Essays On Applied Network Theory
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Essays On Applied Network Theory
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Author : Mariya Teteryatnikova
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Essays On Applied Network Theory written by Mariya Teteryatnikova and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Economics, Mathematical categories.
Essays Over Netwerken
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Author : Ana Maria Babus
language : en
Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
Release Date : 2008
Essays Over Netwerken written by Ana Maria Babus and has been published by Rozenberg Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
We find information through our social network. A network of banks handles our financial transactions. And when computers freeze under virus attacks, we are reminded of how pervasive networks are. This work concentrates on two topics. The first part of the thesis studies how highly unequal networks, where links are concentrated on a few key nodes, can emerge. The interest is motivated by how their structure affects their function: the spread of information and disease, for instance, may occur faster in such networks The second part of the thesis applies network theories to gain a better understanding of financial systems. We investigate the strategic motivations of banks to interact with each other when the banking system is exposed to the danger of contagion.
Essays In Networks And Applied Microeconomic Theory
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Essays In Networks And Applied Microeconomic Theory written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Business networks categories.
This thesis contains three papers which examine the role of networks and social structure in different modes of socio-economic interactions. The first chapter focuses on purely competitive strategic bilateral interactions - contests. I analyse situations in which agents, embedded in a network, simultaneously play interrelated bilateral contest games with their neighbours. The network structure uniquely determines the behaviour of agents in the equilibrium. I also study the formation of such networks, finding that the complete k-partite network is the unique stable network topology. This implies that agents will endogenously sort themselves in partitions of friends, competing with members of other partitions. The model provides a micro-foundation for the structural balance concept in social psychology, and the main results go in line with theoretical and empirical findings from other disciplines, including international relations, sociology and biology. The second chapter is joint work with my supervisor Fernando Vega-Redondo. We study a competitive equilibrium model on a production network of firms, identifying the measure of centrality in the network that determines the profit of a firm, and network structures that maximize social welfare. The significant part of this chapter focuses on how the network mediates the effects of revenue distortions on profits of firms and social welfare. The results are that the effects of distortions propagate both upstream and downstream through the network. The centrality of the affected firm determines the magnitude of the downstream effect, and the upstream effect is determined by the intercentralities of suppliers of the affected firm. Increasing the density of the network by adding links has a non-monotonic effect on welfare. Adopting a more complex production technology can increase but also decrease the profit of a firm, depending on the network structure; while finding a new buyer will always increase the profit of a firm. In the third paper I analyse the interaction between formal legal enforcement of cooperation and the role of reputation in a heterogeneous population. By choosing to cooperate, even when the quality of the formal institution is not high, an agent signals that he has high work ethics, thereby earning reputation as a better match for future interactions. When there is reputation benefit, the welfare-maximizing quality of the enforcement institution is generally not the one that maximizes cooperation. Depending on the distribution of types in society, the effect of the increase in quality of enforcement on cooperation can be crowded in or crowded out by reputation concerns. When the institutional quality is determined endogenously, the equilibrium quality of the institution will generically be higher than the optimal quality.
Essays On Signaling And Social Networks
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Author : Tomas Rodriguez Barraquer
language : en
Publisher: Stanford University
Release Date : 2011
Essays On Signaling And Social Networks written by Tomas Rodriguez Barraquer and has been published by Stanford University this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.
