Estimating The Economic Impact Of Large Hydropower Projects A Dynamic Multi Regional Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

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Estimating The Economic Impact Of Large Hydropower Projects A Dynamic Multi Regional Computable General Equilibrium Analysis

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Author : Hongzhen Ni
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2021-09-13

Estimating The Economic Impact Of Large Hydropower Projects A Dynamic Multi Regional Computable General Equilibrium Analysis written by Hongzhen Ni and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-09-13 with categories.

In response to the growing energy demands and decarbonization pressure, Chinese authorities plan to invest more in hydropower development. However, there are concerns about the possible effects on macroeconomy and environment. This paper uses SinoTERM, a dynamic multi-regional computable general equilibrium model (CGE) of the Chinese economy, to analyze the economic impact of large hydropower development projects. The model features regional labor market dynamics and an electricity subdivision module with substitutability between various types of electricity generation. The results suggest that hydropower development will boost economic growth in the project region. Most sectors in the project region will benefit from the hydropower while some sectors will suffer a loss in output because of the substantial increase in real wages. Neighboring regions also benefit as a result of increased electricity supply in the operational phase of the proposed hydropower station. The impact of the hydropower development project on the national GDP as a whole is relatively small although positive. However, because of the long lag between the construction and operational phases, the hydropower development project will result in a national welfare loss measured by real household consumption and net foreign liability. Therefore, the project could only be justified if net environmental benefits outweigh this loss.

Chinagem A Dynamic General Equilibrium Model Of China Theory Data And Applications

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Author : Xiujian Peng
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2023-09-24

Chinagem A Dynamic General Equilibrium Model Of China Theory Data And Applications written by Xiujian Peng and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2023-09-24 with Business & Economics categories.

This book contains detailed documentation of the CHINAGEM model - a large-scale dynamic computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of China and its applications. Specifically, this book documents the theory and database behind the CHINAGEM model. This book explores the closure development for the four simulation modes of the model including historical, decomposition, forecast and policy simulations, the detailed explanation of how to analyze simulation results, and the extensions of CHINAGEM and their applications. These extensions include several innovative modules and case studies as examples of the application of CHINAGEM. This book provides an entry point for CGE modellers to develop their analytical skills. This book can also be used as a platform for research institutes to develop CGE models suitable for their research portfolio. The module developments included in this book are designed to capture the specific features of the Chinese economy. The applications of these modules chosen in the book cover hot policy issues in China, and the simulation results have valuable policy implications. This book identifies that the CHINAGEM model itself and all the extensions can be used for analysing many new topics and policy issues such as the effects of the USA–China trade war, the effects of Made in China 2025 Plan as well as China’s commitment to the carbon neutrality before 2060 and its economic implications.

Economic Modeling Of Water

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Author : Glyn Wittwer
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-06

Economic Modeling Of Water written by Glyn Wittwer and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-06 with Business & Economics categories.

The book details the innovative TERM (The Enormous Regional Model) approach to regional and national economic modeling, and explains the conversion from a comparative-static to a dynamic model. It moves on to an adaptation of TERM to water policy, including the additional theoretical and database requirements of the dynamic TERM-H2O model. In particular, it examines the contrasting economic impacts of water buyback policy and recurring droughts in the Murray-Darling Basin. South-east Queensland, where climate uncertainty has been borne out by record-breaking drought and the worst floods in living memory, provides a chapter-length case study. The exploration of the policy background and implications of TERM’s dynamic modeling will provide food for thought in policy making circles worldwide, where there is a pressing need for solutions to similarly intractable problems in water management.

Economy Wide Modeling Of Water At Regional And Global Scales

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Author : Glyn Wittwer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2019-02-07

Economy Wide Modeling Of Water At Regional And Global Scales written by Glyn Wittwer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-02-07 with Business & Economics categories.

This book deals with the economic modelling of water at the global, national and sub-national levels. It presents a multi-faceted analysis and, while it outlines the theories behind various models, its main purpose is to analyse policy issues and present insights arising from modelling, including a chapter analysing the macroeconomic implications of climate change. Arguably the most compelling reason for publishing a book on the economic modelling of water arises from the fact that agriculture accounts for approximately 70% of water used for economic purposes, while only contributing 4% of global income. Given that water is an essential commodity, this discrepancy may in part be symptomatic of an undervaluation of water due to immature and incomplete markets. In turn, this undervaluation has led to an ongoing misallocation of water. When economic models include water accounts that feed into production functions, they model impacts on the marginal product of water. Policies that improve the link between the marginal product and price of water will improve water allocation, while advanced economic models such as those presented here can enhance our ability to explore the possible impacts of improved policy.

Estimating Global Climate Change Impacts On Hydropower Projects

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Author : Atsushi
language : en
Publisher: World Bank Publications
Release Date : 2007

Estimating Global Climate Change Impacts On Hydropower Projects written by Atsushi and has been published by World Bank Publications this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007 with Carbon dioxide categories.

