Evaluation Of Acid Fracturing Using The Method Of Distributed Volumetric Sources
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Evaluation Of Acid Fracturing Using The Method Of Distributed Volumetric Sources
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Author : Jaehun Lee
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Evaluation Of Acid Fracturing Using The Method Of Distributed Volumetric Sources written by Jaehun Lee and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Acid fracturing stimulation is one of the preferred methods to improve well productivity in carbonate reservoirs. Acid is injected into the fractured zone after a starter fracture is created in the near wellbore area by viscous fluid (pad). This results in propagation of a two-wing crack away from the perforations with simultaneous dissolution etching of the created surfaces. If the created etched surface is non-uniform, then after the treatment ends and the fracture face closes, a high conductivity path may remain in the formation, connected to the well. The important factors controlling the effectiveness of acid fracturing are the etched-fracture penetration and conductivity. In this research, I use the distributed volumetric sources (DVS) method to calculate gas production from a well stimulated by acid fracturing. The novel concept realized in this research is that, during the production process, the conductivity of the acid created fracture changes. I use the Nierode - Kruk correlation to describe this effect as a function of effective closure stress that in turn is determined from the flowing bottomhole pressure and minimum horizontal stress. By combining the well productivity calculation from the DVS method taking into account varying fracture conductivity with gas material balance, I obtain an improved model of gas production. The model is then used to not only forecast production from acid fractured wells but also to evaluate the known production history of such wells. Based on the concepts discussed above, I have developed a program called "Gas Acid" which is useful to optimize acid fracturing treatments and also suitable to infer created fracture parameters from known production history. The "Gas Acid" program has been validated with data from two Saudi Aramco gas wells. It was found that the production forecast obtained from the "Gas Acid" program matches the actual production history with reasonable accuracy and the remaining discrepancy could be resolved by taking into account refinement of the material balance. The refinement became necessary, because the "Gas Acid" program was developed for dry gas but the reservoir fluids in the field examples were classified as retrograde gas and wet gas. When accounting for the additional mass of gas "hidden" in the produced condensate, the match of forecast and actual data was improved considerably.
Evaluation Of Acid Fracturing Based On The Acid Fracture Number Concept
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Author : Abdulwahab Alghamdi
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2006
Evaluation Of Acid Fracturing Based On The Acid Fracture Number Concept written by Abdulwahab Alghamdi and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with categories.
Acid fracturing is one of the preferred methods to stimulate wells in carbonate reservoirs. It consists of injecting an acid solution at high enough pressure to break down the formation and to propagate a two-wing crack away from the wellbore. The acid reacts with the carbonate formation and this causes the etching of the fracture surfaces. After the treatment, the created etched surfaces do not close perfectly and thatl eaves behind a highly conductive path for the hydrocarbons to be produced. We distinguish the issue of treatment sizing (that is the determination of the volume of acid to be injected) and the issue of creating optimum fracture dimensions given the size of the treatment. This is reasonable because the final cost of a treatment is determined mainly by the volume of acid injected and our goal should be to achieve the best performance of the treated well. The well performance depends on the created fracture dimensions and fracture conductivity and might change with time due to various reasons. This research evaluates two field cases from Saudi Aramco where acid fracturing treatment has been used to stimulate a carbonate formation. I investigated the following issues: a) how effective was the treatment to restoring the initial productivity, b) how did the productivity of the well change with time; c) what are the possible reasons for the change in performance, d) what are our options to improve acid fracture design in the future?Based on our research work both near-well liquid drop-out and fracture-conductivitydeterioration can impact the production in different proportion. Moreover, the fracturing model tends to overestimate the fracture conductivity in some cases as shown in SA-2. Also, the "Acid fracture Number" concept proves to be an effective way to evaluate the acid fracturing treatment. Several recommendations were made based on this research work as described in the last part of my thesis.
The Role Of Acidizing In Proppant Fracturing In Carbonate Reservoirs
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Author : Jurairat Densirimongkol
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
The Role Of Acidizing In Proppant Fracturing In Carbonate Reservoirs written by Jurairat Densirimongkol and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with categories.
