Emergent Mechanisms
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Emergent Mechanisms
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Author : Ramiro Glauer
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Emergent Mechanisms written by Ramiro Glauer and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Is our mind explainable in terms of neural mechanisms? How we concieve of ourselves seems strongly to depend on how we respond to this question. In the present work an attempt at an affirmative answer is made. Currently, there are good reasons to believe that we can give a neural-mechanical explanation of how our mind works. In order to show this, first, a concept of mechanistic explanation is developed that is applicable to biological cognitive systems. This accomodates the fact that biological systems are usually complex, integrated systems that cannot be decomposed into a relatively small n.
Of Molecules And Cells
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Author : Frans Johannes Bruggeman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2005
Of Molecules And Cells written by Frans Johannes Bruggeman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with categories.
Fundamental Components For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms
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Author : Joseph O. Jacobsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Fundamental Components For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms written by Joseph O. Jacobsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Electronic dissertations categories.
The flexible segments are developed through changes in geometry, boundary/loading conditions, and material. The fundamental mechanisms presented have motion similar to planar change-point four-bar and six-bar mechanisms, and spherical change-point mechanisms.
Achieving Complex Motion With Fundamental Components For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms
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Author : Brian Geoffrey Winder
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Achieving Complex Motion With Fundamental Components For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms written by Brian Geoffrey Winder and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with Electronic dissertations categories.
In the interest of facilitating LEM design, the final chapter of this thesis presents a preliminary design method. While similar to traditional methods, this method includes considerations for translating the mechanism topology into a suitable configuration for use with planar layers of material.
Identifying Potential Applications For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms And Evaluating Their Suitability For Credit Card Sized Products
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Author : Nathan Bryce Albrechtsen
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Identifying Potential Applications For Lamina Emergent Mechanisms And Evaluating Their Suitability For Credit Card Sized Products written by Nathan Bryce Albrechtsen and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a maturing technology that is prepared for commercial implementation into new products. LEMs are defined by three functional characteristics; they (1) are compliant, (2) are fabricated from planar materials, and (3) emerge from a flat initial state. Advantages, design challenges, and design tools are described for each of the functional characteristics. Opportunities for LEMs are discussed, namely disposable LEMs, novel arrays of LEMs, scaled LEMs, LEMs with surprising motion, shock absorbing LEMs, and deployable LEMs. Technology push product development processes were employed to select applications for LEMs. LEM technology was characterized. In a LEM workshop, eighteen industry professionals then helped identify over 200 potential applications for the technology. The applications were evaluated, and the most promising ideas that were identified for each LEM opportunity are described with graphics of possible product embodiments.
The Application Of Origami To The Design Of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms Lems With Extensions To Collapsible Compliant And Flat Folding Mechanisms
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Author : Holly C. Greenberg
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
The Application Of Origami To The Design Of Lamina Emergent Mechanisms Lems With Extensions To Collapsible Compliant And Flat Folding Mechanisms written by Holly C. Greenberg and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Electronic dissertations categories.
Lamina emergent mechanisms (LEMs) are a subset of compliant mechanisms which are fabricated from planar materials; use compliance, or flexibility of the material, to transfer energy; and have motion that emerges out of the fabrication plane. LEMs provide potential design advantages by reducing the number of parts, reducing cost, reducing weight, improving recyclability, increasing precision, and eliminating assembly, to name a few. However, there are inherent design and modeling challenges including complexities in large, non-linear deflections, singularities that exist when leaving the planar state, and the coupling of material properties and geometry in predicting mechanism behavior. This thesis examines the planar and spherical LEMs and their relation to origami. Origami, the art of paper folding, is used to better understand spherical LEMs and flat-folding mechanisms in general. All single-layer planar four-bar LEMs are given with their respective layouts. These are all change-point pinned mechanisms (i.e. no slider cranks). Graph representations are used to show the similarities between action origami and mechanisms. Origami principles of flat-folding are shown to be analogous to principles of mechanisms including rules for assembly and motion.
Neither Ghost Nor Machine
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Author : Jeremy Sherman
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2017-10-10
Neither Ghost Nor Machine written by Jeremy Sherman and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-10-10 with Philosophy categories.
If the universe is aimless, how do selves and aims emerge? Why do living beings have aims when inanimate things do not? Current science encourages us to reject the ghost-in-the-machine explanation—that something called spirit, soul, mind, or will was somehow breathed into matter—and instead accept that selves are just matter, in aimless mechanistic motion like everything else. But what about life’s many emergent qualities, the multifarious purposes that shape actual physical behavior not just in human lives, but in all of life? Even the simplest life forms have adaptive functions, traits that accomplish goals or ends. How can we explain the nature and origin of selves and aims without resorting to supernatural forces or explaining them away as nothing but cause-and-effect mechanisms? In Neither Ghost nor Machine, Jeremy Sherman explains the emergence of selves and aims in an aimless universe. He distills for a general audience the theory developed by renowned neuroscientist Terrence Deacon, which extends the breakthrough constraint-based insight that inspired evolutionary, information, and self-organization theory. Emergent dynamics theory provides a testable hypothesis for how mattering arose from matter, function from physics, and means-to-ends behavior from cause-and-effect dynamics. It offers a physics of purpose, demonstrating that there is a strictly physical explanation for the emergence and nature of selves and aims, one that shows our existence in an otherwise inanimate universe is not absurd. Neither Ghost nor Machine bridges the gap between the hard and soft sciences, suggesting fresh and exciting solutions to philosophical mysteries that have perplexed humanity for millennia, from free will to causality to morality.
