Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And Quality In International Trade

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Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And Quality In International Trade

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Author : Eddy Bekkers
language : en
Publisher: Rozenberg Publishers
Release Date : 2008

Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And Quality In International Trade written by Eddy Bekkers and has been published by Rozenberg Publishers this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.

The thesis is organized as follows. Chapter 2 contains a survey of the three most in‡fluential models on fi…rm heterogeneity and of the most important empirical work on firrm heterogeneity. The chapter starts with a brief review of the homogeneous productivity imperfect competition literature. Chapter 2 …finishes with a comparison of the three most in‡fluential models of fi…rm heterogeneity and the oligopoly model put forward in the thesis. Chapter 3 addresses exporting uncertainty under heterogeneous popularity. Chapter 4 contains the chapter on …firm heterogeneity under oligopoly. Chapter 5 constitutes the models on …firm heterogeneity and endogenous quality. Chapter 6 points out the within-sector specialization model. Chapter 7 addresses the effect of importer characteristics on unit values and the role of markups and quality to explain this effect. Chapter 8 concludes.

Essays On Firm Dynamics Endogenous Growth And International Trade

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Author : Cristiana Benedetti Fasil
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Essays On Firm Dynamics Endogenous Growth And International Trade written by Cristiana Benedetti Fasil and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Business enterprises categories.

Recent empirical firm level studies reveal the structural heterogeneity of firms in process and product innovation, as well as the central role of product quality in determining world trade patterns and intensities. This calls for a better understanding of the link between firm heterogeneity and the innovation and export decisions of firms which are at the base of productivity growth and, hence, economic growth and development. My dissertation contributes to this debate focusing on the supply side. I propose a novel way to model the production technology of firms by introducing two attributes of firm heterogeneity: cost efficiency and product quality. The goal of the first thesis chapter is to study the effects of process and product innovation on firm dynamics, productivity and endogenous long run growth. In the second chapter an open economy framework with trade between symmetric countries is analyzed. Here the focus is on quantifying the impact of trade as well as trade liberalization on firm innovation dynamics and productivity- and aggregate growth. The third chapter abstracts from endogenous growth and examines the role of the two attributes of firm heterogeneity in shaping the trade patterns and intensities within and across developed and developing countries.

Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And International Trade

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Author : Umut Senalp
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015

Essays On Firm Heterogeneity And International Trade written by Umut Senalp and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.

Essays On Firms And International Trade

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Author : Alvaro Felipe Garcia Marin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Essays On Firms And International Trade written by Alvaro Felipe Garcia Marin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

This dissertation empirically examines three different questions related to the behavior and performance of firms participating of international trade. In the first essay, I ask whether exporting allows firms to charge higher markups. To study this question, I use a unique dataset of Chilean manufacturing firms that contains product-level data on the price and average cost for all goods produced and exported. This allows me to compute direct markup measures, and to identify whether markups variation is accounted by different pricing policies or changes in the production cost. Although within firms the export markup premium is moderate -about 2%-, the study of the trajectories of markups before and after export entry reveals the presence of ongoing gains after export entry. While at the moment of export entry the markup of exported products is not different than the markup of domestic products, three periods after export entry the markup wedge increases to about 7-9%. A decomposition of the markup premium reveals that, within firms, the higher markups on exported products is accounted by both higher prices and marginal cost. In contrast, after export entry, prices and average cost tend to decrease. In the second essay -based on joint work with Nico Voigtlaender-, we revisit the old question of whether firms become more productive after export entry. While there is strong evidence for productivity-driven selection into exporting, previous research has mostly failed to identify export-related efficiency gains within plants. This non-result is typically derived from revenue productivity, which reflects price variation. Using a census panel of Chilean manufacturing plants, we first confirm the non-result for revenue productivity. We then compute plant-product level marginal cost as an efficiency measure that is not affected by prices. We find within-plant efficiency gains of 15-25%, the same order of magnitude as selection effects across plants. Evidence suggests that technology upgrading in combination with export entry is an important driver behind these gains. The final essay studies firms' quality patterns across destinations, when they produce products in different quality segments. I develop a quality model with non-homothetic quality demand and heterogeneity in consumers' income. The model features quality sorting of consumers according to their income level. This implies that firm's quality allocation depends not only on the average income of the country, but on the entire income distribution of the country. The main prediction of the model is related to the role of income inequality on within-firm quality patters. I find that in countries with a smaller middle classes, firms' tend to skew their exports towards products of higher quality. This effect tends to be weaker in countries with higher income. To illustrate the main predictions of the model, I use a unique dataset from the Chilean wine industry. This dataset allows me to construct measures of product quality, that are not affected by aggregation or markup issues. In line with the model's predictions, I find that firms tend export proportionally more high quality products to more unequal countries. However, I find this effect to be quantitatively important only in low and middle-income countries.

