Essays On Human Capital Formation In Sustainable Development
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Essays On Human Capital Formation In Sustainable Development
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Author : Margaret MacLeod
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2009
Essays On Human Capital Formation In Sustainable Development written by Margaret MacLeod and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2009 with categories.
Essays On Sustainable Development And Human Capital
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Author : Jesse Keith Anttila-Hughes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On Sustainable Development And Human Capital written by Jesse Keith Anttila-Hughes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
Sustainable development is often taken to mean development that improves human well being subject to natural constraints over time, but in practice quantifying sustainability outcomes is often difficult. In this dissertation I seek to better elucidate the relationship between sustainable development and its natural constraints by focusing on human capital outcomes, which I argue provide one of our best summary statistics for "human well being" in general. Whether the constraints are imposed by natural systems (Chapters 2 and 3) or human ones (Chapter 4) I find strong evidence to suggest that attempts to pursue sustainable economic development must deal with nuanced and often conflicting interactions between the human capital invesment and accumulation process and its fundamental constraints.
Essays On Human Capital Formation In Developing Countries
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Author : Alexander Sergeevich Ugarov
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
Essays On Human Capital Formation In Developing Countries written by Alexander Sergeevich Ugarov and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Human capital categories.
Differences in human capital explain approximately one-half of the productivity variation across countries. Therefore, we need to understand drivers of human capital accumulation in order to design successful development policies. My dissertation studies formation and use of human capital with emphasis on its less tangible forms, including skills, abilities and know-how. The first chapter of my dissertation explores the effects of occupational and educational barriers on human capital stock and aggregate productivity. I find that students' academic skills have very small impact on occupational choice in most developing countries. This finding suggests a higher incidence of occupational barriers in developing countries. I evaluate the productivity losses resulting from occupational barriers by calibrating a general equilibrium model of occupational choice. According to my estimation, developing countries can increase their GDP by up to twenty percent by reducing the barriers to the level of a benchmark country (US). In the second chapter of my dissertation, I study the effects of economic growth on education quality. Several models of human capital accumulation predict that incomes have a positive causal effect on human capital for given levels of education by increasing the consumption of educational goods. The paper tests this prediction by using a within country variation in incomes per-capita across different cohorts of US immigrants. Wages of US migrants conditional on years of education serve as a measure of education quality. I find that average domestic incomes experienced by migrants in age from zero to twenty years have a significant positive effect on their future earnings in the US. The third chapter studies the effects of employee-driven technology spillovers on technology adoption. It challenges the theoretical result of Franco and Filson (2006) by assuming that workers are risk averse and that the number of competitors is finite. In this more realistic scenario spillovers significantly reduce payoffs from adopting advanced technologies.
The Value Of Human Sustainability In Human Capital Management
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Author : Caroline Mutuku
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2018-07-13
The Value Of Human Sustainability In Human Capital Management written by Caroline Mutuku and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-07-13 with Business & Economics categories.
Seminar paper from the year 2018 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1.3, , language: English, abstract: Human sustainability is a term that has been explained by many scholars interested in management. According to Ashby, Leat and Hudson-Smith (2012), human sustainability refers to different means of providing a high amount of food products together with beverages and improvement of healthy eating. Human sustainability enhances provision of support to people, in order to live healthier lives. In practice, the healthy living of people has a vital influence on the development and sustainability of an organization. This involves retention of human capital whereby health and nutrition of employees is promoted. It is clear that successful organizations maintain their human capital through helping the employees to adopt healthy living. Therefore, this essay seeks to explore the meaning of human sustainability theme as discussed by different authors. The essay also seeks to relate this theme with organizational change and sustainability through the application of appropriate change model and change approach.
Essays On Human Capital Formation In Developing Countries
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Author : Abhijeet Singh
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2014
Essays On Human Capital Formation In Developing Countries written by Abhijeet Singh and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014 with Developing countries categories.
