Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Download Essays On The Economics Of Education PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Essays On The Economics Of Education book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Emily P. Hoffman
language : en
Publisher: W. E. Upjohn Institute
Release Date : 1993
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Emily P. Hoffman and has been published by W. E. Upjohn Institute this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Education categories.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Elizabeth Dhuey
language : en
Publisher: ProQuest
Release Date : 2007
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Elizabeth Dhuey and has been published by ProQuest this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with categories.
The final chapter is "The Persistence of Early Childhood Maturity: International Evidence of Long-Run Age Effects." A continuum of ages exists at school entry due to the use of a single school cut-off date--making the "oldest" children approximately twenty percent older than the "youngest" children. We provide substantial evidence that these initial maturity differences have long lasting effects on student performance across OECD countries. In particular, the youngest members of each cohort score 4-12 percentiles lower than the oldest members in grade four and 2-9 percentiles lower in grade eight. In fact, data from Canada and the United States shows that the youngest members of each cohort are even less likely to attend university.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Scott A. Imberman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2007
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Scott A. Imberman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Academic achievement categories.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Margaret Leighton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Margaret Leighton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This thesis is composed of three chapters. The first two chapters consider specific aspects of the educational path and how these relate to, in the first case, earnings and occupation choice and, in the second, progress through school. The third chapter studies how variations in municipal finance affect investments in education. The first chapter of this thesis estimates the importance of two aspects of human capital accumulation: the acquisition of job-related skills, and the student's discovery of his relative abilities across disciplines. Specifically, we measure whether additional years of multi-disciplinary education help students make a better choice of specialization, and at what cost in foregone specialized human capital. We document that, in the cross section, students who choose their major later are more likely to change fields on the labor market. We then build and estimate a dynamic model of college education which captures the tradeoff between discovering comparative advantage and acquiring occupation-specific skills. Estimates suggest that delaying specialization is informative, although noisy. Working in the field of comparative advantage accounts for up to 20% of a well-matched worker's earnings. While education is transferable across fields with only a 10% penalty, workers who wish to change fields incur a large, one-time cost. The second chapter considers the impact of automatically promoting young children from one grade level to the next on retention and grade progression in primary school. Exploiting variation in grade repetition practices in Brazil, we study the effect of automatic promotion cycles on grade attainment and academic persistence of primary school children. The dynamic policy environment allows us to estimate the impact of the policy when applied at different times during schooling, both in the short term and as children exposed to the policy progress through primary school. We find that automatic promotion increases grade attainment: one year of exposure to the policy is associated with 3 students out of 100 studying one grade level above where they would be absent the policy. This effect persists over time, and cumulates with further exposure to the policy. The third chapter moves away from students to focus on education infrastructure. In the paper we seek to answer the question of how transfers from the federal government in Brazil affect both education spending and the resources available for education at the municipal level. We find that increased transfers lead to an immediate rise in current and capital spending. These increases are focused on education and welfare expenditure in poorer municipalities, while richer municipalities expand capital spending in the transport and housing sectors. Furthermore, particularly in wealthier municipalities, increases in transfers cause a short-term increase in local tax revenues. Positive transfer shocks are associated with increases in the number of teachers and, to a lesser extent, the number of classrooms. Transfers are also associated with substantial re-allocation of resources across schools offering classes at different levels, with secondary schools and schools teaching senior primary grades expanding at the expense of junior primary schools.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Sarah Rose Cohodes
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Sarah Rose Cohodes and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This dissertation includes three essays in the field of economics of education.
Essays In The Economics Of Education And Innovation
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nicola Bianchi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Essays In The Economics Of Education And Innovation written by Nicola Bianchi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with categories.
This dissertation contains three essays on the economics of education and innovation. In the first essay, I study the effects of increased access to higher education by examining a dramatic 1961 Italian reform that increased university enrollment in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) fields by more than 200 percent in a few years. The peculiar features of the reform allow me to identify students who were unaffected, directly affected, and indirectly affected. They also allow me to identify key channels through which the effects ran. Using data I collected from tax returns and hand-written transcripts on more than 27,000 students, I show that the direct effects of the reform were as intended: many more students enrolled and many more obtained degrees. However, I also find that those induced to enroll earned no more than students in earlier cohorts who were denied access to university. I reconcile these surprising results by showing that the education expansion reduced returns to skill and lowered university learning through congestion and peer effects. I also demonstrate that apparently inframarginal students were significantly affected: the most able of them abandoned STEM majors rather than accept lower returns and lower human capital. The promotion of STEM education, realized by inducing more students to enroll in university STEM majors, might have large positive externalities by fostering the production of innovation. In the second essay (joint work with Michela Giorcelli), we use the 1961 Italian reform of college admissions as a positive shock to the amount of STEM workers in the economy. We isolate the effect of the policy on invention using a variety of techniques. At the individual level, we link the school and income data of students that were in school around the policy implementation with information on each Italian patent that they owned or developed. At the national level, we exploit differential increases of STEM skills in municipalities that were at varying distance from a STEM school. In both cases, we do not find strong evidence that easier access to university STEM majors led to higher level of patenting. In the third essay (joint work with Joerg Baten and Petra Moser), we investigate whether compulsory licensing - which allows governments to license patents with- out the consent of patent-owners - discourages invention. Our analysis exploits new historical data on German patents to examine the effects of compulsory licensing under the US Trading-with-the-Enemy Act on invention in Germany. We find that compulsory licensing was associated with a 28 percent increase in invention. Historical evidence indicates that, as a result of war-related demands, fields with licensing were negatively selected, so that OLS estimates may underestimate the positive effects of compulsory licensing on future inventions.
