Evaluation Of Biodiesel From Used Cooking Sunflower Oil As Substitute Fuel
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Evaluation Of Biodiesel From Used Cooking Sunflower Oil As Substitute Fuel
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Author : Christoffel Bernadus Steyn
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2010
Evaluation Of Biodiesel From Used Cooking Sunflower Oil As Substitute Fuel written by Christoffel Bernadus Steyn and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2010 with Biodiesel fuels categories.
This study evaluates the use of biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines. The fuel properties, performance, emission characteristics and combustion characteristics of a four-stroke, four-cylinder water cooled, high speed direct injection (DI) diesel engine operated on biodiesel, 30% biodiesel and 70% biodiesel blended fuels were measured. Results related to the direct use of biodiesel as a diesel engine fuel indicate that this is possible but not preferable because of its high viscosity and cetane number. Biodiesel could be used in the blends with diesel fuel, because most of the measured properties of the biodiesel-diesel blended fuels were close to those of the diesel fuel. It was found that the performance parameters of the biodiesel-diesel blended fuels did not differ greatly from those of diesel fuel. A slight power decrease, with an increase in brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), was noticed with the blend fuels. Smoke emissions were reduced for the blends while NOx was increased remarkably for the biodiesel-blended fuels. The test results demonstrated that the combustion carbon deposits (CCD) of biodiesel are a little less than that of the diesel fuel. The peak combustion pressure of the B70 blended fuel was found to be the highest amongst the four tested fuels. It is consequently argued that biodiesel appears to offer a potential alternative "greener" energy substitute for fossil fuel.
A Comparative Evaluation Of Biodiesel And Used Cooking Oil As Feedstock For Hdrd Application
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Author : Josiah Pelemo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2019
A Comparative Evaluation Of Biodiesel And Used Cooking Oil As Feedstock For Hdrd Application written by Josiah Pelemo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2019 with Electronic books categories.
The search for clean energy for transportation fuel across the globe has grown in intensity. The use of biodiesel as a fuel for compression ignition (CI) engines has shown some deficiencies, e.g., poor storage, and poor pour point. The carbon chain of biodiesel is one of the factors to be considered; the longer carbon chain length leads to decreased ignition delay, which leads to the formation of OH during the premixed combustion phase. The major challenges that render biodiesel inefficient are discussed, like higher viscosity, lower energy content, higher nitrogen oxide (NOX) emissions, lower engine speed and power, injector coking, engine compatibility, high cost, and higher engine wear. The novelty of this work is that it shows that biodiesel conversion to green diesel is possible using a biowaste heterogeneous catalyst to obtain quality and high yield of HDRD with lower cost. This renewable energy (HDRD) possesses properties that are directly compatible with CI engines and transportation engines. This research reviewed biodiesel and UCO as feedstocks for the production of HDRD, including the cost,Äìbenefit of these feedstocks. Hydrogenation of biodiesel has the potential to overcome the drawbacks of conventional chemically catalyzed processes.
Renewable Energy And Its Innovative Technologies
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Author : Jayeeta Chattopadhyay
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-10-10
Renewable Energy And Its Innovative Technologies written by Jayeeta Chattopadhyay and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-10-10 with Technology & Engineering categories.
The book features innovative scientific research by scientists, academicians and students, presented at the International Conference on Energy, Materials and Information Technology, 2017 at Amity University Jharkhand, India. Covering all the promising renewable energies and their related technologies, such as wind, solar and biomass energy, it compiles current important scientific research in this field and addresses how it can be applied in an interdisciplinary manner. The selected conference papers provide important data and parameters for utilizing the main potential renewable energies, and allowing an economic and environmental assessment. The book is a valuable resource for all those who are interested in the physical and technical principles of promising ways to utilize various renewable energies.
