Enforcing Abstract Immutability
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Enforcing Abstract Immutability
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Author : Jonathan Eyolfson
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Enforcing Abstract Immutability written by Jonathan Eyolfson and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
Researchers have recently proposed a number of systems for expressing, verifying, and inferring immutability declarations. These systems are often rigid, and do not support "abstract immutability". An abstractly immutable object is an object o which is immutable from the point of view of any external methods. The C++ programming language is not rigid-it allows developers to express intent by adding immutability declarations to methods. Abstract immutability allows for performance improvements such as caching, even in the presence of writes to object fields. This dissertation presents a system to enforce abstract immutability. First, we explore abstract immutability in real-world systems. We found that developers often incorrectly use abstract immutability, perhaps because no programming language helps developers correctly implement abstract immutability. We believe that this omission leads to incorrect usages. Specifically, we wrote a dynamic analysis that reports any writes through immutability declarations. To our knowledge, this work was the first to explore how objects implement abstract immutability (or fail to implement it). Our novel study found three uses of abstract immutability: caching, delayed initialization, and unit testing. Unit testing was a surprising application of abstract immutability, and we believe that the ability to modify state is needed for proper unit testing. Next, we explore developers' revealed needs for immutability in the source code. We found that the majority of classes contain a mix of immutable and mutable methods, with a majority of the overall methods being immutable. Immutability systems with only immutable or all-mutating classes are insufficient: developers need immutability declarations at method granularity. Our study then combined developer immutability declarations with results from a static analysis to estimate the true number of immutable methods. The static analysis checked that no transitive writes to a receiver object occurred. Our results indicated the need for a sophisticated analysis to check that these apparently abstractly immutable methods were indeed abstractly immutable. Finally, we created a novel static analysis which checks that developers follow abstract immutability. Specifically, we define abstract immutability to mean that a class's set of immutable methods is collectively free of writes to exposed fields. Our analysis found incorrect usages of abstract immutability, such as incorrect caching. This analysis is particularly valuable in the context of code evolution, whereby subsequent programmers may make changes that break previously-correct cache implementations, for instance. Our work allows developers to trust that their code is abstractly immutable.
Enforcing The Equal Protection Clause
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Author : William D. Araiza
language : en
Publisher: NYU Press
Release Date : 2016-01-01
Enforcing The Equal Protection Clause written by William D. Araiza and has been published by NYU Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-01-01 with Law categories.
For over a century, Congress’s power to enforce the Fourteenth Amendment’s guarantee of “the equal protection of the laws” has presented judges and scholars with a puzzle. What does it mean for Congress to “enforce” such a wide-ranging, open-ended provision when the Supreme Court has insisted on its own superiority in interpreting the Fourteenth Amendment? In Enforcing the Equal Protection Clause, William D. Araiza offers a unique understanding of Congress’s enforcement power and its relationship to the Court’s claim to supremacy when interpreting the Constitution. Drawing on the history of American thinking about equality in the decades before and after the Civil War, Araiza argues that congressional enforcement and judicial supremacy can co-exist, but only if the Court limits its role to ensuring that enforcement legislation reasonably promotes the core meaning of the Equal Protection Clause. Much of the Court’s equal protection jurisprudence stops short of stating such core meaning, thus leaving Congress free (subject to appropriate judicial checks) to enforce the full scope of the constitutional guarantee. Araiza’s thesis reconciles the Supreme Court’s ultimate role in interpreting the Constitution with Congress’s superior capacity to transform the Fourteenth Amendment’s majestic principles into living reality. The Fourteenth Amendment’s Enforcement Clause raises difficult issues of separation of powers, federalism, and constitutional rights. Araiza illuminates each of these in this scholarly, timely work that is both intellectually rigorous but also accessible to non-specialist readers.
Javari
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Author : Matthew A. Tschantz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Javari written by Matthew A. Tschantz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
This paper describes a programming language, Javari, that is capable of expressing and enforcing immutability constraints. The specific constraint expressed is that the abstract state of the object to which an immutable reference refers cannot be modified using that reference. The abstract state is (part of) the transitively reachable state: that is, the state of the object and all state reachable from it by following references. The type system permits explicitly excluding fields from the abstract state of an object. For a statically type-safe language, the type system guarantees reference immutability. The type system is distinguishes the notions of assignability and mutability; integrates with Java's generic types and with multi-dimensional arrays; provides a mutability polymorphism approach to avoiding code duplication; and has type-safe support for reflection and serialization. This paper describes a core calculus including formal type rules for the language. Additionally, this paper describes a type inference algorithm that can be used convert existing Java programs to Javari. Experimental results from a prototype implementation of the algorithm are presented.
Aliasing In Object Oriented Programming
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Author : David Clarke
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2013-03-21
Aliasing In Object Oriented Programming written by David Clarke and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-03-21 with Computers categories.