Essays On The Economics Of Education And Language Of Instruction
DOWNLOAD
Author : Lyliana Elizabeth Gayoso de Ervin
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2016
Essays On The Economics Of Education And Language Of Instruction written by Lyliana Elizabeth Gayoso de Ervin and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2016 with categories.
In the third essay, I use survival analysis techniques to identify factors affecting primary school drop out by Guarani, Spanish, and bilingual speaking students. The results indicate that language-disadvantaged students, the Guarani speakers, are more likely to drop out at any grade after second grade, and the risk of dropping out is highest after sixth grade. The overall findings of this dissertation reveal that language plays an important role in educational outcomes.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Peter Sturmthal Bergman
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Peter Sturmthal Bergman and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Academic achievement categories.
I study three separate questions in this dissertation. In Chapter 1, I examine how information frictions between parents and their children affect human capital investment, and how much reducing those friction can improve student effort and achievement. I find that providing additional information to parents regarding missing assignments is a potentially cost-effective strategy to increase parental investments and improve student achievement. In Chapter 2, we measure the impact of high-quality charter schools on teen fertility using admission lotteries to several Los Angeles charter schools as a natural experiment. We find evidence that admission to high-quality charter schools can substantially reduce teen pregnancies. In Chapter 3, we semi-parametrically estimate teacher effects on student test scores using data from the Los Angeles Unified School District. We document that there is significantly more within-teacher variation in teachers' effects than across teacher variation. We find that interacting the teacher indicator variables with a function of the students' lagged test scores captures most of the nonlinearities, preserves the heterogeneity of teacher effects, and provides more accurate estimates.
Essays On The Economics Of Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Morgan Kusler Taylor
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2020
Essays On The Economics Of Education written by Morgan Kusler Taylor and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020 with Academic achievement categories.
This dissertation consists of three essays on higher education and students' decision-making processes regarding their choices of academic disciplines, persistence, and modes of attrition. The first chapter is motivated by the underrepresentation of women in quantitatively oriented academic fields such as STEM, business, and economics. Some scholars have noted that the grade levels in these fields are substantially lower on average, and hypothesize that female students exhibit relatively stronger sensitivity to the grades they receive. This paper undertakes an examination of these issues using the rich Indiana University data set. We find that the phenomenon of women's stronger sensitivity to grades, as measured by their decisions about persisting in a chosen discipline, holds for STEM, business, and economics but does not universally extend to other academic disciplines. This empirical dichotomy suggests that stronger sensitivity to grades, rather than being a gender-specific characteristic, is more likely to reflect gender differences in the underlying preferences for academic fields.The second chapter analyzes the risky endeavor of enrolling in college with initially incomplete information, which can result in a student's decision to drop out without completing a degree. This paper studies the dropout decisions among students who abandon their initially chosen disciplines. This is the sub-population of students who are likely to have received negative feedback in terms of their performance in the initially chosen disciplines and are thus compelled to act on this information by choosing a mode of exiting, i.e., switching to an alternative discipline or dropping out. Our main focus is on how dropout probabilities conditional on exit from an initial discipline differ between men and women and how this difference depends on the discipline from which the student is departing and students' grade performance there. Our key empirical finding is that the direction of gender differences in conditional dropout propensities is field-dependent. Specifically, while men exhibit higher propensity than women to use the dropout mode of exit when they decide against persisting in STEM or Business and Economics, this phenomenon does not carry over to other starting academic categories, such as Social Sciences and Humanities, Education, and other professional schools.The third chapter begins by acknowledging that college students initially matriculate with incomplete information about their academic ability, interests, or the requirements for success in college. In this paper we examine the impact of student characteristics such as family income and gender on the initial choice of college discipline, persistence in it, or its subsequent adjustment. Using comprehensive student data provided by Indiana University Learning Analytics, we are able to explore whether such impact is discipline-specific. We show, in particular, that there is a positive correlation between family income and consistency of initial choices, i.e., persistence, is seen across all broad academic categories for both men and women, except for Social Sciences and Humanities where the magnitude of the effect of income is notably smaller, if not negligible. The paper also offers new evidence that higher education, rather than being a vehicle for social mobility, tends to strengthen the advantage gap between students from different family income levels.
Readings In The Economics Of Education A Selection Of Articles Essays And Texts From The Works Of Economists Past And Present On The Relationships Between Economics And Education
DOWNLOAD
Author : Unesco
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1968
Readings In The Economics Of Education A Selection Of Articles Essays And Texts From The Works Of Economists Past And Present On The Relationships Between Economics And Education written by Unesco and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1968 with Education categories.