Abstract: The world is faced with considerable risk and uncertainty about climate change. Particular attention has been paid increasingly to hydropower generation in recent years because it is renewable energy. However, hydropower is among the most vulnerable industries to changes in global and regional climate. This paper aims to examine the possibility of applying a simple vector autoregressive model to forecast future hydrological series and evaluate the resulting impact on hydropower projects. Three projects are considered - in India, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam. The results are still tentative in terms of both methodology and implications; but the analysis shows that the calibrated dynamic forecasts of hydrological series are much different from the conventional reference points in the 90 percent dependable year. The paper also finds that hydrological discharges tend to increase with rainfall and decrease with temperature. The rainy season would likely have higher water levels, but in the lean season water resources would become even more limited. The amount of energy generated would be affected to a certain extent, but the project viability may not change so much. Comparing the three cases, it is suggested that having larger installed capacity and some storage capacity might be useful to accommodate future hydrological series and seasonality. A broader assessment will be called for at the project preparation stage.

Evaluating Water Projects

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Author : Per-Olov Johansson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-04-08

Evaluating Water Projects written by Per-Olov Johansson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-04-08 with Business & Economics categories.

Should more water be diverted to or from electricity generation? This timely question is addressed in this short volume. Two different approaches are introduced and compared: The first is a cost-benefit analysis, examining the case of re-regulating a Swedish hydropower plant in which water is diverted from electricity generation to the downstream dryway. The proposed scenario generates environmental and other benefits, but comes at a cost in terms of lost electricity. The second study introduces an approach very different from the one used in conventional cost-benefit analysis, and provides a set of measures designed so that most, if not all, affected parties will be better off. Thus, in contrast to a conventional cost-benefit analysis, which draws on hypothetical compensation measures, the new approach envisages actual compensation. Comparing two different theoretical frameworks on the basis of a real-world case, this study can be seen as a manual that can be used to evaluate reasonably small re-regulation of rivers.

The Economics Of Evaluating Water Projects

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Author : Per-Olov Johansson
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2012-03-14

The Economics Of Evaluating Water Projects written by Per-Olov Johansson and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-14 with Business & Economics categories.

This book presents research on a kind of water use conflicts that is becoming more and more common and important: How to best manage moving water in times of increasing demand for electricity as well as environmental services. How should decisions be made between water use for electricity generation or for environmental and recreational benefits? The authors develop a simple general equilibrium model of a small open economy which is used to derive a cost-benefit rule that can be used to assess projects that divert water from electricity generation to recreational and other uses (or vice versa). The cost-benefit rule is then applied to the specific case of a proposed change at a Swedish hydropower plant. The book provides a manual for the evaluation of river regulations which can easily be replicated in other studies.

The Economic Impact Of Water Taxes

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Author : Maria Berrittella
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012

The Economic Impact Of Water Taxes written by Maria Berrittella and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with categories.

Water is scarce in many countries. One instrument to improve the allocation of a scarce resource is (efficient) pricing or taxation. However, water is implicitly traded on international markets, particularly through food and textiles, so that impacts of water taxes cannot be studied in isolation, but require an analysis of international trade implications. We include water as a production factor in a multi-region, multi-sector computable general equilibrium model (GTAP), to assess a series of water tax policies. We find that water taxes reduce water use, and lead to shifts in production, consumption, and international trade patterns. Countries that do not levy water taxes are nonetheless affected by other countries' taxes. Taxes on agricultural water use drive most of the economic and welfare impacts. Reductions in water use (welfare losses) are less (more) than linear in the price of water. The results are sensitive to the assumed ability to substitute other production factors for water. A water tax on production would have different effects on water use, production and trade patterns, and the size and distribution of welfare losses than would a water tax on final consumption.

Economic Modeling Of Water

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Author : Glyn Wittwer
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2012-03-14

Economic Modeling Of Water written by Glyn Wittwer and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-03-14 with Business & Economics categories.

The book details the innovative TERM (The Enormous Regional Model) approach to regional and national economic modeling, and explains the conversion from a comparative-static to a dynamic model. It moves on to an adaptation of TERM to water policy, including the additional theoretical and database requirements of the dynamic TERM-H2O model. In particular, it examines the contrasting economic impacts of water buyback policy and recurring droughts in the Murray-Darling Basin. South-east Queensland, where climate uncertainty has been borne out by record-breaking drought and the worst floods in living memory, provides a chapter-length case study. The exploration of the policy background and implications of TERM’s dynamic modeling will provide food for thought in policy making circles worldwide, where there is a pressing need for solutions to similarly intractable problems in water management.

The Economic Impact Water Taxes

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Author : Maria Berrittella
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2008

The Economic Impact Water Taxes written by Maria Berrittella and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2008 with categories.