Elementar Seelenw Chter Buch 2

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Quinolone Antibacterials

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Author : Jochen Kuhlmann
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-02-12

Quinolone Antibacterials written by Jochen Kuhlmann and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-02-12 with Medical categories.

It has been over 30 years since the first clinically important member of the quinolone class, nalidixic acid, was introduced into medical practice. The modification produced in the quinolone nucleus by introducing a fluorine at the 6-position led to the discovery of the newer fluoroquinolones with enhanced antibacterial activities as compared to nalidixic acid. By now a great deal of preclinical and clinical experience has been obtained with these agents. The intense interest in this class of antibacterial agents by chemists, micro biologists, toxicologists, pharmacologists, clinical pharmacologists, and clini cians in various disciplines encouraged us to summarize the information on the history, chemistry, mode of action and in vitro properties, kinetics and efficacy in animals, mechanisms of resistance, toxicity, clinical pharmacology, clinical experience, and future prospects in one volume of the Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. As this series deals predominantly with "experimental" characteristics of drugs, our volume is dedicated specifically to quinolones and emphasizes principally their preclinical and clinical phar macological characteristics, despite the existence of several summaries on quinolones. The chemistry of the quinolones is described in detail. The chapter on the mode of action of quinolones reports the conclusive evidence that gyrase is the intracellular target of the quinolones; however, another enzyme, topoisomerase IV, may also be a target for quinolones, and the exact mechanisms by which quinolones act bactericidally are far from being understood.

Information Systems Design And Intelligent Applications

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Author : Vikrant Bhateja
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-03-01

Information Systems Design And Intelligent Applications written by Vikrant Bhateja and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-03-01 with Technology & Engineering categories.

The book is a collection of high-quality peer-reviewed research papers presented at International Conference on Information System Design and Intelligent Applications (INDIA 2017) held at Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam during 15-17 June 2017. The book covers a wide range of topics of computer science and information technology discipline ranging from image processing, database application, data mining, grid and cloud computing, bioinformatics and many others. The various intelligent tools like swarm intelligence, artificial intelligence, evolutionary algorithms, bio-inspired algorithms have been well applied in different domains for solving various challenging problems.

10th International Conference On Theory And Application Of Soft Computing Computing With Words And Perceptions Icsccw 2019

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Author : Rafik A. Aliev
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-11-19

10th International Conference On Theory And Application Of Soft Computing Computing With Words And Perceptions Icsccw 2019 written by Rafik A. Aliev and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-11-19 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book presents the proceedings of the 10th Conference on Theory and Applications of Soft Computing, Computing with Words and Perceptions, ICSCCW 2019, held in Prague, Czech Republic, on August 27–28, 2019. It includes contributions from diverse areas of soft computing and computing with words, such as uncertain computation, decision-making under imperfect information, neuro-fuzzy approaches, deep learning, natural language processing, and others. The topics of the papers include theory and applications of soft computing, information granulation, computing with words, computing with perceptions, image processing with soft computing, probabilistic reasoning, intelligent control, machine learning, fuzzy logic in data analytics and data mining, evolutionary computing, chaotic systems, soft computing in business, economics and finance, fuzzy logic and soft computing in earth sciences, fuzzy logic and soft computing in engineering, fuzzy logic and soft computing in material sciences, soft computing in medicine, biomedical engineering, and pharmaceutical sciences. Showcasing new ideas in the field of theories of soft computing and computing with words and their applications in economics, business, industry, education, medicine, earth sciences, and other fields, it promotes the development and implementation of these paradigms in various real-world contexts. This book is a useful guide for academics, practitioners and graduates.

Adaptive Control Of Ill Defined Systems

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Author : Oliver G. Selfridge
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-09

Adaptive Control Of Ill Defined Systems written by Oliver G. Selfridge and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-09 with Business & Economics categories.

There are some types of complex systems that are built like clockwork, with well-defined parts that interact in well-defined ways, so that the action of the whole can be precisely analyzed and anticipated with accuracy and precision. Some systems are not themselves so well-defined, but they can be modeled in ways that are like trained pilots in well-built planes, or electrolyte balance in healthy humans. But there are many systems for which that is not true; and among them are many whose understanding and control we would value. For example, the model for the trained pilot above fails exactly where the pilot is being most human; that is, where he is exercising the highest levels of judgment, or where he is learning and adapting to new conditions. Again, sometimes the kinds of complexity do not lead to easily analyzable models at all; here we might include most economic systems, in all forms of societies. There are several factors that seem to contribute to systems being hard to model, understand, or control. The human participants may act in ways that are so variable or so rich or so interactive that the only adequate model of the system would be the entire system itself, so to speak. This is probably the case in true long term systems involving people learning and growing up in a changing society.

Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization Ii

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Author : Melvin Linzer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1979

Ultrasonic Tissue Characterization Ii written by Melvin Linzer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1979 with Diagnosis, Ultrasonic categories.

11th International Conference On Theory And Application Of Soft Computing Computing With Words And Perceptions And Artificial Intelligence Icsccw 2021

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Author : Rafik A. Aliev
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-01-04

11th International Conference On Theory And Application Of Soft Computing Computing With Words And Perceptions And Artificial Intelligence Icsccw 2021 written by Rafik A. Aliev and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-01-04 with Technology & Engineering categories.