Today, optimizing well stimulation techniques to obtain maximum return of investment is still a challenge. Hydraulic fracturing is a typical application to improve ultimate recovery from oil and gas reservoirs. Proppant fracturing has become one of the most widely considered alternatives for application in carbonate reservoirs. Especially in areas that have high closure stress, the non-smoothly etched surface created by acid fracturing may not remain open upon closing, resulting in decrease in fracture conductivity and unsuccessful stimulation treatment. In early years, because of the increase in the success of proppant fracturing, proppant partial monolayer has been put forward as a method that helps generate the maximum fracture conductivity from proppant fracturing treatment. However, this method was not widely successful because of proppant crushing and proppant embedment problems that result in losing conductivity. The ability to transport propping agents in available fracturing fluid was also poor and resulted in difficulties and failures to obtain proppant partial monolayer placement. For carbonate formations, acid fracturing is another effective stimulation method. Simpler operation and lower cost made the technique attractive in the field with plenty of successful experiences. The heterogeneity feature of carbonate formation brings a challenge to create sufficient conductivity. In cases of high closure formation, fracture conductivity is hard to sustain. This factor limited the applications of acid fracturing sometimes. In this study, laboratory tests were carried out using low concentrations of ultralightweight proppant to obtain partial monolayer proppant. Because of low specific gravity property of this proppant, it was claimed to help improve proppant transport inside the fracture. In this experimental study, the partial monolayer technique was examined with particular emphasis upon the impact of acid in possibly improving fracture conductivity of carbonate rocks. The technique is referred as "closed fracture acidizing". After obtaining a partial monolayer distribution on the fracture face, gelled acid was injected through the fracture face. Fracture conductivity before and after acid injection were evaluated. Experimental results showed clearly that acid injection does not enhance fracture conductivity of partial monolayer proppant fracturing. The more the volume of acid injection, the more rapidly fracture conductivity declines.
Proceedings Of The International Field Exploration And Development Conference 2019
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Author : Jia'en Lin
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2020-06-15
Proceedings Of The International Field Exploration And Development Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-06-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book gathers selected papers from the 8th International Field Exploration and Development Conference (IFEDC 2019) and addresses a broad range of topics, including: Low Permeability Reservoir, Unconventional Tight & Shale Oil Reservoir, Unconventional Heavy Oil and Coal Bed Gas, Digital and Intelligent Oilfield, Reservoir Dynamic Analysis, Oil and Gas Reservoir Surveillance and Management, Oil and Gas Reservoir Evaluation and Modeling, Drilling and Production Operation, Enhancement of Recovery, Oil and Gas Reservoir Exploration. The conference not only provided a platform to exchange experiences, but also promoted the advancement of scientific research in oil & gas exploration and production. The book is chiefly intended for industry experts, professors, researchers, senior engineers, and enterprise managers.
Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals And Fluids Technology
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Author : Johannes Fink
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2013-08-14
Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals And Fluids Technology written by Johannes Fink and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2013-08-14 with Technology & Engineering categories.
