Efficiency Improvements In Us Office Equipment
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Efficiency Improvements In Us Office Equipment Expected Policy Impacts And Uncertainties
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Efficiency Improvements In Us Office Equipment Expected Policy Impacts And Uncertainties written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with categories.
Energy Efficiency In Office Technology
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Author : Cyane Bemiss Dandridge
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1994
Energy Efficiency In Office Technology written by Cyane Bemiss Dandridge and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1994 with categories.
This thesis, directed toward a wide variety of persons interested in energy efficiency issues with office technology, explores several issues relating to reducing energy use and improving energy efficiency of office equipment. Chapter 2 compares policies and programs in several European countries and the United States that could enhance the energy efficiency of office technology. Different programs are examined, including federal government programs where in some cases target values for power usage of office equipment have already been set. Large customer procurement programs, industry involvement, with emphasis on voluntary labeling programs, and research projects are also examined. Procedures that provide energy consumption measurements of various types of equipment are important for providing information to emerging procurement programs. Two sets of proposed test procedures for testing energy consumption of copiers, fax machines and printers are examined and compared. In Chapter 3, comparisons are made of the electrical power and energy used by computers, displays, copiers, printers and facsimile machines, both while operating and while idle. Technology options for reduced energy and power consumption and improved energy efficiency are examined. As the capability of office equipment has increased, there has been a trend toward increased electrical power requirements and energy consumption while equipment is in active operation. Computer power continues to grow rapidly. These factors will combine to exert an upward pressure for electrical power. However, some emerging technologies are lessening or in some cases reversing this trend, with little or no penalty in performance or production. The overall balance between increased service and efficiency is uncertain. Chapter 3 also examines the embodied energy of paper and office equipment. I compare it to the total energy required to produce a printed page of information, or required over the lifetime of the machine. Many difficulties were encountered in collecting and comparing data on power requirements of various machines. Procedures for testing the energy usage of office equipment are needed to make valid comparisons between machines. This thesis describes in Chapter 4, modifications to the procedure issued by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) to test energy consumption in copiers, to account for energy saver modes and double-sided copying. It also presents new procedures submitted to the ASTM committee for printers and fax machines. A fourth procedure is also presented here, one to test the energy consumption of personal computers. Typically, office equipment is not in use for much of the time it is turned on. Use of power management in office equipment can considerably decrease overall energy consumption. While energy saver modes are more prevalent in copiers, those printers that have incorporated this feature achieve more dramatic power reductions. Fax machines do not seem to utilize this technology at all, even though many have high power consumption when they are idle. How energy saving modes effect the overall energy consumption of machines is largely determined by operating profiles of the machines. The effect of operating profiles on energy usage with imaging equipment has not yet been examined. Methods of determining operating profiles of office equipment are presented in Chapter 5. A comparison is made between the energy use predicted by the ASTM procedures, energy use predicted by the ASTM procedures and actual operating profiles, and the actual energy usage of several copiers and printers. For copiers, the ASTM rated energy use per page was from 10-161 % different from the actual measured energy use per page. The use of the ASTM method with the measured operating profiles of the machine gave a 7-22% difference in energy use per page. For printers, the rated values using the ASTM method gave 61-317 % difference from the actual measured energy use per page, while using actual usage profiles with the ASTM method gave 0-6% difference. This thesis provides information on a variety of subject in the area of energy use and energy efficiency in office technology. The results provide information for emerging programs and provide a strong basis for a variety of further research.
Energy Efficiency In Household Appliances
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Author : Paolo Bertoldi
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Energy Efficiency In Household Appliances written by Paolo Bertoldi and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Technology & Engineering categories.
There is widespread interest throughout the world in improving appliance energy efficiency. Methods to reach that end include energy labeling, energy efficiency standards and market conditioning (e.g, energy efficient procurement and DSM programs). Energy efficiency standards, which started out as an action to reduce demand for energy in individual countries, has now become a subject of regional and even worldwide dimension, particularly in the context of global climate change mitigation. Mandatory energy efficiency standards are in place for some appliances in China, Canada, Mexico, the Philippines and the United States. Standards for refrigerator/freezers will take effect in Australia and the European Union in 1999. Voluntary energy efficiency standards are in place for refrigerators in Brazil, India and Korea and for air conditioners in India, Japan and Korea. Table I showed potential global energy use reductions from codes and standards in buildings. If individual country data can be assembled, a more accurate approach to estimating potential reductions in energy use and carbon emissions would be to perform a bottom-up analysis for energy using equipment on an end-use basis in as many large developing countries as possible. The impact of standards would be assessed as more efficient appliances replaced existing stock models and new purchases that increased saturation rates were made at higher efficiencies than would otherwise be the case. This approach would show the slow but steady buildup of annual energy savings from efficiency standards or other programs to improve energy efficiency.
