Epidemic Orientalism
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Epidemic Orientalism
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Author : Alexandre I. R. White
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University Press
Release Date : 2023-01-24
Epidemic Orientalism written by Alexandre I. R. White and has been published by Stanford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-01-24 with Social Science categories.
For many residents of Western nations, COVID-19 was the first time they experienced the effects of an uncontrolled epidemic. This is in part due to a series of little-known regulations that have aimed to protect the global north from epidemic threats for the last two centuries, starting with International Sanitary Conferences in 1851 and culminating in the present with the International Health Regulations, which organize epidemic responses through the World Health Organization. Unlike other equity-focused global health initiatives, their mission—to establish "the maximum protections from infectious disease with the minimum effect on trade and traffic"—has remained the same since their founding. Using this as his starting point, Alexandre White reveals the Western capitalist interests, racism and xenophobia, and political power plays underpinning the regulatory efforts that came out of the project to manage the international spread of infectious disease. He examines how these regulations are formatted; how their framers conceive of epidemic spread; and the types of bodies and spaces it is suggested that these regulations map onto. Proposing a modified reinterpretation of Edward Said's concept of orientalism, White invites us to consider "epidemic orientalism" as a framework within which to explore the imperial and colonial roots of modern epidemic disease control.
Epidemic Orientalism
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Author : Alexandre I. R. White
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Epidemic Orientalism written by Alexandre I. R. White and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.
This dissertation examines how certain epidemic outbreaks become "global threats", that is, diseases that become the focus of international regulations and organized responses while others do not. To answer this question, this dissertation draws upon archival data collected at the World Health Organization (WHO) archives in Geneva, the Western Cape Archives in Cape Town, the British Library, British National Archives, the Wellcome Library Archives in London, and twelve qualitative interviews with senior global health actors in order to analyze five cases when disease threats were prioritized internationally as well as how these constructions patterned responses to outbreaks. I begin by exploring the formation of the first international disease controls in the 19th century, the International Sanitary Conventions, created to prevent the spread of three diseases- plague, cholera and yellow fever. I probe how these earliest conventions patterned responses to diseases covered under them and limited responses to those beyond their scope. E xamining how these conventions transformed, I explore why the same disease priorities were maintained by the WHO in their International Sanitary Regulations of the 1950's. Finally, I analyze the transformation of the International Health Regulations in 2005 and its effects on the assessment of disease threat. This dissertation shows that three factors structure the construction of disease threat: epidemic orientalism, economic concerns and field dynamics. Epidemic Orientalism, a discourse motivating the construction of disease threat that first emerged in the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, positioned the colonized world as the space from which Europe and the Imperial powers needed to be protected. This orientalist gaze prioritizes the control of diseases emanating from colonial sites that threaten international trade and commerce and has been re-inscribed in all past and present regulations. These factors explain how and why plague, cholera and yellow fever came to be maintained as the primary diseases of international concern until the 21st century. As the WHO has recently been challenged in its authority to manage disease threats, these two factors are also mediated by the WHO's manipulation of symbolic power within a new field of infectious disease management which conditions responses to outbreaks today.
Epidemic Empire
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Author : Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb
language : en
Publisher: University of Chicago Press
Release Date : 2021-02-09
Epidemic Empire written by Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb and has been published by University of Chicago Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-02-09 with Political Science categories.
Terrorism is a cancer, an infection, an epidemic, a plague. For more than a century, this metaphor has figured insurgent violence as contagion in order to contain its political energies. In Epidemic Empire, Anjuli Fatima Raza Kolb shows that this trope began in responses to the Indian Mutiny of 1857 and tracks its tenacious hold through 9/11 and beyond. The result is the first book-length study to approach the global War on Terror from a postcolonial literary perspective. Raza Kolb assembles a diverse archive from colonial India, imperial Britain, French and independent Algeria, the postcolonial Islamic diaspora, and the neoimperial United States. Anchoring her book are studies of four major writers in the colonial-postcolonial canon: Rudyard Kipling, Bram Stoker, Albert Camus, and Salman Rushdie. Across these sources, she reveals the tendency to imagine anticolonial rebellion, and Muslim insurgency specifically, as a virulent form of social contagion. Exposing the long history of this broken but persistent narrative, Epidemic Empire is a major contribution to the rhetorical history of our present moment.
