Exempting The Churches
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Exempting The Churches
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Author : Jr. James F. Morton
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-08-15
Exempting The Churches written by Jr. James F. Morton and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-15 with Fiction categories.
Reproduction of the original: Exempting the Churches by Jr. James F. Morton
Exempting The Churches
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Author : James Ferdinand Morton
language : en
Publisher: New York, The Truth seeker Company
Release Date : 1916
Exempting The Churches written by James Ferdinand Morton and has been published by New York, The Truth seeker Company this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1916 with Church property categories.
Exempting The Churches
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Author : James F. Morton
language : en
Publisher: Good Press
Release Date : 2021-04-26
Exempting The Churches written by James F. Morton and has been published by Good Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2021-04-26 with Fiction categories.
In this work, James F. Morton, an anarchist writer and political activist of the 1900s, advocated for taxing churches. He stated that the taxation of church property was demanded by every consideration of sound public policy, common sense, democracy, and justice.
Exempting The Churches An Argument For The Abolition Of This Unjust And Unconstitutional Practice
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Author : James F. Morton. Jr.
language : en
Publisher: Library of Alexandria
Release Date :
Exempting The Churches An Argument For The Abolition Of This Unjust And Unconstitutional Practice written by James F. Morton. Jr. and has been published by Library of Alexandria this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on with Fiction categories.
Exempting The Churches Classic Reprint
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Author : James F. Morton
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2015-07-12
Exempting The Churches Classic Reprint written by James F. Morton and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-07-12 with Political Science categories.
Excerpt from Exempting the Churches An Argument for the Abolition of This Unjust and Unconstitutional Practice. The history of the democratic spirit, from its first inception to the present day, is that of a ceaseless struggle with special privilege. The principle of caste, in its numerous manifestations, is constantly at war with the rights of man. After centuries of incessant conflict, the advance of democracy is beyond all question; and its ultimate triumph can be denied only by those who hold that progress is destined to cease and civilization to decay. It has become evident that what is democratic is good and beneficial to mankind, that what is undemocratic is evil and harmful to the human race. Kings, kaisers, emperors, czars, hereditary aristocracies and oligarchies of every kind, however necessary or useful factors they may have been in certain early stages of the transition from barbarism to civilization, are now recognizable as drags on the chariot wheel of progress. The world has begun to rid itself of all these anachronisms; and the day of their entire and permanent disappearance can now be foreseen in the not extremely distant future. Complete autocracies have practically ceased to exist. Monarchy by divine right is recognized for the monstrous lie which it always was; and the few atavistic survivals who continue to mouth that once revered phrase are abhorred, pitied or despised by all sane men and women. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Taxing The Church
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Author : Edward A. Zelinsky
language : en
Publisher: Oxford University Press
Release Date : 2017-09-27
Taxing The Church written by Edward A. Zelinsky and has been published by Oxford University Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017-09-27 with Law categories.
This book explores the taxation and exemption of churches and other religious institutions, both empirically and normatively. This exploration reveals that churches and other religious institutions are treated diversely by the federal and state tax systems. Sectarian institutions pay more tax than many believe. In important respects, the states differ among themselves in their respective approaches to the taxation of sectarian entities. Either taxing or exempting churches and other sectarian entities entangles church and state. The taxes to which churches are more frequently subject - federal Social Security and Medicare taxes, sales taxes, real estate conveyance taxes - fall on the less entangling end of the spectrum. The taxes from which religious institutions are exempt - general income taxes, value-based property taxes, unemployment taxes - are typically taxes with the greatest potential for church-state enforcement entanglement. It is unpersuasive to reflexively denounce the tax exemption of religious actors and institutions as a subsidy. Tax exemption can implement the secular, non-subsidizing goal of minimizing church-state enforcement entanglement and thus be regarded as part of a normative tax base. Taxing the church or exempting the church involves often difficult trade-offs among competing and legitimate values. On balance, our federal system of decentralized legislation reasonably make these legal and tax policy trade-offs, though there is room for improvement in particular settings such as the protection of internal church communications and the expansion of the churches' sales tax liabilities.