Computers And The Environment Understanding And Managing Their Impacts
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Author : R. Kuehr
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-12-06
Computers And The Environment Understanding And Managing Their Impacts written by R. Kuehr and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12-06 with Science categories.
Personal computers have made life convenient in many ways, but what about their impacts on the environment due to production, use and disposal? Manufacturing computers requires prodigious quantities of fossil fuels, toxic chemicals and water. Rapid improvements in performance mean we often buy a new machine every 1-3 years, which adds up to mountains of waste computers. How should societies respond to manage these environmental impacts? This volume addresses the environmental impacts and management of computers through a set of analyses on issues ranging from environmental assessment, technologies for recycling, consumer behaviour, strategies of computer manufacturing firms, and government policies. One conclusion is that extending the lifespan of computers (e.g. through reselling) is an environmentally and economically effective strategy that deserves more attention from governments, firms and the general public.
Real Prospects For Energy Efficiency In The United States
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Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2010-07-10
Real Prospects For Energy Efficiency In The United States written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-07-10 with Science categories.
America's economy and lifestyles have been shaped by the low prices and availability of energy. In the last decade, however, the prices of oil, natural gas, and coal have increased dramatically, leaving consumers and the industrial and service sectors looking for ways to reduce energy use. To achieve greater energy efficiency, we need technology, more informed consumers and producers, and investments in more energy-efficient industrial processes, businesses, residences, and transportation. As part of the America's Energy Future project, Real Prospects for Energy Efficiency in the United States examines the potential for reducing energy demand through improving efficiency by using existing technologies, technologies developed but not yet utilized widely, and prospective technologies. The book evaluates technologies based on their estimated times to initial commercial deployment, and provides an analysis of costs, barriers, and research needs. This quantitative characterization of technologies will guide policy makers toward planning the future of energy use in America. This book will also have much to offer to industry leaders, investors, environmentalists, and others looking for a practical diagnosis of energy efficiency possibilities.
The Industrial Energy Efficiency Improvement Program
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Author : United States. Department of Energy. Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy. Office of Industrial Programs
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1980
The Industrial Energy Efficiency Improvement Program written by United States. Department of Energy. Office of Conservation and Renewable Energy. Office of Industrial Programs and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1980 with Energy conservation categories.
Building Energy Efficiency
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Office of Technology Assessment
Release Date : 1992
Building Energy Efficiency written by and has been published by Office of Technology Assessment this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Energy Efficient Electrical Systems For Buildings
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Author : Moncef Krarti
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2023-08-03
Energy Efficient Electrical Systems For Buildings written by Moncef Krarti and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-08-03 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Energy-Efficient Electrical Systems for Buildings, Second Edition offers a systematic and practical approaches to design and analyze electrical distribution and utilization systems in buildings. It considers safety and energy efficiency, while also focusing on sustainability and resiliency, to design electrical distribution systems for buildings. In addition, the second edition provides guidelines on how to design electrified and energy-resilient buildings. Utilizing energy efficiency, sustainability, and resiliency as important criteria, this book discusses how to meet the minimal safety requirements, set by the National Electrical Code (NEC), to select electrical power systems for buildings. It also considers the impact of building electrification on the design of electrical power systems. The second edition features a new chapter on the optimal design energy-efficient and resilient power systems. In addition, this book includes new end-of-chapter problems, examples, and case studies to enhance and reinforce student understanding. This book is intended for senior undergraduate mechanical, civil, and electrical engineering students taking courses in Electrical Systems for Buildings and Design of Building Electrical Systems. Instructors will be able to utilize an updated solutions manual and figure slides for their course.
Building Energy Efficiency
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Author : Oliver Montenbruck
language : en
Publisher: DIANE Publishing
Release Date : 1992-06
Building Energy Efficiency written by Oliver Montenbruck and has been published by DIANE Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992-06 with Architecture categories.
Annual Energy Outlook 2014 With Projections To 2040
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: Government Printing Office
Release Date : 2014-07
Annual Energy Outlook 2014 With Projections To 2040 written by and has been published by Government Printing Office this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-07 with Business & Economics categories.
The projections in the U.S. Energy Information Administration's (EIA's) Annual Energy Outlook 2013 (AEO2013) focus on the factors that shape the U.S. energy system over the long term. Under the assumption that current laws and regulations remain unchanged throughout the projections, the AEO2013 Reference case provides the basis for examination and discussion of energy production, consumption, technology, and market trends and the direction they may take in the future. It also serves as a starting point for analysis of potential changes in energy policies.