Essays On Economic Growth And Structural Transformation
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Essays On Economic Growth And Structural Transformation
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Author : Alberto José Vindas Quesada
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Essays On Economic Growth And Structural Transformation written by Alberto José Vindas Quesada and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Economic development categories.
This dissertation consists of three essays on modern economic growth and structural transformation, in particular touching on the reallocation of labor across industries, occupations, and employment statuses. The first chapter investigates the quantitative importance of non-employment in the labor market outcomes for the United States. During the last 50 years, production has shifted from goods to services. In terms of occupations, the routine employment share decreased, giving way to increases in manual and abstract ones. These two patterns are related, and lower non-employment had an important role. A labor allocation model where goods, market services, and home services use different tasks as inputs is used for quantitative exercises. These show that non-employment could significantly slow down polarization and structural transformation, and induce significant displacement within the labor force. The second chapter, coauthored with Bart Hobijn and Todd Schoellman, looks at the demographic structure of structural transformation. More than half of labor reallocation during structural transformation is due to new cohorts disproportionately entering growing industries. This suggests substantial costs to labor reallocation. A model of overlapping generations with life-cycle career choice under switching costs and structural transformation is studied. Switching costs accelerate structural transformation, since forward-looking workers enter growing industries in anticipation of future wage growth. Most of the impact of switching costs shows on relative wages. The third chapter establishes that job polarization is a global phenomenon. The analysis of polarization is extended from a group of developed countries to a sample of 119 economies. At all levels of development, employment shares in routine occupations have decreased since the 1980s. This suggests that routine occupations are becoming increasingly obsolete throughout the world, rather than being outsourced to developing countries. A development accounting framework with technical change at the \textit{task} level is proposed. This allows to quantify and extrapolate task-specific productivity levels. Recent technological change is biased against routine occupations and in favor of manual occupations. This implies that in the following decades, world polarization will continue: employment in routine occupations will decrease, and the reallocation will happen mostly from routine to manual occupations, rather than to abstract ones.
Essays On Structural Transformation Trade And Economic Growth
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Author : Zongye Huang
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On Structural Transformation Trade And Economic Growth written by Zongye Huang and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
"This thesis intends to address questions that are related to structural transformation, trade, and economic growth. The following three essays sequentially investigate three interesting topics that involve these themes. The first essay investigates the structural transformation in the United States from 1950 to 2005. In particular, we emphasize the role of trade in this process. We develop and calibrate a three-sector model to evaluate the contributions of various factors. It shows that, in addition to traditional explanations, such as non-homothetic preference and sector-biased productivity progress, international trade is another major source of structural change and is able to explain about 35.5 percent of the overall labor share decrease in American manufacturing. A further decomposition exercise estimates that inter-sector trade makes a moderate contribution, while trade imbalances dominate the trade channel and account for the recent contraction of employment in the U.S. manufacturing sector. This result supports the argument that persistent trade deficits have a substantial impact on labor allocations.The second essay analyzes the connection between two key variables, the manufacturing employment share and the investment rate, during economic development. Empirical observations document that both of them exhibit a hump-shaped pattern as income increases. Following the recent research on agricultural technology adoption, I propose that the modernization of agriculture is the primary mechanism that forms these two hump-shaped patterns simultaneously, thus, unbalanced technology growth is unnecessary to derive such a hump-shaped pattern. This simple cause helps to explain the similarity of structural transformation processes across countries. The long-run equilibrium of our model is on a generalized balanced growth path as defined by Kongsamut, Rebelo, and Xie (2001). In the third essay, we explore the interaction between trade and growth. In particular, we assume that the information of advanced technology is embodied within high-quality capital goods, which are produced by developed economies. Thus, international technology diffusion goes through the channel of trading high-quality capital goods, which establishes a direct causal linkage from trade to growth. The capital import is subject to the balance of payments constraint and must be financed by exports. We develop a formal two-country model, characterize the steady states, and discuss their dynamic features. Our model could shed light on several stylized facts." --
Structural Change And Economic Growth
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Author : Luigi Pasinetti
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1985
Structural Change And Economic Growth written by Luigi Pasinetti and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1985 with categories.
Economic Growth And Structure
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Author : Simon Kuznets
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1966
Economic Growth And Structure written by Simon Kuznets and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1966 with Economic development categories.
International. An analysis of economic growth. Historical aspects, economic theory, the relationship of population dynamics to increase in production, standard of living trends, the economy of developing countries, the requirements of modern industrialization, the role of agriculture in the national level economy, inequality of income distribution, economic implications of population growth resulting from the influx of immigrants into the USA. References.
China S Economic Modernisation And Structural Changes Essays In Honour Of John Wong
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Author : Zheng Yong-nian
language : en
Publisher: World Scientific
Release Date : 2019-03-05
China S Economic Modernisation And Structural Changes Essays In Honour Of John Wong written by Zheng Yong-nian and has been published by World Scientific this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-03-05 with Business & Economics categories.