Over the last few decades some analytic tools intensely used by economics have produced useful insights in topics formerly in the exclusive reach of other social sciences. In particular game theory, justifiable from either a multi-person decision theoretic perspective or from an evolutionary one, often serves as a generous yet sufficiently tight framework for interdisciplinary dialogue. The three essays in this collection apply game theory to answer questions with some aspects of economic interest. The three of them have in common that they are related to topics to which other social sciences, specially sociology, have made significant contributions. While working within economics I have attempted to use constructively and faithfully some of these ideas. Chapter 1, coauthored with Xu Tan, studies situations in which a set of agents take actions in order to convey private information to an observing third party which then assigns a set of prizes based on its beliefs about the ranking of the agents in terms of the unobservable characteristic. These situations were first studied using game theoretic frameworks by Spence and Akerlof in the early seventies, but some of the key insights date back to the foundational work of Veblen. In our analysis we focus on the competitive aspect of some of these situations and cast signals as random variables whose distributions are determined by the underlying unobservable characteristics. Under this formulation different signals have inherent meanings, preceding any stable conventions that may be established. We use these prior meanings to propose an equilibrium selection criterion, which significantly refines the very large set of sequential equilibria in this class of games. In Chapter 2, coauthored with Matthew O. Jackson and Xu Tan, we study the structure of social networks that allow individuals to cooperate with one another in settings in which behavior is non-contractible, by supporting schemes of credible ostracism of deviators. There is a significant literature on the subject of cooperation in social networks focusing on the role of the network in transmitting the information necessary for the timely punishment of deviators, and deriving properties of network structures able to sustain cooperation from that perspective. Ours is one of the first efforts to understand the network restrictions that emerge purely from the credibility of ostracism, carefully considering the implications that the dissolution of any given relationship may have over the sustainability of other relations in the community. In Chapter 3 I study the sets of Pure Strategy Nash equilibria of a variety of binary games of social influence under complete information. In a game of social influence agents simultaneously choose one of two possible strategies (to be inactive or be active), and the optimal choice depends on the strategies of the agents in their social environment. Different social environments and assumptions on the way in which they influence the behavior of the agents lead to different classes of games of varying degrees of tractability. In any such game an equilibrium can be described by the set of agents that are active, and the full set of equilibria can be thus represented as a collection of subsets of the set of agents. I build the analysis of each of the classes of games that I consider around the question: What collections of sets are expressible as the set of equilibria of some game in the class? I am able to provide precise answers to these questions in some of the classes studied, and in other cases just some pointers.
Essays On Network Theory
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Author : Shatian Wang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022
Essays On Network Theory written by Shatian Wang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.
If the query result is positive, then it means that the tested subset contains at least one hyperedge. We propose the first algorithms with poly(n, m) query complexity for learning non-trivial families of hypergraphs that have a super-constant number of edges of super-constant size.
Reassembling The Social
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Author : Bruno Latour
language : en
Publisher: OUP Oxford
Release Date : 2007-09-06
Reassembling The Social written by Bruno Latour and has been published by OUP Oxford this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-09-06 with Social Science categories.
Reassembling the Social is a fundamental challenge from one of the world's leading social theorists to how we understand society and the 'social'. Bruno Latour's contention is that the word 'social', as used by Social Scientists, has become laden with assumptions to the point where it has become misnomer. When the adjective is applied to a phenomenon, it is used to indicate a stablilized state of affairs, a bundle of ties that in due course may be used to account for another phenomenon. But Latour also finds the word used as if it described a type of material, in a comparable way to an adjective such as 'wooden' or 'steely'. Rather than simply indicating what is already assembled together, it is now used in a way that makes assumptions about the nature of what is assembled. It has become a word that designates two distinct things: a process of assembling; and a type of material, distinct from others. Latour shows why 'the social' cannot be thought of as a kind of material or domain, and disputes attempts to provide a 'social explanations' of other states of affairs. While these attempts have been productive (and probably necessary) in the past, the very success of the social sciences mean that they are largely no longer so. At the present stage it is no longer possible to inspect the precise constituents entering the social domain. Latour returns to the original meaning of 'the social' to redefine the notion, and allow it to trace connections again. It will then be possible to resume the traditional goal of the social sciences, but using more refined tools. Drawing on his extensive work examining the 'assemblages' of nature, Latour finds it necessary to scrutinize thoroughly the exact content of what is assembled under the umbrella of Society. This approach, a 'sociology of associations', has become known as Actor-Network-Theory, and this book is an essential introduction both for those seeking to understand Actor-Network Theory, or the ideas of one of its most influential proponents.