Vulnerable Minds
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Author : Liya Yu
language : en
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Release Date : 2022-08-16
Vulnerable Minds written by Liya Yu and has been published by Columbia University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-08-16 with Political Science categories.
Neuroscience research has raised a troubling possibility: Could the tendency to stigmatize others be innate? Some evidence suggests that the brain is prone to in-group and out-group classifications, with consequences from ordinary blind spots to full-scale dehumanization. Many are inclined to reject the argument that racism and discrimination could have a cognitive basis. Yet if we are all vulnerable to thinking in exclusionary ways—if everyone, from the most ardent social-justice advocates to bigots and xenophobes, has mental patterns and structures in common—could this shared flaw open new prospects for political rapprochement? Liya Yu develops a novel political framework that builds on neuroscientific discoveries to rethink the social contract. She argues that our political selves should be understood in terms of our shared social capacities, especially our everyday exclusionary tendencies. Yu contends that cognitive dehumanization is the most crucial disruptor of cooperation and solidarity, and liberal values-based discourse is inadequate against it. She advances a new neuropolitical language of persuasion that refrains from moralizing or shaming and instead appeals to shared neurobiological vulnerabilities. Offering practical strategies to address those we disagree with most strongly, Vulnerable Minds provides timely guidance on meeting the challenge of including and humanizing others.
Orientalism
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Author : Edward W. Said
language : en
Publisher: Vintage
Release Date : 2014-10-01
Orientalism written by Edward W. Said and has been published by Vintage this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-10-01 with Social Science categories.
More than three decades after its first publication, Edward Said's groundbreaking critique of the West's historical, cultural, and political perceptions of the East has become a modern classic. In this wide-ranging, intellectually vigorous study, Said traces the origins of "orientalism" to the centuries-long period during which Europe dominated the Middle and Near East and, from its position of power, defined "the orient" simply as "other than" the occident. This entrenched view continues to dominate western ideas and, because it does not allow the East to represent itself, prevents true understanding. Essential, and still eye-opening, Orientalism remains one of the most important books written about our divided world.
Global Pandemics And International Law
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Author : Ilja Pavone
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2023-12-01
Global Pandemics And International Law written by Ilja Pavone and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-12-01 with Law categories.
This book reviews the efficacy of Global Health Law, assessing why its legal framework based on the International Health Regulations did not represent a valid tool in the containment of modern global pandemics such as COVID-19. The book provides an introduction to the international legal framework surrounding epidemics and pandemics and the main global governance issues that have been generated by the COVID-19 outbreak. It highlights the main shortcomings of Global Health Law, while also including practical proposals to improve the WHO’s mechanism to prevent and respond to future disease outbreaks, such as the New Pandemic Treaty. Emphasis is placed on what has not worked in the international, regional and national responses to COVID-19. It is argued that the pandemic has shed light on the weaknesses of global and domestic health law. By identifying legal gaps and providing legal arguments, the book contributes to the historical and conceptual foundation as well as the practical development of international law in the new age of COVID-19, with the ultimate goal of stimulating legal reform in this vital new era. The work will be essential reading for academics, researchers and policy-makers working in International Law, Health Law, Environmental Law, Human Rights Law, Biolaw, and the Law of International Organizations.
Planning For The Wrong Pandemic
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Author : Andrew Lakoff
language : en
Publisher: John Wiley & Sons
Release Date : 2024-07-09
Planning For The Wrong Pandemic written by Andrew Lakoff and has been published by John Wiley & Sons this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2024-07-09 with Social Science categories.
The fractious and disorganized governmental response to the coronavirus pandemic in the United States prompted many observers to ask: why was the country—which had the knowledge, resources, and plans to deal with such an event—caught so unprepared? Critics pointed to a number of candidates for blame: a President who was dismissive of scientific expertise and indifferent to the task of leading government response; a fragmented media landscape that enabled misinformation to prosper; a slow-footed health bureaucracy incapable of flexible response; and social disparities that heightened inequities in the impact of disease. Planning for the Wrong Pandemic takes a different approach. Without dismissing such accounts, it begins with the observation that much of the governmental and expert response to the pandemic had been envisioned and planned for in advance. Moreover, many of these plans were implemented in the early stages of the pandemic. As authorities responded to the crisis, they relied on an already-formulated set of concepts and tools that had been devised for managing a future emergency. These pre-existing tools enabled officials to make sense of the event and to rapidly implement policies in response. But they also led to significant blind spots. This book asks: under what circumstances were these planning tools developed? What did they enable experts, officials, and the public to see, and what did they hide from view? And, finally, as we assess the failures in our response to the pandemic and attempt to prepare for “the next one,” to what extent should we take for granted the capacity of these tools to guide future interventions effectively?