This book presents a survey of the state-of-the-art on techniques for dealing with aliasing in object-oriented programming. It marks the 20th anniversary of the paper The Geneva Convention On The Treatment of Object Aliasing by John Hogg, Doug Lea, Alan Wills, Dennis de Champeaux and Richard Holt. The 22 revised papers were carefully reviewed to ensure the highest quality.The contributions are organized in topical sections on the Geneva convention, ownership, concurrency, alias analysis, controlling effects, verification, programming languages, and visions.
Acm Sigplan Notices
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006-07
Acm Sigplan Notices written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006-07 with Programming languages (Electronic computers) categories.
The Enforcement Of Intellectual Property Rights A Case Book
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Author : L.T.C. Harms
language : en
Publisher: WIPO
Release Date : 2012-12
The Enforcement Of Intellectual Property Rights A Case Book written by L.T.C. Harms and has been published by WIPO this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-12 with Law categories.
With this publication, WIPO and the author aim at making available for judges, lawyers and law enforcement officials a valuable tool for the handling of intellectual property cases. To that effect, the case book uses carefully selected court decisions drawn from various countries with either civil or common law traditions. The extracts from the decisions and accompanying comments illustrate the different areas of intellectual property law, with an emphasis on matters that typically arise in connection with the enforcement of intellectual property rights in civil as well as criminal proceedings.
And Man Created God
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Author : Shlomo Giora Shoham
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Release Date : 2011-08-08
And Man Created God written by Shlomo Giora Shoham and has been published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-08 with Religion categories.
And Man Created God presents a new theory of mytho-empiricism based on the mythological concepts of Claude Lévi-Strauss and the structuralism of Jeanne Piaget. The whole nature of mythogenes as the creative force linking history and transcendence is then elucidated. The corpus of myths in the books of Genesis and Exodus are presented in a new light and then compared with the Egyptian, Mesopotamian and Greek mythologies to highlight the Judaic myths with the pagan contrast.
Verified Software Theories Tools Experiments
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Author : Natarajan Shankar
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2008-09-26
Verified Software Theories Tools Experiments written by Natarajan Shankar and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008-09-26 with Computers categories.
This volume contains the proceedings of the second working conference on Verified Software: Theories, Tools, and Experiments, VSTTE 2008, held in Toronto, Canada, in October 2008. The 16 papers presented together with 4 invited talks were carefully revised and selected for inclusion in the book. This second conference formally inaugurates the Verified Software Initiative (VSI), a fifteen-year, co-operative, international project directed at the scientific challenges of large-scale software verification. The scope of the cooperative effort includes the sharing and interoperability of tools, the alignment of theory and practice, the identification of challenge problems, the construction of benchmark suites, and the execution of large-scale experiments.
Object Orientation Abstraction And Data Structures Using Scala
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Author : Mark C. Lewis
language : en
Publisher: CRC Press
Release Date : 2017-01-06
Object Orientation Abstraction And Data Structures Using Scala written by Mark C. Lewis and has been published by CRC Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-01-06 with Computers categories.
Praise for the first edition: "The well-written, comprehensive book...[is] aiming to become a de facto reference for the language and its features and capabilities. The pace is appropriate for beginners; programming concepts are introduced progressively through a range of examples and then used as tools for building applications in various domains, including sophisticated data structures and algorithms...Highly recommended. Students of all levels, faculty, and professionals/practitioners. —D. Papamichail, University of Miami in CHOICE Magazine Mark Lewis’ Introduction to the Art of Programming Using Scala was the first textbook to use Scala for introductory CS courses. Fully revised and expanded, the new edition of this popular text has been divided into two books. Object-Orientation, Abstraction, and Data Structures Using Scala, Second Edition is intended to be used as a textbook for a second or third semester course in Computer Science. The Scala programming language provides powerful constructs for expressing both object orientation and abstraction. This book provides students with these tools of object orientation to help them structure solutions to larger, more complex problems, and to expand on their knowledge of abstraction so that they can make their code more powerful and flexible. The book also illustrates key concepts through the creation of data structures, showing how data structures can be written, and the strengths and weaknesses of each one. Libraries that provide the functionality needed to do real programming are also explored in the text, including GUIs, multithreading, and networking. The book is filled with end-of-chapter projects and exercises, and the authors have also posted a number of different supplements on the book website. Video lectures for each chapter in the book are also available on YouTube. The videos show construction of code from the ground up and this type of "live coding" is invaluable for learning to program, as it allows students into the mind of a more experienced programmer, where they can see the thought processes associated with the development of the code. About the Authors Mark Lewis is an Associate Professor at Trinity University. He teaches a number of different courses, spanning from first semester introductory courses to advanced seminars. His research interests included simulations and modeling, programming languages, and numerical modeling of rings around planets with nearby moons. Lisa Lacher is an Assistant Professor at the University of Houston, Clear Lake with over 25 years of professional software development experience. She teaches a number of different courses spanning from first semester introductory courses to graduate level courses. Her research interests include Computer Science Education, Agile Software Development, Human Computer Interaction and Usability Engineering, as well as Measurement and Empirical Software Engineering.
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Author :
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date :
written by and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with categories.