Actor Network Theory
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Author : Lee Hooper
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2013-10-08
Actor Network Theory written by Lee Hooper and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-08 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Essay from the year 2012 in the subject Communications - Technical Communication, grade: 1, Massey University, New Zealand, course: Kulturanthropologie, language: English, abstract: Actor Network Theory (ANT) is a sociological and anthropological trend that looks to understand the complexities of how technology and society function in relation to each other; specifically how the power networks between technology and society work and how they influenced each other (Ziemkendorf, 2007, pp.1-2).
Applying The Actor Network Theory In Media Studies
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Author : Spöhrer, Markus
language : en
Publisher: IGI Global
Release Date : 2016-08-24
Applying The Actor Network Theory In Media Studies written by Spöhrer, Markus and has been published by IGI Global this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016-08-24 with Social Science categories.
Actor-Network Theory (ANT), originally a social theory, seeks to organize objects and non-human entities into social networks. Its most innovative claim approaches these networks outside the anthropocentric view, including both humans and non-human objects as active participants in a social context; because of this, the theory has applications in a myriad of domains, not merely in the social sciences. Applying the Actor-Network Theory in Media Studies applies this novel approach to media studies. This publication responds to the current trends in international media studies by presenting ANT as the new theoretical paradigm through which meaningful discussion and analysis of the media, its production, and its social and cultural effects. Featuring both case studies and theoretical and methodical meditations, this timely publication thoroughly considers the possibilities of these disparate, yet divergent fields. This book is intended for use by researchers, students, sociologists, and media analysts concerned with contemporary media studies.
Essays On Networks And Labor Market Mobility
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Author : Ian Schmutte
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Essays On Networks And Labor Market Mobility written by Ian Schmutte and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This dissertation applies the tools of network analysis to study job mobility. Job mobility is a complex phenomenon, and network theory provides a novel and practical framework for dealing with this complexity in understanding how individuals move from job to job. My first essay measures the effect of job referral networks on search outcomes. The key contribution of this essay is providing evidence of one mechanism by which social interactions affect earnings. An on-the-job search model extended to include social transmission of job information yields an empirical specification in which ones current job offer depends on the average offer of his social contacts. Using block level variation in the quality of jobs held by ones residential neighbors, I find that when changing jobs an individual with better local network contacts will obtain a higher quality job. In addition to the main result, this paper provides new evidence on the spatial structure of the wage distribution within urban areas. In the second essay I apply network algorithms to detect groups of workers and employers with relatively homogeneous patterns of job mobility. Workers with interchangeable skills should have similar patterns of mobility across employers that use those skills in roughly the same way. Grouping workers and jobs solely on the basis of similar mobility patterns reveals labor market sectors with distinct compensation structures. My final essay, joint with John Abowd, uses network models to facilitate identification of employer-specific wage premia in a decomposition of log earnings from matched employer-employee data.
Essays In Network Theory Applications For Transportation Planning
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Author : Jeremy David Auerbach
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018
Essays In Network Theory Applications For Transportation Planning written by Jeremy David Auerbach and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with Network analysis (Planning) categories.
Throughout the dissertation, network methods are developed to address pressing issues in transportation science and geography. These methods are applied to case studies to highlight their use for urban planners and social scientists working in transportation, mobility, housing, and health. The first chapter introduces novel network robustness measures for multi-line networks. This work will provide transportation planners a new tool for evaluating the resilience of transportation systems with multiple lines to failures. The second chapter explores optimizing network connectivity to maximize the number of nodes within a given distance to a focal node while minimizing the number and length of additional connections. These methods can be used to identify optimal thoroughfare design around important facilities, such as schools. The third chapter utilizes the network optimization heuristics presented in Chapter 2 to identify the impact of thoroughfare connectivity on student active commuting. Housing developers can incorporate these findings when planning new residential developments around schools. The dissertation concludes with future directions in this research domain.