Essays On International Trade Productivity And Firm Heterogeneity

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Author : Anders Åkerman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

Essays On International Trade Productivity And Firm Heterogeneity written by Anders Åkerman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.

Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms Financial Factors And International Trade

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Author : Haeng-Sun Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016

Three Essays On Heterogeneous Firms Financial Factors And International Trade written by Haeng-Sun Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.

This thesis emphasizes the role of firm heterogeneity in financial factors and their impact on exporting decisions or off-shoring decisions, and apply it to three different issues : the relationship between firms' leverage and export market participation ; the differential impact of uncertainty on exporting decision in risk-averse and risk-taking firms ; and financial characteristics of firms and relocation choice. The first chapter introduces a financial dimension as an additional source of firm heterogeneity to understand export market participation and examines how the impact of leverage on firms' exporting decisions varies depending on financial constraints, using a panel of korean manufacturing firms over the period of 1994-2011. It shows that the financially-constrained and financially-unconstrained firms base their exporting decision on a different set of rules regarding the leverage. Second, most of the existing literature which examines the links between firm heterogeneity and entry into exporting rests on the assumption that firms are risk-neutral. The second chapter relaxes a strict assumption that firms are risk-neutral and intends to introduce firms' different attitudes towards risk as an additional source of firm heterogeneity. In particular, it examines how risk attitude changes the effect of uncertainty on firms' decision to export, considering two aspect s: firm-specific uncertainty and macroeconomic uncertainty. The third chapter pays attention that fdi can fuel international trade in complicated ways. It intends to consider firms' financial constraints and ownership status as an additional source of firm heterogeneity that impact their offshoring decision.

Three Essays On The Role Of Heterogeneity In Industrial Organization International Trade And Environmental Economics

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Author : Xin Zhao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017

Three Essays On The Role Of Heterogeneity In Industrial Organization International Trade And Environmental Economics written by Xin Zhao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.

This dissertation consists of three studies on trade, industrial organization, and environmental economics. The first study investigates endogenous cartel formation with market entry and firm heterogeneity. We show why large firms do not join a cartel in some industries and choose to compete rather than cooperate with a cartel. We illustrate that, under certain conditions, only firms with intermediate productivity benefit from joining a cartel; and low-productive firms cannot compete efficiently for production quota in the cartel and hence choose to stay out. High-productive firms prefer to stay out because building excess capacity in cartel lowers their profits.

Essays In International Trade Firm Heterogeneity And Gravity Applications

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Author : Sonali Chowdhry
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2022

Essays In International Trade Firm Heterogeneity And Gravity Applications written by Sonali Chowdhry and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2022 with categories.

Essays In International Economics

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Author : Charlotte Sandoz-Dit-Bragard
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2018

Essays In International Economics written by Charlotte Sandoz-Dit-Bragard and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018 with categories.

In this dissertation, I contribute to the literature on international economics by drawing attention to the impact of trade flows and structural reforms on productivity growth in the manufacturing sector in Europe and India. ln the first chapter co-authored, with Antoine Berthou, Jong-Chung Chung and Kalina Manova, we demonstrate that growth in exports and imports boosts labor productivity, but only export demand reallocates activity toward more productive firms in presence of price distortions. Moreover, market and institutional frictions dampen the ability of economies to react and gain from trade shocks. ln the second chapter, I show that the increase in Chinese imports of intermediate inputs is a significant driver of aggregate TFP growth in France as it increases efficiency in sharing market shares between firms. Allowing more firms to access intermediate goods at the best price-quality ratio stimulates aggregate productivity growth. ln the third chapter, co-written with Adil Mohommad and Piyapom Sodsriwiboon, our finding suggests that removing structural rigidities in the labor market and improving credit allocation would reduce distortions and contribute to productivity gains and long term growth in India.

Essays In Firms Heterogeneity And International Trade

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Author : Svetlana Demidova
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006

Essays In Firms Heterogeneity And International Trade written by Svetlana Demidova and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.