This book provides a timely update on the ongoing transformation of the Chinese economy. As the world's second largest economy, China marked the 40th anniversary of economic reform and opening-up in 2018. In this book, top scholars on Chinese economic studies review China's remarkable economic achievement in the past four decades and analyse the challenges facing economic development in the country.The book focusses on structural changes of China's economy, which are essential to steer the country towards sustainable development. It studies the long-term factors affecting the Chinese economy such as education and innovation, and emerging sources of economic growth, such as e-commerce. Other important aspects of the Chinese economy explored in this book include the economic role of the Chinese government, fiscal reforms, capital account liberalisation, housing policies, competition policy and anti-monopoly law, China's export, trends of regional development and reforms of state-owned enterprises.This rich collection of policy-oriented economic studies is also a tribute to Professor John Wong, former research director of the East Asian Institute, National University of Singapore, who passed away in June 2018. For over three decades, Professor Wong had followed and provided insightful analyses on China's economic development.
Openness For Prosperity
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Author : Herbert Giersch
language : en
Publisher: MIT Press
Release Date : 1993
Openness For Prosperity written by Herbert Giersch and has been published by MIT Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Business & Economics categories.
Demonstrates the essential connection between theoretical academic research and the creation of economic policy, reflecting his belief that the study of economics should lead to improvement of the social order and of the quality of human life. Herbert Giersch is one of Germany's most prominent economists and an outstanding contributor to the debate on European economic policy. Openness for Prosperity brings together his major essays in macroeconomic policy, written or published over the past two and a half decades. In these twenty nontechnical essays, Giersch clearly demonstrates the essential connection between theoretical academic research and the creation of economic policy, reflecting his belief that the study of economics should lead to improvement of the social order and of the quality of human life. Some of the policy positions that Giersch favors are free trade, limits to government, and openness of economies to future possibilities.The chapters are arranged in two parts with the first focusing on economic growth and structural change and the second on issues of monetary policy, inflation, and exchange rates. The essays are arranged chronologically according to the dates of publication or writing to suggest how topics and emphases have changed over time.The first part, reflecting Giersch's support of Schumpeter's views, includes essays on aspects of growth, protectionism in foreign trade, the role of entrepreneurship in the 1980s, prospects and problems for European economic integration in the 1990s, the lessons to be learned from West Germany's transition to a market economy, and the author's vision of the European and world economies at the end of this century. In the second part, essays address such issues as flexible exchange rates, indexation, IMF surveillance over exchange rates, neglected aspects of inflation, the effect of central bank independence on monetary policy, and the relationship between real exchange rates and comparative economic growth.
Southeast Asia Routledge Revivals
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Author : Richard Higgott
language : en
Publisher: Routledge
Release Date : 2013-10-31
Southeast Asia Routledge Revivals written by Richard Higgott and has been published by Routledge this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-10-31 with Social Science categories.
The articles in this edited collection, first published in 1985, consider the competing theories of the nature of development and underdevelopment in Southeast Asia. Each chapter challenges the academic orthodoxies and dominant traditions of Southeast Asian studies, particularly in relation to orientalist history, behaviourist political science and development economics. Overall, the contributions offer an alternative framework for analysis, which considers the structural changes to the political economy of Southeast Asia, as well as the relationship between the state, economy and class at a domestic level. This is a fascinating collection, of value to students and academics with an interest in Southeast Asian politics, economics and history.
Essays On Structural Change And Economic Growth
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Author : Adela Argüello
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On Structural Change And Economic Growth written by Adela Argüello and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Education categories.
Structural Change And Economic Growth
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Author : Luigi L. Pasinetti
language : en
Publisher: CUP Archive
Release Date : 1981-04-16
Structural Change And Economic Growth written by Luigi L. Pasinetti and has been published by CUP Archive this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1981-04-16 with Business & Economics categories.
This book presents an original theoretical treatment of the problems of maintaining full employment in a multisector economic system
Economic Structure And Performance
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Author : Hollis B. Chenery
language : en
Publisher: Academic Press
Release Date : 2014-05-10
Economic Structure And Performance written by Hollis B. Chenery and has been published by Academic Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-10 with Law categories.
Economic Structure and Performance: Essays in Honor of Hollis B. Chenery briefly reviews the work of Hollis Chenery in the field of economics. This book discusses the underlying themes in Chenery's work, including structure, strategy, adjustment, and models. Organized into four parts encompassing 26 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the patterns of structural change and their relation to growth. This text then examines the objectives, measures, and implementation of policy, as well as administrative capabilities and cultural characteristics. Other chapters compare Chenery's econometric analysis of development patterns with the historical analyses and suggest that the two approaches complement each other. This book discusses as well the persistence of disequilibrium in segments of the economy. The final chapter deals with simple criteria for detecting critical interdependencies and a formula for measuring their welfare consequences. This book is a valuable resource for economists, industrialists, foreign capitalists, and social scientists.