Biodiesel
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Author : Meisam Tabatabaei
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-11-02
Biodiesel written by Meisam Tabatabaei and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-11-02 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This book presents in-depth information on the state of the art of global biodiesel production and investigates its impact on climate change. Subsequently, it comprehensively discusses biodiesel production in terms of production systems (reactor technologies) as well as biodiesel purification and upgrading technologies. Moreover, the book reviews essential parameters in biodiesel production systems as well as major principles of operation, process control, and trouble-shooting in these systems. Conventional and emerging applications of biodiesel by-products with a view to further economize biodiesel production are also scrutinized. Separate chapters are dedicated to economic risk analysis and critical comparison of biodiesel production systems as well as techno-economical aspects of biodiesel plants. The book also thoroughly investigates the important aspects of biodiesel production and combustion by taking advantage of advanced sustainability analysis tools including life cycle assessment (LCA) and exergy techniques. In closing, the application of Omics technologies in biodiesel production is presented and discussed. This book is relevant to anyone with an interest in renewable, more sustainable fuel and energy solutions.
Evaluating Transesterified Waste Vegetable Oil For Use As Fuel
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Author : Raphael Nyayieka
language : en
Publisher: LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
Release Date : 2014-06-04
Evaluating Transesterified Waste Vegetable Oil For Use As Fuel written by Raphael Nyayieka and has been published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2014-06-04 with categories.
This book is a comparative study of the evaluated biodiesel derived from waste vegetable oil and fossil diesel fuel in the running of diesel engine. The main objective of the research project was to add value to waste vegetable oil by converting to biodiesel for use as diesel fuel supplement and help reduce the cost of petroleum based fuel which is fast depleting. Biodiesel fuel was evaluated on the short-term performance of the selected diesel engine. The operating conditions for the modified reactor were 60L vegetable oil, 10L methanol at a temperature of 65-68 degrees centigrade. The time of reaction was 3hours. The catalyst used was 250g anhydrous Sodium hydroxide. The diesel engine operating combustion conditions were obtained at engine speed rating of 1750 rpm for both fossil diesel and waste vegetable oil derived biodiesel. The average fuel consumption was 0.3396 kg/KWh for fossil diesel fuel and 0.3804 kg/KWh for biodiesel respectively. There was no significant difference in the variation of fuel consumption and thermal efficiency for both fossil and biodiesel fuels.
Proceedings Of The 4th International Congress Of Automotive And Transport Engineering Amma 2018
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Author : Nicolae Burnete
language : en
Publisher: Springer
Release Date : 2018-09-29
Proceedings Of The 4th International Congress Of Automotive And Transport Engineering Amma 2018 written by Nicolae Burnete and has been published by Springer this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-29 with Technology & Engineering categories.
This volume includes selected and reviewed papers from the 4th International Congress of Automotive and Transport Engineering, held in Cluj, Romania, in September 2018. Authors are experts from research, industry and universities coming from 14 countries worldwide. The papers are covering the latest developments in automotive vehicles and environment, advanced transport systems and road traffic, heavy and special vehicles, new materials, manufacturing technologies and logistics, accident research and analysis and innovative solutions for automotive vehicles. The conference is organized by SIAR (Society of Automotive Engineers from Romania) in cooperation with FISITA.
Fuel Quality Assessment Of Ethyl Esters Produced From Vegetable Oils And Their Blends With Petroleum Diesel
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Author : G. Anastopoulos
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2012
Fuel Quality Assessment Of Ethyl Esters Produced From Vegetable Oils And Their Blends With Petroleum Diesel written by G. Anastopoulos and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2012 with Analyse comparative categories.
Ethanolysis of four different vegetable oils (sunflower, soybean, cotton seed, and used frying oil) was studied using sodium ethoxide as a catalyst. The ester preparation involved a two-step transesterification reaction, followed by purification. The effects of the mass ratio of catalyst to oil, the molar ratio of ethanol to oil, and the reaction temperature were studied on conversion of sunflower oil to optimize the reaction conditions in both stages. The rest of the vegetable oils were converted to ethyl esters under optimum reaction parameters. Ethyl esters of four different types of vegetable oils were blended with the diesel fuel at 2 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 20 %, on a volume basis. The experimental results showed that the densities and viscosities of the blends increased with the increase of biodiesel concentration in the fuel blend. Cold flow properties were negatively affected as ethyl ester content was increasing. Distillation characteristics and cetane indexes were not significantly altered. These results are promising, and ethyl esters can be seen as a viable fully renewable alternative to petroleum diesel.
The Biodiesel Handbook
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Author : Jurgen Krahl
language : en
Publisher: AOCS Publishing
Release Date : 2005
The Biodiesel Handbook written by Jurgen Krahl and has been published by AOCS Publishing this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Science categories.