When classifying fracturing fluids and their additives, it is important that production, operation, and completion engineers understand which chemical should be utilized in different well environments. A user's guide to the many chemicals and chemical additives used in hydraulic fracturing operations, Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals and Fluids Technology provides an easy-to-use manual to create fluid formulations that will meet project-specific needs while protecting the environment and the life of the well. Fink creates a concise and comprehensive reference that enables the engineer to logically select and use the appropriate chemicals on any hydraulic fracturing job. The first book devoted entirely to hydraulic fracturing chemicals, Fink eliminates the guesswork so the engineer can select the best chemicals needed on the job while providing the best protection for the well, workers and environment. Pinpoints the specific compounds used in any given fracturing operation Provides a systematic approach to classifying fracturing fluid technology to meet specific project needs Eliminates guesswork with easy-to-understand language on selection and components of hydraulic fracturing chemicals Addresses environmental aspects of chemicals to safeguard employees and protect the environment
Re Exploration Programs For Petroleum Rich Sags In Rift Basins
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Author : Xianzheng Zhao
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2018-08-15
Re Exploration Programs For Petroleum Rich Sags In Rift Basins written by Xianzheng Zhao and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-08-15 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Re-exploration Programs for Petroleum-Rich Sags in Rift Basins covers the geological characteristics and potential of oil-rich depressions in a rifted basin. It describes up-to-date research and technology, detailing the current status of exploration. The overall aim of the book is to guide a new round of hydrocarbon exploration of petroleum-rich depressions, contributing to breakthroughs in re-exploration and a substantial increase in reserves. Chapters discuss the reservoir forming theory of oil-rich depressions, characters of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation in a weak structure slope, key elements of reservoir forming of deep buried hills and inner curtains, and more. Other topics covered include complex subtle reservoir recognition techniques, deep layer and buried hill high speed drill technology, recognition of buried hill reservoir and hydrocarbon, high efficiency enhanced oil recovery, and finally, methods of secondary exploration of oil-rich depressions and the development of a workflow to guide research and exploration. Provides up-to date knowledge and expertise on the geological characteristics and potential of oil-rich depressions in a rifted basin Based on a decade of experience, program deployment, and geological theory on continental basin exploration Gives practical guidance for exploiting green and brown fields Helps the reader understand how to increase reserves and production Ideal as a guidebook for sustainable large-scale exploration and exploitation of a continental rifted basin
Petroleum Abstracts
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1993
Petroleum Abstracts written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1993 with Petroleum categories.
Technical Guidance For Petroleum Exploration And Production Plans
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Author : Tarek Al-Arbi Omar Ganat
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2020-03-31
Technical Guidance For Petroleum Exploration And Production Plans written by Tarek Al-Arbi Omar Ganat and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-03-31 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents detailed explanations of how to formulate field development plans for oil and gas discovery. The data and case studies provided here, obtained from the authors’ field experience in the oil and gas industry around the globe, offer a real-world context for the theories and procedures discussed. The book covers all aspects of field development plan processes, from reserve estimations to economic analyses. It shows readers in both the oil and gas industry and in academia how to prepare field development plans in a straightforward way, and with substantially less uncertainty.
Advanced Well Completion Engineering
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Author : Renpu Wan
language : en
Publisher: Gulf Professional Publishing
Release Date : 2011-08-23
Advanced Well Completion Engineering written by Renpu Wan and has been published by Gulf Professional Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2011-08-23 with Science categories.
Once a natural gas or oil well is drilled, and it has been verified that commercially viable, it must be "completed" to allow for the flow of petroleum or natural gas out of the formation and up to the surface. This process includes: casing, pressure and temperature evaluation, and the proper instillation of equipment to ensure an efficient flow out of the well. In recent years, these processes have been greatly enhanced by new technologies. Advanced Well Completion Engineering summarizes and explains these advances while providing expert advice for deploying these new breakthrough engineering systems. The book has two themes: one, the idea of preventing damage, and preventing formation from drilling into an oil formation to putting the well introduction stage; and two, the utilization of nodal system analysis method, which optimizes the pressure distribution from reservoir to well head, and plays the sensitivity analysis to design the tubing diameters first and then the production casing size, so as to achieve whole system optimization. With this book, drilling and production engineers should be able to improve operational efficiency by applying the latest state of the art technology in all facets of well completion during development drilling-completion and work over operations. One of the only books devoted to the key technologies for all major aspects of advanced well completion activities. Unique coverage of all aspects of well completion activities based on 25 years in the exploration, production and completion industry. Matchless in-depth technical advice for achieving operational excellence with advance solutions.
Proceedings Of The International Petroleum And Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019
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Author : Jia'en Lin
language : en
Publisher: Springer Nature
Release Date : 2019-12-16
Proceedings Of The International Petroleum And Petrochemical Technology Conference 2019 written by Jia'en Lin and has been published by Springer Nature this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019-12-16 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book is a compilation of selected papers from the 3rd International Petroleum and Petrochemical Technology Conference (IPPTC 2019). The work focuses on petroleum & petrochemical technologies and practical challenges in the field. It creates a platform to bridge the knowledge gap between China and the world. The conference not only provides a platform to exchanges experience but also promotes the development of scientific research in petroleum & petrochemical technologies. The book will benefit a broad readership, including industry experts, researchers, educators, senior engineers and managers.