Evaluating Eyewitness Identification
DOWNLOAD
Download Evaluating Eyewitness Identification PDF/ePub or read online books in Mobi eBooks. Click Download or Read Online button to get Evaluating Eyewitness Identification book now. This website allows unlimited access to, at the time of writing, more than 1.5 million titles, including hundreds of thousands of titles in various foreign languages. If the content not found or just blank you must refresh this page
Evaluating Eyewitness Identification
DOWNLOAD
Author : Brian L. Cutler
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2010-01-25
Evaluating Eyewitness Identification written by Brian L. Cutler and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010-01-25 with Language Arts & Disciplines categories.
This volume deals with the issues involved in evaluating eyewitness testimony. In making recommendations for best practice, authors consider empirical support, legal relevance, and consistency with ethical and professional standards.
Identifying The Culprit
DOWNLOAD
Author : National Research Council
language : en
Publisher: National Academies Press
Release Date : 2015-01-16
Identifying The Culprit written by National Research Council and has been published by National Academies Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-01-16 with Law categories.
Identifying the Culprit: Assessing Eyewitness Identification makes the case that better data collection and research on eyewitness identification, new law enforcement training protocols, standardized procedures for administering line-ups, and improvements in the handling of eyewitness identification in court can increase the chances that accurate identifications are made. This report explains the science that has emerged during the past 30 years on eyewitness identifications and identifies best practices in eyewitness procedures for the law enforcement community and in the presentation of eyewitness evidence in the courtroom. In order to continue the advancement of eyewitness identification research, the report recommends a focused research agenda.
Psychological Issues In Eyewitness Identification
DOWNLOAD
Author : Siegfried L. Sporer
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-06-03
Psychological Issues In Eyewitness Identification written by Siegfried L. Sporer and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-03 with Psychology categories.
Why do police officers, investigators, prosecutors, judges, and others with an interest in eliciting accurate memory-based testimony need to inform themselves of the research literature in experimental psychology that addresses the question of witness memory? The answer is straightforward, from the perspective of a simple cost/benefit analysis. As with so many matters in the administration of public funds, effectiveness holds important rewards. Those who investigate crimes and decide which line of investigation to pursue and which line to postpone or set aside, necessarily make judgments about the likely guilt of suspects based on the information at hand. If they can make these judgments with a high degree of accuracy, everyone benefits. For many cases eyewitness identification is an important component of evidence, prosecution, and plea negotiation. If witness identification is correctly implemented, investigators and prosecutors can make their judgments effectively, and focus their resources more efficiently. A major component of effectiveness requires avoiding expending scarce resources on erroneous prosecutions. It is in everyone's interest to make the best use of the memory of witnesses: to preserve it without changing it; to render it maximally accessible; to provide an environment in which witnesses feel free to report their recollections; and to accurately assess the probable validity of the witness's report, regardless of the witness's certainty or doubts about its accuracy. This volume gathers evidence from various research domains on eyewitness testimony. Although many of the studies discussed deal with eyewitness identification, it is noteworthy that many of them also touch upon other areas of concern to eyewitness researchers, including chapters on: *voice recognition by humans and computers, with particularly detailed instructions on conducting voice "lineup," *differential aspects of recognition memory in children, *elderly eyewitness' memory, *problems of cross-racial identification, *psychological aspects of facial image reconstruction techniques, *person descriptions, *particular benefits of reinstating context as a means to improve eyewitness memory, *problems associated with various research paradigms in the eyewitness arena, and *recommendations on how to conduct lineups and photospreads and their proper evaluation. Differentiated from other literature on this topic by its non-technical language and accessibility to non-professionals, this volume covers a great deal of ground, raises a host of questions, settles some others, and points the way to more effective use and evaluation of what eyewitnesses have to say.
Handbook Of Eyewitness Psychology 2 Volume Set
DOWNLOAD
Author : Rod C. L. Lindsay
language : en
Publisher: Psychology Press
Release Date : 2014-05-12
Handbook Of Eyewitness Psychology 2 Volume Set written by Rod C. L. Lindsay and has been published by Psychology Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-05-12 with Psychology categories.
The Handbook of Eyewitness Psychology presents a survey of research and legal opinions from international experts on the rapidly expanding scientific literature addressing the accuracy and limitations of eyewitnesses as a source of evidence for the courts. For the first time, extensive reviews of factors influencing witnesses of all ages – children, adults, and the elderly – are compiled in a single pair of volumes. The disparate research currently being conducted in eyewitness memory in psychology, criminal justice, and legal studies is coherently presented in this work. Volume 1 covers memory for events. Volume 2 cover memory for people.
Evaluating Witness Evidence
DOWNLOAD
Author : Sally M. A. Lloyd-Bostock
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1983-01-27
Evaluating Witness Evidence written by Sally M. A. Lloyd-Bostock and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1983-01-27 with Psychology categories.
SUMMARY:Based on a conference held in Oxford in 1981 under the auspices of the Centre for Socio-Legal Studies of the Social Science Research Council.
Comparing Teaching Aids For How To Evaluate Eyewitness Testimony In A Criminal Case
DOWNLOAD
Author : Nell Pawlenko
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2011
Comparing Teaching Aids For How To Evaluate Eyewitness Testimony In A Criminal Case written by Nell Pawlenko and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011 with Eyewitness identification categories.