Graphic Medicine Humanizing Healthcare And Novel Approaches In Anatomical Education
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Author : Leonard Shapiro
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-10-25
Graphic Medicine Humanizing Healthcare And Novel Approaches In Anatomical Education written by Leonard Shapiro and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-10-25 with Medical categories.
This book contains subjects by authors with a fresh, exciting and extensive focus within the medical humanities, offering the reader chapters which include the history of medical illustration, Graphic Medicine as a vehicle for the expression of humanistic dimensions of healthcare, equitable and ethical medical illustrations, as well as novel, art-based approaches in anatomical education. Authors consider the role of visual narratives in medical and scientific illustration, the unique affordances of the comics medium, the history of comics as a form of medical and scientific visualization, and the role of comics as didactic tools and as vehicles for the expression of the humanistic dimensions of healthcare. A chapter considers ethical and equitable implications in global healthcare practice, and highlights the work currently being undertaken to address inappropriate and problematic depictions of people in global health visualizations. This will inform the reader of emerging and current thinking about visual communication and the use of images in the public domain, as well as in the healthcare and education sectors. Novel approaches in anatomical education include the benefits of three-dimensional anatomy models made of felt, visual analogies as a method to enhance students’ learning of histology, the use of the hands for learning anatomy, and visualizing anatomy through art, archaeology and medicine. This book will appeal to readers who have an interest in the medical humanities, Graphic Medicine, and ethical medical and anatomical illustrations. These include academic and non-academic readers, medical students, medical educators, clinicians, health-care workers, as well as policy makers.
The Covid Pandemic Essays Book Reviews And Poems
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Author : Therese Jones
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2022-12-02
The Covid Pandemic Essays Book Reviews And Poems written by Therese Jones and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022-12-02 with Social Science categories.
This book contains several critical essays, book reviews, and poems that address the current pandemic to mark a sad but hopeful first anniversary of COVID. Similar to many academic journals, the Journal of Medical Humanities, in which these contributions were first published, has received a number of submissions during the first year of the pandemic relating directly to it. In the early months, the journal saw an unprecedented number of poetry submissions from physicians who seemed to be turning to verse as a way to memorialize what was happening, to find ways of healing from the devastating number of dying patients, and to capture the exhaustion and anxiety of caring for others day after day without respite. By publishing this selection, the volume editors honor and thank all those who have been caring for patients, teaching and mentoring students, and as such have been contributing to our understanding and awareness of this crisis. Previously published in Journal of Medical Humanities, Volume 42, issue 1, March 2021 Chapters “COVID-19, Contagion, and Vaccine Optimism”, “Virile Infertile Men, and Other Representations of In/Fertile Hegemonic Masculinity in Fiction Television Series”, “Movement as Method: Some Existential and Epistemological Reflections on Dance in the Health Humanities” and “The Ethic of Responsibility: Max Weber’s Verstehen and Shared Decision-Making in Patient-Centred Care” are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
I Know Who Caused Covid 19
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Author : Zhou Xun
language : en
Publisher: Reaktion Books
Release Date : 2021-10-06
I Know Who Caused Covid 19 written by Zhou Xun and has been published by Reaktion Books this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-10-06 with Medical categories.
A timely exploration of the global explosion in xenophobia during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through a close analysis of four cases from around the world, this book explores prejudice toward groups who are thought to have caused and spread COVID-19: the residents of Wuhan and Black African communities in China; ultra-Orthodox Jewish communities in the United States, United Kingdom, and Israel; African-Americans in the United States and Black/Asian/mixed ethnic communities in the United Kingdom; and White right-wing groups in the United States and Europe. The authors examine stereotyping and the false attribution of blame towards these groups, as well as what happens when a collective is actually at fault, and how the community deals with these conflicting issues. This is a timely, cogent examination of the blame and xenophobia that have been brought to the surface by the COVID-19 pandemic.