Evaluation Of Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures Using Superpave Technology
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Evaluation Of Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures Using Superpave Technology
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Author : William Marty McNamara
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Evaluation Of Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures Using Superpave Technology written by William Marty McNamara and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with Pavements, Asphalt concrete categories.
Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures
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Author :
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1999
Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures written by and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1999 with categories.
Progress Of Superpave Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement
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Author : Robert N. Jester
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 1997
Progress Of Superpave Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement written by Robert N. Jester and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1997 with Asphalt categories.
A major result of the research conducted under the Strategic Highway Research Program from 1987 to 1993 was the development of the Superpave (Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement) system for the comprehensive design of asphalt pavements. These 14 contributions describe the experience to date in the
Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Dense Graded Mixes Using Asphalt Pavement Analyzer
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Author : Jesús A. Sandoval-Gil
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2004
Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Dense Graded Mixes Using Asphalt Pavement Analyzer written by Jesús A. Sandoval-Gil and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2004 with Asphalt categories.
The Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) device was used to characterize the impact of various mix factors on the development of permanent deformation in dense-graded mixes given a standard compactive effort. Factors included two aggregate sizes, three VMA levels, two fines contents, three binder contents and four binder types. All specimens received the same compactive effort (100 gyrations) using the Superpave Gyratory Compactor (SGC). For some tests, testing temperatures followed the standard APA test protocol (64C) and for some others, the test temperature was set at the high temperature of standard performance asphalt binder grade (e.g. 70C for a PG 70-22 asphalt binder). Statistical results showed that increased binder content increased permanent deformation in the 19.0 mm dense graded mixes prepared with the PG 64-22 binder irrespective of the other mix parameters. These effects were not noted in the mixes prepared with PG 70-22 and PG 76-22 binders, when tested at 64C. However, the same effect was noted when mixes prepared with PG 70-22, PG 70-22 Modified and PG 76-22 binders were tested at the high temperature of standard performance asphalt binder grade. All mixes prepared with the stiffer binders showed very low permanent deformation when tested at the standard 64C regardless of the value of the other mix parameters. The statistical analysis of permanent deformation provides evidence that the mixes prepared with the PG 76-22 and PG 70-22 Modified binders perform better than mixes prepared with the PG 70-22 and the PG 64-22 binders. The effect of VMA on permanent deformation depends on the maximum aggregate size used, test temperature, binder type and the fines content. It was not possible to separate these interaction effects. The results of this study suggest that the APA is relatively insensitive to changes in mix properties within the range of variables studied, when using the standard APA test temperature (64C). However, the APA device is sensitive when the test temperature matches the high temperature of the standard performance binder grade (e.g. 70C for a PG 70-22 binder). Based on the results of this study, it appears that the APA can be used to indicate the rut resistance of a mixture. Although some of the mix factors have an interactive effect in the mixes, the APA has a potential to predict the relative rutting of the hot mix asphalt mixes even when polymer modified mixes are used, provided that testing is conducted at the appropriate test temperature.
Performance Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Including Fundamental And Empirical Procedures
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Author : Louay Nadhim Mohammad
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 2006
Performance Tests For Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Including Fundamental And Empirical Procedures written by Louay Nadhim Mohammad and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2006 with Anisotropy categories.
Aggregate Contribution To Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Performance
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Author : Thomas D. White
language : en
Publisher: ASTM International
Release Date : 2001
Aggregate Contribution To Hot Mix Asphalt Hma Performance written by Thomas D. White and has been published by ASTM International this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2001 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Containing 13 papers from the December 2000 conference in Orlando, Florida, this book covers the use of the PURWheel laboratory tracking device, the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer, the identification of aggregate role, the evaluation of sensitivity, fine aggregate angularity, guidelines for the selection
Aggregate Properties And The Performance Of Superpave Designed Hot Mix Asphalt
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Author : Brian D. Prowell
language : en
Publisher: Transportation Research Board
Release Date : 2005
Aggregate Properties And The Performance Of Superpave Designed Hot Mix Asphalt written by Brian D. Prowell and has been published by Transportation Research Board this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2005 with Technology & Engineering categories.
Correlating Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Hot Mix Asphalt With Aggregate Geometric Irregularities
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Author : C-Y Kuo
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Correlating Permanent Deformation Characteristics Of Hot Mix Asphalt With Aggregate Geometric Irregularities written by C-Y Kuo and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Hot mix asphalt categories.
Regression analyses were performed to study the correlation between the permanent deformation characteristics of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures and their aggregate geometric irregularities. Permanent deformation of HMA mixtures was characterized by permanent strain, creep modulus, and slope of the creep curve from unconfined repeated load deformation tests. The fine aggregate angularity (FAA) test was used to characterize fine aggregates while coarse aggregates were characterized with either the particle index (PI) test, the modified National Aggregate Association flow test (modified NAA), or image analysis. Regression analyses indicate strong correlation between the permanent deformation characteristics of HMA mixtures and the aggregate geometric irregularities. Use of imaging indices for characterizing coarse aggregates gives better coefficients of determination than do other coarse aggregate characteristics such as PI and modified NAA. The imaging indices have major potential in evaluating aggregate geometric irregularities for engineering analysis.
Performance Characteristics Comparisons Of Various Asphalt Mixture Technologies
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Author : Feipeng Xiao
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015
Performance Characteristics Comparisons Of Various Asphalt Mixture Technologies written by Feipeng Xiao and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015 with Fatigue life categories.