Although eyewitness identifications are a common form of evidence presented in criminal trials, analyses of actual cases and studies of mock jurors suggest that people are not skilled at evaluating eyewitness accuracy. Laypeople tend to rely on factors that are not diagnostic of identification accuracy, such as the eyewitness's confidence, and they tend to underestimate factors that are diagnostic of identification accuracy, such as proper interview and lineup procedures. The present study compared the effects of three teaching aids on participants' sensitivity to eyewitness evidence in either a strong or weak eyewitness identification scenario. The interview-identification-eyewitness (I-I-Eye) experimental aid directed participants to first attend to how law enforcement interviewed the eyewitness, second evaluate the identification procedures, and third determine what eyewitness factors during the crime could have impacted the eyewitness's identification accuracy. The Neil v. Biggers control aid presented five criteria that are the current legal standard for evaluating eyewitness evidence. The Jury Duty control aid described aspects of the criminal trial process. The strong and weak transcript scenarios differed on factors relevant to the fairness of the eyewitness interview and the lineup (system variables). Participants were 293 undergraduate students. A 3 (teaching aid) x 2 (trial transcript strength), between-groups factorial design was employed. Participants in the I-I-Eye group rendered significantly more correct verdicts for the strong case and marginally more correct verdicts for the weak case than those in either control group. Importantly, only the I-I-Eye participants demonstrated sensitivity by ruling guilty more often in the strong case (55%) than in the weak case (16%). Thus, the I-I-Eye participants not only learned about eyewitness factors, but were able to integrate this information with other case details so as to reach a correct verdict. Moreover, participants in the I-I-Eye group were more likely to list characteristics of the crime scene (estimator variables) and police procedures (system variables), and less likely to list the lack of forensic evidence in the case, as the reason for their verdict. We discuss how to use the I-I-Eye heuristic to teach laypersons and professionals in the criminal justice system how to evaluate eyewitness evidence.
The Psychology Of Eyewitness Identification
DOWNLOAD
Author : James Michael Lampinen
language : en
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Release Date : 2012-04-27
The Psychology Of Eyewitness Identification written by James Michael Lampinen and has been published by Taylor & Francis this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012-04-27 with Psychology categories.
This volume provides a tutorial review and evaluation of scientific research on the accuracy and reliability of eyewitness identification. The book starts with the perspective that there are a variety of conceptual and empirical problems with eyewitness identification as a form of forensic evidence, just as there are a variety of problems with other forms of forensic evidence. There is then an examination of the important results in the study of eyewitness memory and the implications of this research for psychological theory and for social and legal policy. The volume takes the perspective that research on eyewitness identification can be seen as the paradigmatic example of how psychological science can be successfully applied to real-world problems.
How Can So Many Be Wrong
DOWNLOAD
Author : Margaret A. Hagen
language : en
Publisher: Rowman & Littlefield
Release Date : 2019-04-04
How Can So Many Be Wrong written by Margaret A. Hagen and has been published by Rowman & Littlefield this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-04-04 with Law categories.
Of the 347 U.S. false criminal convictions overturned so far through DNA testing, 73 percent were based on erroneous eyewitness testimony. How could so many eyewitnesses be wrong? This book answers this question. The analysis of the U.S. Supreme Court eyewitness cases shows that most of the Court’s holdings were likely in error. The Court—like the judges and juries in the courts below—greatly overestimated the reliability of eyewitnesses against the defendants and decided their convictions based on unsound evidence. The facts of the cases and personalities of the defendants are engaging and compelling. An expert is needed to inform the judge and the jury of the circumstances to consider when weighing the testimony of the witness against the facts of the case. It is a clear violation of Due Process to deny the defendant the provision of an expert witness in all cases where the eyewitness testimony lacks corroboration. Research assessing both cross-examination and jury instructions makes it abundantly clear that neither can effectively provide courts with the counterintuitive information necessary to evaluate eyewitness reliability: denial of an expert is denial of Due Process.
Mistaken Identification
DOWNLOAD
Author : Brian L. Cutler
language : en
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Release Date : 1995-08-25
Mistaken Identification written by Brian L. Cutler and has been published by Cambridge University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1995-08-25 with Law categories.
Examines traditional safeguards against mistaken eyewitness identification.
Applied Issues In Investigative Interviewing Eyewitness Memory And Credibility Assessment
DOWNLOAD
Author : Barry S. Cooper
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2013-02-01
Applied Issues In Investigative Interviewing Eyewitness Memory And Credibility Assessment written by Barry S. Cooper and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-02-01 with Psychology categories.
Contingent on funding being available, a Festschrift will be held in honor of Dr. John Yuille’s career as a Forensic Psychologist. He has become one of the most visible and respected Canadian psychologists worldwide. In light of his upcoming retirement in December 2006, the Festschrift will recognize Dr. Yuille’s achievements in the areas of eyewitness memory research (i.e., pioneering a new research paradigm that grants better validity), investigative interviewing (i.e., the development and use of the Step Wise Interview Protocol), and credibility assessment (i.e., introducing Statement Validity Analysis to North America). New directions for future work will be explored at the workshop. The focus of this Festschrift will be three-fold: 1. International. Dr. Yuille’s work has influenced law enforcement practices and stimulated research in and outside of Canada. The international and multicultural aspects of the work that Dr. Yuille has inspired will be reflected and promoted by this workshop. 2. Interdisciplinary. Dr. Yuille is internationally known as an expert, consultant and trainer to law enforcement. As such, Dr. Yuille’s work has also influenced other disciplines, e.g., the law, social work, oral history. The participants of this Festschrift will gain insight into other professionals’ perspectives and foster potential collaborations on future projects. 3. Emphasis on applied research. A hallmark of Dr. Yuille’s research has been the application of field and archival methods, which made his work directly applicable to forensically relevant contexts. The potential future directions of applied forensic research will be discussed at this Festschrift. The importance of the subject at this time: - A lack of integrative models in the literatures of eyewitness memory and the assessment of truthfulness and deception. Presenters of the Festschrift have recently developed such models and will discuss them at the Festschrift. Publishing these models and their discussions will spark further research to validate or modify them. - New, pioneering field research based on such integrative models has recently been conducted. This book would be one of the first publications of the results.