The Question Of Tax Exemption For Churches
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Author : Andrew D. Tanner
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 1963
The Question Of Tax Exemption For Churches written by Andrew D. Tanner and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 1963 with Church and state categories.
Whether Piety Or Charity
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Author : John Witte
language : en
Publisher:
Release Date : 2017
Whether Piety Or Charity written by John Witte and has been published by this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2017 with categories.
The law governing tax exemption of church property illustrates the problem of classifying institutions and activities of the independent sector along religious lines. The “independent sector” is comprised of a variety of institutions, like families, schools, charities, churches, corporations, clubs, and others. Religion assumes a variety of forms and functions within these institutions, ranging from the incidental to the indispensable. The law, however, requires that sharp distinctions be drawn between “religious” and “non-religious” institutions and activities. Such distinctions are required by state statutory law. Historically, two separate bodies of state law governed tax exemption of church property: (1) a body of common law, which accorded such exemptions to church properties based upon the religious uses to which they were devoted, and (2) a body of equity law, which accorded such exemptions to church properties based upon the charitable uses to which they were devoted. Currently, only one body of state statutory law governs such exemptions, yet exemptions remain based on either the religious uses or the charitable uses of a property. State officials are thus required to distinguish between piety and charity, religion and benevolence, to determine whether and on what basis a petitioner's property can be exempted from taxation. Such distinctions are also required by federal constitutional law. The Constitution of the United States permits government regulations of various non-religious institutions and activities, provided such regulations comply with generally applicable constitutional values. It permits governmental regulation of religious groups and activities, only if they comply with the specific mandates of the establishment and free exercise clauses of the first amendment. State tax exemptions for religious institutions and religious uses of property, therefore, require separate constitutional treatment. The religion clauses of the first amendment, as currently interpreted, appear to offer conflicting directives on tax status of church property. The establishment clause has been interpreted to forbid government from imparting special benefits to religious groups. The free exercise clause has been interpreted to forbid government from imposing special burdens on religious groups. The free exercise clause has been interpreted to forbid government from imposing special burdens on religious groups. Neither the exemption nor the taxation of church property appears to satisfy the principles of both clauses. To exempt church property, while taxing that of other non-religious groups, appear to violate the “no special benefit” principle of the establishment clause. To tax church property, while taxing that of other non-religious groups, appears to violate the “no special burden” principle of the free exercise clause. To tax church property, while exempting that of other charitable groups, appears to violate the “no special burden” principle of the free exercise clause. In Walz v. Tax Commission (1970), the United States Supreme Court held that tax exemptions of church property, while neither proscribed by the establishment clause nor prescribed by the free exercise clause, are constitutionally permissible. In more recent cases involving federal income taxation and state sale and use taxation, however, the Court has called this precedent into serious question. This Article retraces the history of tax exemption of church property in America and analyzes current patterns of tax exemption litigation and legislation in light of this history. Part I analyses the common law and equity law sources of tax exemption law, the challenge posed to these laws by early state constitutional provisions, and the rise of the modern theory and law of tax exemption of church property that emerged in response to these challenges. Part II analyzes briefly new trends in litigation over the tax exemption of church property, particularly in cases raised by new religious groups, which have sought to avail themselves of the same protections enjoyed by traditional religious groups. Part III poses an alternative to the current reforms of tax exemption law now being debated and analyzes this alternative provisionally in light of historical exemption laws and current constitutional interpretations.
Exempting The Churches
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Author : James Ferdinand Morton
language : en
Publisher: Palala Press
Release Date : 2015-09-02
Exempting The Churches written by James Ferdinand Morton and has been published by Palala Press this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2015-09-02 with categories.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Exempting The Churches
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Author : Jr. James F. Morton
language : en
Publisher: BoD – Books on Demand
Release Date : 2020-08-05
Exempting The Churches written by Jr. James F. Morton and has been published by BoD – Books on Demand this book supported file pdf, txt, epub, kindle and other format this book has been release on 2020-08-05 with Fiction categories.
Reproduction of the original: Exempting the Churches by Jr. James F. Morton