A laboratory investigation was carried out to study the effects of various compaction technologies on moisture susceptibility, rutting resistance, and fatigue characteristics of various asphalt mixtures. The methodologies used in this study included three technologies such as common hot mix asphalt (HMA), warm mix (WMA), and half-warm mix asphalt (HWMA) technologies. In addition, in terms of WMA and HWMA mixtures, a foaming technology was used to produce the samples. The experimental design for WMA and HWMA included one aggregate moisture contents (~0.5 % by weight of the dry mass of the aggregate), three lime contents (0 %, 1 % and 2 % lime by weight of dry aggregate), and 2 % foaming water content. For HMA, 1 % lime content and completely dried aggregate were used. Three aggregate sources (designated as A, B, and C) and one PG 64-22 binder were used in this study. A total of 9 Superpave mix designs and 21 mixtures were completed. A total of 84 indirect tensile strength (ITS) samples, 126 asphalt pavement analyzer (APA) samples, and 30 fatigue beams were tested in this research. The major properties such as gyration number, ITS, tensile strength ratio (TSR), rut depth, deformation, toughness, as well as fatigue life were measured and computed for all mixtures. The test results indicated that various compaction technologies would slightly affect the Superpave mix design and obviously have an influence on gyration number, ITS values, rut depth, flow, toughness, and fatigue life of various mixtures regardless of aggregate source and lime content. In addition, the aggregate source significantly affected the ITS and rutting resistance in this study.
Permanent Deformation Properties Of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures
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Author : Rabbira Garba
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2002
Permanent Deformation Properties Of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures written by Rabbira Garba and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2002 with Asphalt concrete categories.
Rutting is recognized to be the major distress mechanism in flexible pavements as a result of increase in tire pressures and axle loads. Rutting is caused by the accumulation of permanent deformation in all or some of the layers in the pavement structure. The accumulation of permanent deformation in the asphalt surfacing layer is now recognized to be the major component of rutting in flexible pavements. This is a consequence of increased tire pressures and axle loads, which subjects the asphalt surfacing layer nearest to the tire-pavement contact area to increased stresses. Thus the study of permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures has become the focus of research, which aim to mitigate or reduce rutting in flexible pavements. The research work reported in this thesis aims to contribute towards understanding of the material properties and factors affecting permanent deformation in asphalt mixtures, mechanisms of the permanent deformation, and methods of its prediction. The specific objectives of this research work include; review and evaluation of available models for permanent deformation of asphalt concrete mixtures, investigation of the effect of volumetric composition, loading and temperature conditions on the permanent deformation of asphalt concrete, and the identification and definition of simple measures of resistance to permanent deformation. To meet the objectives of the study a laboratory investigation is conducted on several asphalt concrete specimens with varying volumetric composition. Two testing procedures are adopted; the repeated load triaxial and triaxial creep and recovery tests. The tests were conducted at two temperature levels of 25 and 50oC under varying stress conditions. A review of literature on factors affecting permanent deformation and available models for prediction of the permanent deformation is also conducted. The literature review indicated that most of the research work done so far concentrated on evaluation of the effect on permanent deformation response of component material properties such as aggregate gradation, aggregate angularity and binder type (or grade). Most of the studies conducted on permanent deformation properties of asphalt mixtures were also found to be based on different testing procedures and methods of evaluation, which makes it difficult to compare them and draw firm conclusions. The literature also indicated that, as yet, there is no comprehensive model for deformation of asphalt concrete. Results of tests conducted in this study are analysed to investigate the effect of volumetric composition, particularly binder content and void content, and loading conditions on the permanent deformation response of the mixture. Both the binder content and void content are found to significantly influence the permanent deformation characteristics. The effect of loading conditions, i.e., the confining stress and the deviatoric stress, is also found to be significant. Throughout this study emphasis is placed on methods and parameters that are used to evaluate mixtures for their resistance to permanent deformation. The traditionally used parameters such as the slope and intercept of the power model are evaluated for their sensitivities to changes in volumetric composition. This evaluation is based on the premises that any measure of resistance to permanent deformation should be sensitive to changes in volumetric composition to be good enough. It is found that most of these parameters are not sensitive to changes in volumetric composition and therefore are not suitable for comparison of mixtures made from the same materials but with varying proportion of the components. Permanent deformation in asphalt concrete is caused by both densification and shear deformation. The mode of deformation in asphalt concrete pavements, for greater part of their service life, is considered to be the shear deformation. Therefore it is necessary to evaluate mixtures for their susceptibility to shear deformation. The shear deformation manifests itself in the form of large lateral deformation relative to axial deformation. It is found that one dimensional analysis, which does not take the lateral deformation into account may lead to misleading results regarding the resistance to permanent deformation of mixtures. Therefore parameters which include volumetric and lateral strain are proposed for use in evaluation of mixtures. Substantial effort is put into modelling the accumulation of permanent deformation under repeated loading. For this purpose two approaches were selected: the cyclic hardening model based on bounding surface plasticity concept and an elasto-viscoplastic model based on strain decomposition approach. The bounding surface plasticity approach is found to be a convenient method to model the accumulation of permanent deformation. It is demonstrated that deformations calculated using cyclic hardening model based on bounding surface plasticity fits the measured deformation quite well. The elasto-viscoplastic model, which is based on strain decomposition approach, provides a suitable method for analysis of creep and recovery test results. Deformations calculated using this model also fit the measured deformation quite well. Finally a new composite measure of resistance to permanent deformation is developed. The resistance index is based on strain decomposition approach and is simple to calculate. The index incorporates a parameter related to shear susceptibility of mixtures and is sensitive to changes in volumetric composition. It is believed that this index can be used to compare and select mixtures at mixture design stage. If its applicability to other materials is proved by further research, it can also be linked to performance related specifications, as a simple measure of performance with regard to rutting.