Essays In Experimental Development Economics And Human Capital Formation
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Author : Rahul Mehrotra
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Essays In Experimental Development Economics And Human Capital Formation written by Rahul Mehrotra and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
Essays On Human Capital Formation Over The Life Cycle
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Author : Francesca Salvati
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021
Essays On Human Capital Formation Over The Life Cycle written by Francesca Salvati and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021 with categories.
Three Essays On Human Capital
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Author : Xiaoyan Chen Youderian
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Three Essays On Human Capital written by Xiaoyan Chen Youderian and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.
The first essay considers how the timing of government education spending influences the intergenerational persistence of income. We build a life-cycle model where human capital is accumulated in early and late childhood. Both families and the government can increase the human capital of young agents by investing in education at each stage of childhood. Ability in each dynasty follows a stochastic process. Different abilities and resultant spending histories generate a stochastic steady state distribution of income. We calibrate our model to match aggregate statistics in terms of education expenditures, income persistence and inequality. We show that increasing government spending in early childhood education is effective in lowering intergenerational earnings elasticity. An increase in government funding of early childhood education equivalent to 0.8 percent of GDP reduces income persistence by 8.4 percent. We find that this relatively large effect is due to the weakening relationship between family income and education investment. Since this link is already weak in late childhood, allocating more public resources to late childhood education does not improve the intergenerational mobility of economic status. Furthermore, focusing more on late childhood may raise intergenerational persistence by amplifying the gap in human capital developed in early childhood. The second essay considers parental time investment in early childhood as an education input and explores the impact of early education policies on labor supply and human capital. I develop a five-period overlapping generations model where human capital formation is a multi-stage process. An agent's human capital is accumulated through early and late childhood. Parents make income and time allocation decisions in response to government expenditures and parental leave policies. The model is calibrated to the U.S. economy so that the generated data matches the Gini index and parental participation in education expenditures. The general equilibrium environment shows that subsidizing private education spending and adopting paid parental leave are both effective at increasing human capital. These two policies give parents incentives to increase physical and time investment, respectively. Labor supply decreases due to the introduction of paid parental leave as intended. In addition, low-wage earners are most responsive to parental leave by working less and spending more time with children. The third essay is on the motherhood wage penalty. There is substantial evidence that women with children bear a wage penalty of 5 to 10 percent due to their motherhood status. This wage gap is usually estimated by comparing the wages of working mothers to childless women after controlling for human capital and individual characteristics. This method runs into the problem of selection bias by excluding non-working women. This paper addresses the issue in two ways. First, I develop a simple model of fertility and labor participation decisions to examine the relationships among fertility, employment, and wages. The model implies that mothers face different reservation wages due to variance in preference over child care, while non-mothers face the same reservation wage. Thus, a mother with a relatively high wage may choose not to work because of her strong preference for time with children. In contrast, a childless woman who is not working must face a relatively low wage. For this reason, empirical analysis that focuses only on employed women may result in a biased estimate of the motherhood wage penalty. Second, to test the predictions of the model, I use 2004-2009 data from the 1997 National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY97) and include non-working women in the two-stage Heckman selection model. The empirical results from OLS and the fixed effects model are consistent with the findings in previous studies. However, the child penalty becomes smaller and insignificant after non-working women are included. It implies that the observed wage gap in the labor market appears to overstate the child wage penalty due to the sample selection bias.
Addressing Barriers To Human Capital Accumulation Essays In Development And Health Economics
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Author : Sophie Ochmann
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2023
Addressing Barriers To Human Capital Accumulation Essays In Development And Health Economics written by Sophie Ochmann and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023 with categories.
While health and education, jointly referred to as human capital, are important ends in themselves, they are also important drivers of poverty alleviation and economic growth. Understanding and overcoming the barriers that constrain human capital accumulation is hence crucial for economic development. This dissertation examines three barriers to human capital accumulation in three essays. Essay one studies whether providing school-based management committees with a grant and training can improve primary educational attainment in Sokoto, Nigeria. We thereby contribute evidence from an unders...
Essays On Human Capital Formation Living Standards And Selective Migration
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Author : Yvonne Stolz
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On Human Capital Formation Living Standards And Selective Migration written by Yvonne Stolz and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Human capital categories.