Neural Mechanisms For Self Organization Of Emergent Schemata Dynamical Schema Processing And Semantic Constraint Satisfaction
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Author : Christian Balkenius
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Neural Mechanisms For Self Organization Of Emergent Schemata Dynamical Schema Processing And Semantic Constraint Satisfaction written by Christian Balkenius and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.
Emergent Behavior In Complex Systems Engineering
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Author : Saurabh Mittal
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2018-04-17
Emergent Behavior In Complex Systems Engineering written by Saurabh Mittal and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-04-17 with Technology & Engineering categories.
A comprehensive text that reviews the methods and technologies that explore emergent behavior in complex systems engineering in multidisciplinary fields In Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering, the authors present the theoretical considerations and the tools required to enable the study of emergent behaviors in manmade systems. Information Technology is key to today’s modern world. Scientific theories introduced in the last five decades can now be realized with the latest computational infrastructure. Modeling and simulation, along with Big Data technologies are at the forefront of such exploration and investigation. The text offers a number of simulation-based methods, technologies, and approaches that are designed to encourage the reader to incorporate simulation technologies to further their understanding of emergent behavior in complex systems. The authors present a resource for those designing, developing, managing, operating, and maintaining systems, including system of systems. The guide is designed to help better detect, analyse, understand, and manage the emergent behaviour inherent in complex systems engineering in order to reap the benefits of innovations and avoid the dangers of unforeseen consequences. This vital resource: Presents coverage of a wide range of simulation technologies Explores the subject of emergence through the lens of Modeling and Simulation (M&S) Offers contributions from authors at the forefront of various related disciplines such as philosophy, science, engineering, sociology, and economics Contains information on the next generation of complex systems engineering Written for researchers, lecturers, and students, Emergent Behavior in Complex Systems Engineering provides an overview of the current discussions on complexity and emergence, and shows how systems engineering methods in general and simulation methods in particular can help in gaining new insights in complex systems engineering.
Mechanisms For Emergence And Self Organisation In Complex Adaptive Systems
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Author : Gregory Paperin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Mechanisms For Emergence And Self Organisation In Complex Adaptive Systems written by Gregory Paperin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Evolutionary computation categories.
A central question in complexity theory is how large-scale phenomena, such as such as self-organisation, perpetual novelty, and sustained diversity, emerge. Complex systems can be understood as networks of interacting components. The focus of this research is the role that the properties of such networks play in self-organisation and emergence in complex systems. Based on the previously known concept of Dual Phase Evolution (DPE), I propose a theoretical framework, within which recurrent phase transitions in network connectivity underlie emergent phenomena in many systems. This DPE framework extends and refines the original concept. Networks can exist in two general connectivity phases: well connected and poorly connected. DPE relates each of the two connectivity phases and the transition events between them to typical system dynamics. I analyse empirical and experimental evidence from published studies in areas as diverse as physics, biology, socio-economics, mathematics and computer science. The analysis implies that DPE is widespread and operates in many kinds of complex systems, where it drives emergence and self-organisation. What is more, the analysis uncovers hitherto unstudied deep similarities and common underlying processes between different complex systems. To further understand the theoretical concepts of the DPE framework, I apply DPE in studies of mechanisms behind particular emergent properties in several types of complex systems: Seeking to better understand the emergence of novelty and diversity in ecosystems, I develop and study an individual-based simulation model of adaptive radiation (speciation) in landscapes. Simulation results imply that recurrent external disturbances facilitate perpetual novelty and diversity in landscape populations through two complementary mechanisms: One mechanism constitutes recurrent DPE phase changes in landscape connectivity on several levels. The other mechanism is alteration of the environment in disturbed areas leading to modified selection regimes. As a result of the simulation studies of landscape evolution, I develop a new genetic model that combines the advantages of two existing genetic models. The new model allows individual-based simulation studies of genetics on holey fineness landscapes (HFLs). Such fitness landscapes result from biochemical constraints to genetic viability and have previously only been studied analytically. Simulation studies of reproductive isolation uncover that when HFLs are considered, common predictions about maintenance of reproductive isolation in migrating populations change. Results also show that HFL-genetics can facilitate the emergence of stable hybrid populations, and the evolution of social selection though reinforcement. Continuing to study and apply DPE, I investigate how DPE processes can lead to the emergence of important network topologies. Using simulations models, I demonstrate two possible mechanisms behind emergent connectivity phase transitions without facilitation by external stimuli. A study of social network models reveals simple mechanisms that lead to structures typical of some real social networks and points towards general principles for emergence of important topologies such as modularity. A study of a network model of co-operations in markets reveals further mechanisms behind the emergence of complex and hierarchical modularity. Generative models for scale-free networks, that are ubiquitous in many natural systems, are well known, however, such models apply to growing networks. I propose and examine a generative model for scale-free topologies that can account for some scale-free networks of constant size found in nature. A wider context for DPE as a framework for reasoning about complexity is provided by examining the relationship between DPE and other established concepts such as Self-Organised Criticality and the Adaptive Cycle. In conclusion, DPE complements other established theories. In general, network-theoretical approaches, such as DPE, are powerful paradigms in understanding complexity. This thesis shows that recurrent changes in connectivity of component interaction networks constitute a broad mechanism for emergence and self-organisation in complex systems, and demonstrates this mechanism in several specific biological and socio-economic systems.