth. Since trees typically increase in size by three to four orders of magnitude in their journey to maturity, this gap in our knowledge has been a crucial issue to address. Here at last is a synthesis of the current state of our knowledge about both the causes and consequences of ontogenetic changes in key features of tree structure and function. During their ontogeny, trees undergo numerous changes in their physiological function, the structure and mechanical properties of their wood, and overall architecture and allometry. This book examines the central interplay between these changes and tree size and age. It also explores the impact these changes can have, at the level of the individual tree, on the emerging characteristics of forest ecosystems at various stages of their development. The analysis offers an explanation for the importance of discriminating between the varied physical properties arising from the nexus of size and age, as well as highlighting the implications these ontogenetic changes have for commercial forestry and climate change. This important and timely summation of our knowledge base in this area, written by highly respected researchers, will be of huge interest, not only to researchers, but also to forest managers and silviculturists.
Silvopastoral Systems In Southern South America
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Author : Pablo Luis Peri
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2016-03-02
Silvopastoral Systems In Southern South America written by Pablo Luis Peri and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-03-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This multi-authored volume contains peer-reviewed chapters from leading researchers and professionals in silvopastoral systems topic in Southern South America (Argentina, Chile and South Brazil). It is a compendium of original research articles, case studies, and regional overviews and summarizes the current state of knowledge on different components and aspects (pasture production, animal production, trees production, carbon sequestration, conservation) of silvopatoral systems in native forests and tree plantations. The main hypothesis of the book is that farmers have integrated tree and pasture/grassland species in their land use systems to reach higher production per unit of land area, risk avoidance, product diversification, and sustainability. These production systems also impact positively in main ecosystem processes. Management of these productive systems, Policy and Socioeconomic Aspects provide great opportunities and challenges for farmers and policy makers in our region. The book is unique on this subject in Southern South America and constitutes a valuable reference material for graduate students, professors, scientists and extensionists who work with silvopastoral systems.