This book presents the proceedings of the 11th Conference on Theory and Applications of Soft Computing, Computing with Words and Perceptions and Artificial Intelligence, ICSCCW-2021, held in Antalya, Turkey, on August 23–24, 2021. The general scope of the book covers uncertain computation, decision making under imperfect information, neuro-fuzzy approaches, natural language processing, and other areas. The topics of the papers include theory and application of soft computing, computing with words, image processing with soft computing, intelligent control, machine learning, fuzzy logic in data mining, soft computing in business, economics, engineering, material sciences, biomedical engineering, and health care. This book is a useful guide for academics, practitioners, and graduates in fields of soft computing and computing with words. It allows for increasing of interest in development and applying of these paradigms in various real-life fields.

Multisensory Control Of Movement

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Author : A. Berthoz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993

Multisensory Control Of Movement written by A. Berthoz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Medical categories.

The relationship between perception and action constitutes one of the most interesting aspects of brain function. This book takes a multidisciplinary approach to studying the problems of manipulation, orienting, and navigating in humans and animals. Its premise is that control of movement is based on a configuration of several sensory cues, all providing input. It will be of interest to researchers, clinicians, and advanced students in neuroscience, psychology, and neurology.

Computing With Words

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Author : Lotfi A. Zadeh
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-07-11

Computing With Words written by Lotfi A. Zadeh and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-07-11 with Technology & Engineering categories.

In essence, Computing with Words (CWW) is a system of computation in which the objects of computation are predominantly words, phrases and propositions drawn from a natural language. CWW is based on fuzzy logic. In science there is a deep-seated tradition of according much more respect to numbers than to words. In a fundamental way, CWW is a challenge to this tradition. What is not widely recognized is that, today, words are used in place of numbers in a wide variety of applications ranging from digital cameras and household appliances to fraud detection systems, biomedical instrumentation and subway trains. CWW offers a unique capability—the capability to precisiate natural language. Unprecisiated (raw) natural language cannot be computed with. A key concept which underlies precisiation of meaning is that of the meaning postulate: A proposition, p, is a restriction on the values which a variable, X—a variable which is implicit in p—is allowed to take. CWW has an important ramification for mathematics. Addition of the formalism of CWW to mathematics empowers mathematics to construct mathematical solutions of computational problems which are stated in a natural language. Traditional mathematics does not have this capability.

The Design Of Innovation

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Author : David E. Goldberg
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-03-14

The Design Of Innovation written by David E. Goldberg and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-14 with Computers categories.

7 69 6 A DESIGN APPROACH TO PROBLEM DIFFICULTY 71 1 Design and Problem Difficulty 71 2 Three Misconceptions 72 3 Hard Problems Exist 76 4 The 3-Way Decomposition and Its Core 77 The Core of Intra-BB Difficulty: Deception 5 77 6 The Core of Inter-BB Difficulty: Scaling 83 7 The Core of Extra-BB Difficulty: Noise 88 Crosstalk: All Roads Lead to the Core 8 89 9 From Multimodality to Hierarchy 93 10 Summary 100 7 ENSURING BUILDING BLOCK SUPPLY 101 1 Past Work 101 2 Facetwise Supply Model I: One BB 102 Facetwise Supply Model II: Partition Success 103 3 4 Population Size for BB Supply 104 Summary 5 106 8 ENSURING BUILDING BLOCK GROWTH 109 1 The Schema Theorem: BB Growth Bound 109 2 Schema Growth Somewhat More Generally 111 3 Designing for BB Market Share Growth 112 4 Selection Press ure for Early Success 114 5 Designing for Late in the Day 116 The Schema Theorem Works 6 118 A Demonstration of Selection Stall 7 119 Summary 122 8 9 MAKING TIME FOR BUILDING BLOCKS 125 1 Analysis of Selection Alone: Takeover Time 126 2 Drift: When Selection Chooses for No Reason 129 3 Convergence Times with Multiple BBs 132 4 A Time-Scales Derivation of Critical Locus 142 5 A Little Model of Noise-Induced Run Elongation 143 6 From Alleles to Building Blocks 147 7 Summary 148 10 DECIDING WELL 151 1 Why is Decision Making a Problem? 151

Magnetic Resonance In Medicine

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Author : Peter Rinck
language : en
Publisher: Wiley-Blackwell
Release Date : 2001-05-15

Magnetic Resonance In Medicine written by Peter Rinck and has been published by Wiley-Blackwell this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001-05-15 with Medical categories.

The intention of this book is to provide the reader with a fundamental understanding of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Readers should be able to acquire a fundamental knowledge that enables them to pursue studies of their own and to cope with some of the most common problems, such as image contrast and artifacts or questions concerning possible hazards to patients. The first edition of this book was published in 1984 as the primer for European Magnetic Resonance Forum to teach the basics and some of the applications of MR imaging and MR spectroscopy. Many organizers of other teaching courses and universities all over the world have found it valuable for their students. The public reaction to and the reviews of the last edition were extremely positive. The book is very popular with radiologists, cardiologists, medical students and radiographers, who all encouraged the author to revise it again. The text and all the figures have been completely revised and new chapters have been added. MR imaging not only requires knowledge of facts but also background information for decision-making. Therefore in this edition some subjective, critical, and opinion-oriented sections are included, intended to offset the technical nature of the book and provide insights into more practical questions faced by MR users. A new addition is the MR Image Expert CD-ROM, an interactive learning and teaching tool for MR. It simulates the most important aspects of MR imaging on a personal computer. Dynalize is the second application included. It allows the presentation and analysis of dynamic MR imaging studies.