Essays On Growth And Human Capital

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Essays On Growth And Human Capital

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Author : Marion Davin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Essays On Growth And Human Capital written by Marion Davin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

This dissertation consists of four essays on human capital and growth. It aims at proposing approaches to better understand the influence of education policy. Specifically, we take into account sectoral properties, since education does not affect each sector in the same way. We also deal with the link between education and the environment, to address environmental challenges that are one of the major political issues.

Essays On Human Capital Institutions And Economic Growth

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Author : Babar Hussain
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011

Essays On Human Capital Institutions And Economic Growth written by Babar Hussain and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with categories.

Two Essays On Human Capital Accumulation And Economic Growth

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Author : Alexandros T. Mourmouras
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1988

Two Essays On Human Capital Accumulation And Economic Growth written by Alexandros T. Mourmouras and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1988 with categories.

Three Essays On Economic Growth Education And Human Capital

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Author : Se-Um Kim
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009

Three Essays On Economic Growth Education And Human Capital written by Se-Um Kim and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.

Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Human Capital And Growth

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Author : Mercy Laita Palamuleni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014

Three Essays On The Macroeconomics Of Human Capital And Growth written by Mercy Laita Palamuleni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with categories.

This dissertation encompasses three essays on the macroeconomics of human capital and economic growth. Below are the individual abstracts for each essay. Essay 1: Does Public Education Spending Increase Human Capital? I investigate the effect of public education spending on the quality of human capital as measured by international student test scores in science and mathematics, conditional on the efficiency of a country's governance. Combining World Bank country level data on government efficiency with rich micro data from the OECD PISA-2009, I estimate a human capital production function from student level data. Prior work suggests that public education expenditures are inconsequential for student achievement. I illustrate that public education spending matters for student test scores when one uses student level data instead of aggregate country level data. These results are robust to controlling for governance measures such as corruption control and regulatory quality. An implication is that less efficient government does not preclude improving test scores through education spending. Essay 2: Inequality of Opportunity in Education: International Evidence from PISA. I provide lower-bound estimates of inequality of opportunity in education (IEO) using micro-data from the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). The measure represents variation in student mathematics test scores which can be explained by predetermined circumstances (including parental education, gender, and additional community variables). I explore the heterogeneity of the measure at the top and bottom of the test score distribution, and demonstrate that IEO accounts for 10 percent of the variation in test scores for students at the top and bottom of the test score distribution. Using this inequality measure I establish three main conclusions. (1) IEO decreases overall in response to an increase in preprimary enrollment rates. An implication here is that improvements in early childhood education might mitigate the effects of IEO factors for some students. (2) IEO increases in a manner which relates to overall inequality. This indicates the possibility of a more general persistence to inequality factors. An implication is that equity-based education policies can be a key tool for reducing income inequality. (3) There is evidence of an equity-efficiency tradeoff in education. An implication here is that public education policies aimed at reducing IEO might hinder overall education efficiency, in that it decreases academic achievement for some groups of students. Essay 3: Public Education Spending and Economic Growth: The Role of Governance. Although the theoretical literature often connects public education spending to growth, individual empirical findings sometimes conflict. In this paper I propose that inefficiencies in public education spending might explain these inconsistencies. Using a dataset from both developed and developing countries observed over the period of 1995 to 2010, I demonstrate that the efficiency of public education spending on growth depends on a country's level and quality of governance. I also find evidence that increasing educational spending is associated with higher economic growth only in countries that are less corrupt. These findings have important implications for the formation of effective education policies in developing countries. They illustrate that efficient public education spending augments economic growth in a way that increased spending alone does not match.

Essays On Growth Human Capital And Income Distribution

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Author : Valerie Cerra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1996

Essays On Growth Human Capital And Income Distribution written by Valerie Cerra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1996 with Capital categories.

Essays On Human Capital Technology Market Power And Growth

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Author : Alberto Bucci
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002

Essays On Human Capital Technology Market Power And Growth written by Alberto Bucci and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with categories.

Essays On Fiscal Policy Human Capital Inequality And Growth

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Author : Maria Carme Riera i Prunera
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2001

Essays On Fiscal Policy Human Capital Inequality And Growth written by Maria Carme Riera i Prunera and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with categories.

Essays On Human Capital Population And Growth

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Author : Haitham Issa
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004

Essays On Human Capital Population And Growth written by Haitham Issa and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with categories.

Human Capital Economic Growth And Income Distribution

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Author : Chang Gyu Kwag
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1991

Human Capital Economic Growth And Income Distribution written by Chang Gyu Kwag and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1991 with Human capital categories.

Essay one is concerned with how and why an individual invests in human capital and how tax policy affects investment in human capital. We examine optimal investment in human capital and the effect of tax policy on human capital formation, and test several hypotheses derived from the theory using U.S. time-series data. Investment in human capital in terms of college enrollment rates is positively related to family income, rate of return to human capital, and unemployment rates, while it is negatively related to educational cost, and rate of return to physical capital. In addition, the average income tax rates show a negative effect on college enrollment rates. Essay two discusses human capital and economic growth. We first investigate the elasticities of substitution among inputs using the nested constant elasticity of substitution production function to focus on the so-called capital-skill complementarity hypothesis. We here compare two models: one is a model with human capital and raw labor, and the other is a model with higher skilled labor and lower skilled labor. In both models, the elasticities of substitution among inputs are very low, but the complementarity hypothesis is still weakly confirmed. Human capital turns out to be essential in achieving medium-term economic growth empirically. We also demonstrate the key role of human capital in the long-term steady state within the context of the endogenous growth model. Essay three considers the role of human capital on income distribution. Using the nested CES production function, we first derive factor shares, and then examine the relationship between functional and personal income distribution. An increase in share of labor income reduces overall income inequality, while an increase in share of transfer income has a negative effect on income distribution. Human capital, especially primary and secondary level of human capital stock, is a crucial factor in reducing income inequality. Finally, this study develops and presents new estimates of human capital stock in the United States, as well as annual earnings, and labor force by education level for the period 1947-1989. Data shows that the growth rate of GNP is very closely related to that of human capital stock. (Abstract shortened with permission of author.)