Environmental Warfare
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Scorched Earth
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Author : Emmanuel Kreike
language : en
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Release Date : 2022-10-25
Scorched Earth written by Emmanuel Kreike and has been published by Princeton University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-10-25 with History categories.
A global history of environmental warfare and the case for why it should be a crime The environmental infrastructure that sustains human societies has been a target and instrument of war for centuries, resulting in famine and disease, displaced populations, and the devastation of people’s livelihoods and ways of life. Scorched Earth traces the history of scorched earth, military inundations, and armies living off the land from the sixteenth to the twentieth century, arguing that the resulting deliberate destruction of the environment—"environcide"—constitutes total war and is a crime against humanity and nature. In this sweeping global history, Emmanuel Kreike shows how religious war in Europe transformed Holland into a desolate swamp where hunger and the black death ruled. He describes how Spanish conquistadores exploited the irrigation works and expansive agricultural terraces of the Aztecs and Incas, triggering a humanitarian crisis of catastrophic proportions. Kreike demonstrates how environmental warfare has continued unabated into the modern era. His panoramic narrative takes readers from the Thirty Years' War to the wars of France's Sun King, and from the Dutch colonial wars in North America and Indonesia to the early twentieth century colonial conquest of southwestern Africa. Shedding light on the premodern origins and the lasting consequences of total war, Scorched Earth explains why ecocide and genocide are not separate phenomena, and why international law must recognize environmental warfare as a violation of human rights.
Environmental Warfare
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Author : Arthur H. Westing
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1984
Environmental Warfare written by Arthur H. Westing and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1984 with Law categories.
This book provides a critical analysis of the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or any other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques.
War And The Environment
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Author : Charles E. Closmann
language : en
Publisher: Texas A&M University Press
Release Date : 2009-09-14
War And The Environment written by Charles E. Closmann and has been published by Texas A&M University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009-09-14 with History categories.
In recent times, the devastation occurring in places like Darfur has focused the world’s attention on the intertwined relationship of military conflict and the environment—and the attendant human suffering. In War and the Environment, eleven scholars explore, among other topics, the environmental ravages of trench warfare in World War I, the exploitation of Philippine forests for military purposes from the Spanish colonial period through 1945, William Tecumseh Sherman’s scorched-earth tactics during his 1864–65 March to the Sea, and the effects of wartime policy upon U.S. and German conservation practices during World War II.
Arthur H Westing
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Author : Arthur H. Westing
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-08-20
Arthur H Westing written by Arthur H. Westing and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-08-20 with Law categories.
Since the 1960s the environment has become an issue of increasing public concern in North America and elsewhere. Triggered by the Second Indochina War (Vietnam Conflict) of 1961-1975, and further encouraged by the International Conference on the Human Environment, held in Stockholm in 1972, the environmental impact of war emerged and grew as a topic of research in the natural and the social sciences. And in the late 1980s this led additionally to a focus and debate on environmental security. Arthur Westing, a forest ecologist, was a major pioneer contributing and framing both of those debates conceptually, theoretically, and empirically, starting with Harvest of Death: Chemical Warfare in Vietnam and Cambodia (1972) (co-authored with wildlife biologist E.W. Pfeiffer and others). As a Senior Researcher at the Stockholm and Oslo International Peace Research Institutes (SIPRI and PRIO), and as a Professor of Ecology at Windham and Hampshire Colleges, Westing authored and edited books on Ecological Consequences of the Second Indochina War (1976), Weapons of Mass Destruction and the Environment (1977), Warfare in a Fragile World: Military Impact on the Human Environment (1980), Herbicides in War: the Long-term Ecological and Human Consequences (1984), Environmental Warfare: a Technical, Legal and Policy Appraisal (1984), Explosive Remnants of War: Mitigating the Environmental Effects (1985), Global Resources and International Conflict: Environmental Factors in Strategic Policy and Action (1986), Cultural Norms, War and the Environment (1988), Comprehensive Security for the Baltic: an Environmental Approach (1989), and Environmental Hazards of War: Releasing Dangerous Forces in an Industrialized World (1990) --- as well as authoring numerous UN reports, book chapters, and journal articles. This volume combines six of his pioneering contributions on the environmental consequences of warfare in Viet Nam and in Kuwait, on the environmental impact of nuclear war, and on legal constraints and military guidelines for protecting the environment in wartime
Anti Environmental Warfare Protecting The Environment During Wartime
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Anti Environmental Warfare Protecting The Environment During Wartime written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.
This paper analyzes the operational impact resulting from the growing legal and political concerns over the environment during wartime. Current international law and national policies are examined to determine their potential effect on Rules of Engagement, and the resulting operational impact on means and methods of warfare. As illustrated during the recent Persian Gulf War, coalition leaders will be operationally constrained by political demands to protect the environment, and to mitigate ecological destruction caused by an opposing force. These constraints will effect how offensive action is conducted against environmentally sensitive industries including nuclear, chemical and petroleum. Commanders must adhere to the current environmental policies and place more emphasis on the principles of discrimination and military necessity in selecting and striking targets. Concurrently, commanders must balance protecting the environment and the requisite minimum casualties to obtain the objectives and preserve public support. Environmental Law, Environmental Policy, Rules of Engagement, Environmental Warfare, Nuclear Industry, Chemical Industry, Petroleum Industry, Dams, Weapons, Special Forces, Media, Intelligence.
Banning Environmental Warfare
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Author : United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1977
Banning Environmental Warfare written by United States. Arms Control and Disarmament Agency and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1977 with Biological warfare categories.
Adlercreutz Axel Svensk Arbetsr Tt
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1970
Adlercreutz Axel Svensk Arbetsr Tt written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1970 with categories.
Anti Environmental Warfare
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Author : Richard O. Gamble
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Anti Environmental Warfare written by Richard O. Gamble and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with War categories.
Warfare Ecology
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Author : Gary E. Machlis
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2011-05-29
Warfare Ecology written by Gary E. Machlis and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-05-29 with Science categories.
The purpose of this book is specific and ambitious: to outline the distinctive elements, scope, and usefulness of a new and emerging field of applied ecology named warfare ecology. Based on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held on the island of Vieques, Puerto Rico, the book provides both a theoretical overview of this new field and case studies that range from mercury contamination during World War I in Slovenia to the ecosystem impacts of the Palestinian occupation, and from the bombing of coral reefs of Vieques to biodiversity loss due to violent conflicts in Africa. Warfare Ecology also includes reprints of several classical papers that set the stage for the new synthesis described by the authors. Written for environmental scientists, military and humanitarian relief professionals, conservation managers, and graduate students in a wide range of fields, Warfare Ecology is a major step forward in understanding the relationship between war and ecological systems.
War Torn Environment
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Author : Karen Hulme
language : en
Publisher: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Release Date : 2004
War Torn Environment written by Karen Hulme and has been published by Martinus Nijhoff Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Law categories.
This book analyses the issues surrounding the protection of the environment in times of armed conflict, and to pose questions as to its adequacy and efficacy. But the focus is not simply upon the interpretation of the legal provisions in isolation; instead, the analysis establishes a benchmark standard of environmental harm against which the adequacy and efficacy of the legal provisions can be measured.