Introduction: what is biodiesel?; The history of vegetable oil-based diesel fuels; The basics of diesel engines and diesel fuel; Basics of the transesterification reaction; Alternate feedstocks and technologies for biodiesel production; Analytical methods for biodiesel; Cetane numbers-heat of combustion-why vegetable oils and their derivatives are suitable as a diesel fuel; Viscosity of biodiesel; Cold weather properties and performance of biodiesel; Oxidative stability of biodiesel; Literature overview; Stability of biodiesel; Biodiesel lubricity; Biodiesel fuels; biodegradability, biological and chemical oxygen demand, and toxicity; Soybean oil composition for biodiesel; Effect of biodiesel fuel on pollutant emissions from diesel engines; Influence of biodiesel and different petrodiesel fuels on exhaust emissions and health effects; Current status of biodiesel in the United States; Current status of biodiesel in the European Union; Biodiesel quality management: the AGQM story; Status of biodiesel in Asia, the Americas, Australia and South Africa; Environmental implications of biodiesel (life-cycle assessment); Potential production of biodiesel; Other uses of biodiesel; Other alternative diesel fuels from vegetable oils; Glycerol.
Assessment Of The Potential Of Methyl Ester Production From Non Edible Oils
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Author : Venu Gopal
language : en
Publisher: GRIN Verlag
Release Date : 2018-09-12
Assessment Of The Potential Of Methyl Ester Production From Non Edible Oils written by Venu Gopal and has been published by GRIN Verlag this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2018-09-12 with Nature categories.
Doctoral Thesis / Dissertation from the year 2017 in the subject Environmental Sciences, grade: A, Andhra University (College of engineering), language: English, abstract: Biodiesel as an alternative fuel for diesel engines is becoming increasingly important due to diminishing petroleum reserves and the environmental consequences of exhaust gases from petroleum-fueled engines. Biodiesel, which is made from renewable sources, consists of the simple alkyl esters of fatty acids. As a future prospective fuel, biodiesel has to compete economically with petroleum diesel fuels. A two-step transesterification process (Sequential esterification and transesterification process) was used to prepare methyl ester (biodiesel) from high free fatty acid (FFA) content oils. For the yield of high FFA, two-step acid-base catalyzed method has been developed which consists of acid-catalyzed pretreatment/esterification step to reduce the FFA to less than 1% using H2SO4 as an acid catalyst and transesterification of pretreated oil to biodiesel using alkali catalyst. In the present study, the main focus is being placed to explore the non-edible oil resources like Used Cooking Oil (UCO), Cottonseed oil, Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, Neem(Azadirachta indica) oil as a potential source for biodiesel. Experimental results from enzyme (lipase) catalyzed method for selected oils using influencing parameters such as reaction time and catalyst weight, experimental results from acid-alkaline catalyzed methods using common influencing parameters such as methanol to oil molar ratio, catalyst weight, reaction temperature and reaction time for above-mentioned oils were compared using batch mode. Methyl ester (biodiesel) yield range of 66.20-71.6% was attained for an enzyme-catalyzed method, whereas for acid-alkaline the yield range was 84.4-91.6%. This gives the indication of further refinement in the enzyme-catalyzed transesterification process. However, enzyme-catalyzed biodiesel production has some limitations especially when implemented in industrial scale because of the high cost of enzyme, low reaction rate and enzyme deactivation. As the catalyst, an enzyme is restricted to rigorous reaction condition and the activity loss of lipase. The influencing parameters and absolute results of the analysis give the impression of the superiority of acid-alkaline transesterification method for methyl ester production. In this study, we have selected Used Cooking Oil Methyl Ester (UCOME) and Jatropha Methyl Ester (JME) among the methyl esters of four oils.
Biodiesel
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Author : Ayhan Demirbas
language : en
Publisher: Springer Science & Business Media
Release Date : 2007-12-20
Biodiesel written by Ayhan Demirbas and has been published by Springer Science & Business Media this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2007-12-20 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Biodiesel: A Realistic Fuel Alternative for Diesel Engines describes the production and characterization of biodiesel. The book also presents current experimental research work in the field, including techniques to reduce biodiesel’s high viscosity. Researchers in renewable energy, as well as fuel engineers, will discover a myriad of new ideas and promising possibilities.