Essays On Exchange Rate Volatility And On Regional Integration
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Essays On Exchange Rate Volatility And On Regional Integration
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Author : Shang-Jin Wei
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1992
Essays On Exchange Rate Volatility And On Regional Integration written by Shang-Jin Wei and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1992 with categories.
Three Essays On Regional Economic Integration And Exchange Rate Regimes
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Author : Xiaodan Zhao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008
Three Essays On Regional Economic Integration And Exchange Rate Regimes written by Xiaodan Zhao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.
Essays On The Relationships Between Foreign Direct Investment International Trade And Exchange Rate Volatility
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Author : Bedassa Tadesse Ayele
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2003
Essays On The Relationships Between Foreign Direct Investment International Trade And Exchange Rate Volatility written by Bedassa Tadesse Ayele and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2003 with Foreign exchange rates categories.
Essays In International Economics
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Author : Mehmet Fatih Ekinci
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Essays In International Economics written by Mehmet Fatih Ekinci and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Foreign exchange rates categories.
"In Chapter 1, we present and study the properties of a sticky information exchange rate model where consumers and producers update their information sets infrequently. We find that introducing inattentive consumers has important implications. Through a mechanism resembling the limited participation models, we can address the exchange rate volatility for reasonable values of risk aversion. We observe more persistence in output, consumption and employment which brings us closer to the data. Impulse responses to monetary shocks are hump shaped, consistent with the empirical evidence. Forecast errors of inattentive consumers provide a channel to reduce the correlation of relative consumption and real exchange rate. However, we find that decline in the correlation is quantitatively small. Chapter 2 explores the international business cycle implications of replacing the sticky price assumption with sticky information. We assume attentive consumers through this exercise. Mankiw and Reis (2002) propose the sticky information model to generate a lagged inflation response to monetary shocks consistent with the empirical evidence. Their model is also successful to address the inflation persistence observed in the data. We conjecture that sticky information assumption could be helpful to resolve the 'persistence anomaly' of the real exchange rates. We show that hump-shaped inflation response result is sensitive to the assumptions on the monetary policy and price setting block of the model. Furthermore, the response of nominal exchange rate is quite large and it dissipates quickly after a monetary shock. The improvement obtained in the real exchange rate persistence by the lagged inflation response is dominated by the large and short-lived nominal exchange rate responses, therefore it is quantitatively small. For all alternative specifications, we find that sticky information and sticky price models produce similar moments. Chapter 3 investigates the degree of financial integration within and between European countries. We construct two measures of de-facto integration across European regions to capture 'diversification' and 'development finance' in the language of Obstfeld and Taylor (2005). We find evidence that capital market integration within the EU is less than what is implied by theoretical benchmarks and also less than what is found for U.S. states. We ask why is this the case? Using country-level data for economic institutions, we find that these are not able to explain differences between countries. Using regional data from the World Values Surveys, we investigate the effect of 'social capital' on financial integration among European regions. We find regions, where the level of confidence and trust is high, are more financially integrated with each other"--Page v-vi.
Essays On Exchange Rate Policies And Monetary Integration
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Author : Ibrahima Sangare
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On Exchange Rate Policies And Monetary Integration written by Ibrahima Sangare and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This thesis investigates the choice of exchange rate regimes in specific economic contexts. The first part of this work (Chapters 1 and 2) considers the case of small open economies with foreign-currency denominated debt and that of a region where there is a similarity among trade-weighted currency baskets of countries. The second part of the thesis (Chapters 3 and 4) focuses on the study of exchange rate regimes and monetary integration in a liquidity trap environment relative to “tranquil” times. Based on dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models and Bayesian and Panel data econometrics, the thesis mainly uses the analyses of impulse responses, welfare and currency misalignments as comparison criteria among alternative currency regimes.The key lessons from this work are summarized as follows. For small open economies heavily in debted in foreign currency, like those of Southeast Asia, the flexible exchange is the best regime, followed by intermediate and fixed exchange rate regimes. At the regional level, it is shown that the exchange rate targeting regime leads to a stability of intra-regional bilateral exchange rates, which is a sort of fixity of exchange rates similar to a “de facto currency area”. In the context of a liquidity trap, we find that, contrary to common belief during the Euro area crisis, the currency union welfare dominates the independent floating regime. Only a central bank intervention in the form of a managed float policy could allow the independent floating to outperform the monetary union.Through both the empirical and theoretical analyses of the liquidity trap effects on currency misalignments, it is shown that the ZLB constraint tends to reduce currency misalignments compared with the independent floating policy. This suggests a reinforcement of the monetary integration within a monetary union during the liquidity trap.
Essays On Real Exchange Rate Volatility And Openness In International Trade
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Author : Abelardo Salazar Neaves
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Essays On Real Exchange Rate Volatility And Openness In International Trade written by Abelardo Salazar Neaves and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
This work comprises five chapters that explore in detail issues related to real exchange rate volatility and trade openness. In the case of real exchange rate volatility, we start with the decomposition of this measure to determine the relative contribution of traded and nontraded goods to the variance of the real exchange rate. We obtain evidence in favour of a relevant role for non-traded goods. Our estimation of the real exchange rate volatility is included in the second chapter. Our results, based on a cross-section regression, show that the existing link of openness to real exchange rate volatility is weaker when we control for imposed and natural trade barriers. At the same time we are able to obtain a relationship between inflation volatility and the variation of the real exchange rate. Chapters three and four are related to our real exchange rate volatility model. We decide to obtain a specication for openness that could help us explore in detail the idea of country characteristics aecting trade flows. Our rst approach considers a cross-section estimation to identify the factors that consistently aect trade openness. The second approach considers a more dynamic specication. We are able to establish a link between country characteristics and trade openness. At the same time our results capture interesting changes in the eects of the dependent variables on openness across time. The final chapter takes us back to the analysis of real exchange rate volatility. In this case, we explore which measure is the most appropriate amongst those calculated from series in levels and the ones in first dierences. We conclude that series that do not show less stationary behaviour require longer time series (more observations) in order to display results that close to the reference value.
Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation On International Trade Using The World Input Output Database
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Author : Johanna Retana Attoh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Three Essays Assessing Global Value Chain Fragmentation On International Trade Using The World Input Output Database written by Johanna Retana Attoh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with Business logistics categories.
The growing fragmentation of supply chains across countries have changed the way nations engage in international trade. Conventionally, studies have used data on exports to measure trade flows; however, the use of this type of data imposes many assumptions that might misrepresent the real world. For instance, the assumption that the supply chain of a product is confined in only the domestic country does not take into consideration the increasing number of foreign inputs needed to produce a final good. In this dissertation, I use the World Input-Output Database (WIOD), since this dataset allows one to track and decompose the so-called global value chain (GVC) of a product. The first essay uses the WIOD to analyze the degree of competitiveness and integration of the manufacturing sector of Canada, Mexico, and the U.S. (North American countries--NAC) from 1995 to 2007. Competitiveness is the capacity of a country to increase its share of GVC income and GVC jobs. Greater integration with a region is defined as experiencing a growing rate of GVC income and GVC jobs from that specific region to meet domestic final demand of manufactured goods. I answer three main questions: (1) did the NAC lose global competitiveness in the manufacturing sector? This is ambiguous, since the manufacturing sector of NAC experienced a decrease in the share of GVC jobs, from 7.11% in 1995 to 5.79% in 2007. However, the share of labor income associated with those jobs increased. (2) Were the NAC successful at integrating with the ROW? Yes, the share of GVC jobs that the ROW contributed to the NAC manufacturing sector increased from 18.14% in 1995 to 29.66% in 2007; while the share of GVC labor income increased from 7.84% in 1995 to 9.60% in 2007. (3) Were the NAC successful at integrating with the region itself? No, the NAC have become less integrated with the NAC region itself. The second essay uses the WIOD to derive the exchange rate pass-through (ERPT) of the manufacturing sector of NAC for the years 1995 to 2009. ERPT is defined as the percentage change in export prices that is associated with a percentage change in the exchange rate. I am able to derive a measure that improves the estimates of the ERPT. In addition, I derive improved measures of marginal cost, product differentiation, and import share. Using a variance-weighted least-squares regression, I find that product differentiation and marginal cost have a positive and significant impact on ERPT, while the import share has a negative effect on the degree of ERPT. The third essay uses the WIOD to derive a measure of vertical specialization (VS). VS measures the foreign value-added share in the output value of final manufacturing goods in a country. I use a dynamic ordinary least square (DOLS) model to examine the effect of vertical specialization, exchange rate, and exchange rate volatility on bilateral trade flows between the United States and Canada and Mexico for the years 1995 to 2007. DOLS controls for the endogeneity between the dependent variable and vertical specialization. I find that the vertical specialization has a positive effect on trade flows when non-linearities are taken into consideration.
Essays On The Latin American Foreign Exchange Market
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Author : Isabel Ruiz (Economist)
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Essays On The Latin American Foreign Exchange Market written by Isabel Ruiz (Economist) and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Foreign exchange market categories.
During the last decade, Latin American countries have moved towards becoming more open and financially integrated. At the same time, the region has appeared to adopt a "bipolar" position concerning exchange rate regimes. Most countries have moved towards more flexible exchange rates, while others have implemented hard pegs in the form of dollarization. This dissertation has two goals. First, to measure linkages and dynamics across Latin American foreign exchange markets. Second, to explore how exchange rate uncertainty impacts U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) into Latin America. In order to study interactions among these markets, I focus on the level of the currency and a measure of its volatility. I test for first and second order common features: common stochastic trends and common volatility. Evidence of common features in the foreign exchange markets has substantial implications. From a macroeconomic perspective, they indicate movements toward financial integration. From the point of view of investors, it has implications in terms of the assessment of risk and the development of hedging strategies. The existence of common stochastic trends is analyzed across countries, trade areas, and over different periods of time using Johansen (1991, 1995) and Gregory and Hansen (1996) cointegration tests. The existence of a common volatility process is tested using a factor autoregressive heteroscedastic (ARCH) model and the Engle and Kozicki (1993) methodology. The evidence suggests that most countries' currencies are cointegrated with the Brazilian real. This finding implies that the Brazilian real displays useful information about the long-run path of other currencies in the region. In terms of volatility dynamics, while most currencies display evidence of time-varying variance, the volatility movements in the foreign exchange market seems to be mainly country specific. Finally, I analyze the impact of exchange rate changes and exchange rate uncertainty on U.S. FDI inflows into Latin America. Following Engle and Lee (1999), exchange rate uncertainty is decomposed into a transitory and a permanent component. While controlling for other foreign investment determinants, the results indicate that exchange rate uncertainty appears to be detrimental to FDI inflows
Essays In International Trade Exchange Rate Volatility And Asset Market Structure
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Author : Anne Marjaana Mikkola
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1995
Essays In International Trade Exchange Rate Volatility And Asset Market Structure written by Anne Marjaana Mikkola and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995 with International finance categories.
Exchange Rate Volatility And Trade Flows Some New Evidence
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Author : International Monetary Fund
language : en
Publisher: International Monetary Fund
Release Date : 2004-05-19
Exchange Rate Volatility And Trade Flows Some New Evidence written by International Monetary Fund and has been published by International Monetary Fund this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004-05-19 with Business & Economics categories.
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